Translation
Don’t laugh at the farmers’ drunkenness. In the year of good harvest, there will be plenty of delicacies to entertain guests. There are mountains and rivers, and there is no way to go. Suddenly, there are lush green willows, beautiful flowers, and a village appears in front of you. You play the flute, I beat the drum, we form a team to celebrate, the Chunshe Festival is approaching, commoners wear plain hats, and the simple ancient customs are still preserved. From today on, if I can take advantage of the moonlight for a leisurely stroll, I, a white-haired old man, will also enjoy the night, leaning on a cane and knocking on the firewood door of my farm friends. [1]
3 Creation background
This unique poem was written in the early spring of the third year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign (1167) of the Song Dynasty. At that time, Lu You was resigning from office and living at home. In the second year of Longxing (1164), Lu You actively supported the anti-Jin general Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition. After Fuli's defeat, he was also ostracized and attacked by the central government and the surrender faction. After being appointed as the magistrate of Xingfu (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province), he was dismissed from office and returned home. Lu You's mood when he returned to his hometown was quite complicated, with depression and anger intertwined, but he was not disheartened. The patriotic sentiment of "Heart of generosity is strong" ("Hearing the Rain") made him feel hope and light in rural life, and he poured this feeling into his poetry creation.
Before this, Lu You served as the general magistrate of Longxing Prefecture. Because he strongly supported Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition, he was impeached by the capitulation faction for "taking advice from Taiwan, drumming up right and wrong, and trying to persuade Zhang Jun to use troops." He was dismissed. hometown. Of course the poet was indignant. Compared with the deceitful officialdom, the simple life in my hometown will naturally produce infinite gratification. In addition, although the poet seems to be at ease, he cannot forget the state affairs. The people who serve the country are short-sighted and have no long-term plans. However, the poet has not lost confidence and is convinced that one day he will be able to achieve peace and prosperity. This state of mind coincided with the scenery he was traveling to, so the two aspects negotiated, resulting in the couplets "Mountain Heavy" and "Willow Darkness" that have been passed down through the ages.
4 Appreciation of Works
This is a lyric poem about travel.
The first couplet exaggerates the tranquility and joy of the countryside in the year of good harvest. Lajiu refers to the rice wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month of the previous year. Dolphin is a piglet. Zu Jigu means chicken dolphin feet. These two sentences mean that although the taste of farm wine is weak, the hospitality to guests is very deep. The word "zu" expresses the farmer's hospitality to guests with all their hospitality. The word "Don't laugh" expresses the poet's appreciation for the simple folk customs in the countryside.
The second couplet describes the scenery of mountains and rivers. The description of the scenery contains philosophy and has been widely quoted for thousands of years. "There is no doubt in the mountains and rivers, and there is another village with dark willows and bright flowers." After reading such a smooth, gorgeous, cheerful and bright poem, it seems that you can see the poet walking among the verdant mountains, and the clear mountain springs gurgling through the winding streams. The vegetation becomes thicker and thicker, and the winding mountain paths become increasingly difficult to recognize. When he was confused, he suddenly saw the bright flowers and dark willows in front, and several farmhouses looming among the flowers and trees. The poet suddenly felt enlightened. You can imagine his joy and excitement.
This couplet shows a beautiful spring landscape; the next couplet goes from nature to human affairs, describing the rural customs in the early Southern Song Dynasty. It is not difficult for readers to appreciate the deep love for traditional culture that the poet wants to express. "She" is the god of land. Chunshe is on the fifth Wu day after the beginning of spring. On this day, farmers hold sacrifices to the community to pray for good harvest, with lively activities, playing and beating, and full of expectations for a good harvest. The origin of this festival is very ancient, and it is recorded in "The Rites of Zhou". Here, Lu You even praises this ancient local custom with "simple clothing and ancient customs", showing his love for our land and people.
The first three couplets describe the external situation and blend it with my own emotions. However, the poet seemed to be unsatisfied, so he changed his pen: "From now on, if I am allowed to take advantage of the moon, I will knock on the door at night with my stick." No time, any time. The poet has been "traveling" for a whole day. At this time, the bright moon is hanging high, and the whole earth is shrouded in a faint clear light, giving the village after the Spring Society a layer of tranquility and a special interest. So these two sentences naturally flowed out of my heart: I hope that from now on, I can ride on the moon with a stick, tap on the firewood, and talk cordially with the old farmers. This situation is very happy.