1. The Vikings that first appeared in historical records were recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as an attack on Britain in 789 AD. At that time, they were mistaken for businessmen by local officials, and these pirates killed officials who wanted to tax them. The second record was made in 793 AD. In the next 200 years, the vikings invaded the coastal countries of Europe, plundered the inland upstream along the river, and once controlled Russia and the Baltic Sea. It is said that they have reached the Mediterranean Sea and the Caspian Sea.
2. 1 1 The German historian Adam of Bremen once recorded in the fourth volume of his book History of the Archbishop of Hamburg: "Pirates gathered a lot of gold on the island of Xilan. These pirates are called vikings by their own people, and we call them Ascomans. They pay tribute to the king of Denmark. "
4. At the end of the Viking era, independent countries and kings appeared in Northern Europe, and at the same time accepted Christianity and began to enter the Middle Ages. Until European countries had strong kingship and the ability to resist Viking pirates, Viking talents gradually died out.
Second, extinction.
Destruction: harald invaded Britain 1066. On September 25th, in this battle, most of the vikings were annihilated, and the defeated vikings surrendered to the British army, with heavy losses, marking the end of the Viking era.
Extended data:
The origin of Viking:
The word "vikingr" once appeared on the ancient stone tablet of Juniper in Scandinavia, and it also means "adventure at sea" in Icelandic. In English, the word "wicing" first appeared in ancient Anglo-Saxon poems in the 6th century, which meant pirates, but at that time, the British did not call the Vikings vikings. The word "Viking" disappeared in Middle English, but reappeared in the legends of18th century.
In the 20th century, "Viking" not only refers to pirates, but also to Scandinavians, and many new words appeared, such as "Viking Age", "Viking Culture" and "Viking Colony". Later, Scandinavians engaged in commercial activities along the Russian River to Byzantium and established colonies along the river, so they later called the businessmen from Scandinavia Vikings, and the Scandinavians in North America were also called Vikings by English speakers.
In fact, not all Scandinavians are pirates. Like Europeans in other regions, they are farmers, fishermen and hunters. In order to prevent pirates from invading, they also set up a fleet. Calling all Scandinavians vikings will cause confusion.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Viking
Baidu Encyclopedia-Viking Age