Writing techniques belong to artistic expression techniques (that is, artistic techniques and expression techniques, including expression techniques (skills)), which are commonly used: exaggeration, contrast, metaphor, personification, suspense, care, association, imagination, combination of suppression, combination of point and surface, combination of static and dynamic, combination of narration and discussion, blending of scenes, comparison and contrast, bedding, expressing meaning with objects and describing details. Contrast, rendering, dynamic and static contrast, virtual and real, real and virtual writing, supporting things, lyric, etc. There are common forms of expression, such as narration, description, lyricism, discussion and explanation (in fact, they also belong to artistic expression).
Brief introduction of rhetorical methods
There are eight common rhetorical methods in NMET: metaphor, analogy, metonymy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, rhetorical questions and rhetorical questions.
1. Metaphor: The structure of metaphor is generally composed of ontology, vehicle and figurative words. The ontology and vehicle of metaphor must be different things, but they are similar. Using metaphor can make plain vivid, profound simple and abstract concrete.
2. Analogy: including personification and imitation. Personification is to describe things as adults and give them feelings, will and actions. Imitation is to describe people as things, or to describe this thing as something else. Comparison can make people or things colorful and vivid.
3. Metonymy: borrowing the body instead of the body. It does not directly say the person or thing to be expressed, but uses related things instead. It can replace the whole with parts, the ontology with features, and the proper names with proper names. For example, in White Beard, the characters are replaced by close-ups. Metaphor requires similarity between ontology and vehicle, while metonymy requires similarity between borrowing and ontology. You can use metonymy.
4. Exaggeration: including exaggerating or narrowing things reasonably. Lu Xun wrote in Mr. Lu Xun's article ... eyes are like two knives, cutting the old bolt in half. "The last sentence used the exaggeration of" narrowing ". Exaggeration should be reasonable, its function is to set off the atmosphere, enhance association, enlighten people and enhance the expression effect.
5. Duality: commonly known as "Duality", which is called "Duality" in the poem. Dui can be divided into generalized pairs and narrow pairs. Generally speaking, the number of words, relative parts of speech, structure and related meanings of the upper and lower sentences should be the same; It can be a phrase or a sentence. There are three types: right and wrong, against the current, and with the current. With duality, the sentence is neat, concise and lyrical.
6. Parallelism: It consists of three or more phrases or sentences with the same or similar structure, related content and consistent tone. Its function is to strengthen tone, emphasize content and aggravate feelings.
7. Ask questions: Ask questions without doubt, attract attention in self-questioning and self-answering, and inspire people to think.
8. rhetorical question: there is no doubt, but the answer lies in the problem, that is, the negative meaning is expressed in a positive form, and the positive meaning is expressed in a negative form. It has the function of strengthening tone and emotion.