Poetry sets off sadness with beautiful scenery. The first two sentences begin with spring grass, and The Songs of Chu: Recruiting Hermits says: "Wang Sun swims without returning, and spring grass grows endlessly." Spring is the season when everything germinates, and it is also the most suitable time for people to miss each other. Therefore, the color of green grass has gradually become a symbol of parting and missing. After Chu Ci, China's poem "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Grottoes" also said "Grass on the Green River and Philip Burkart Road", and "Spring Grass" in the Tang Dynasty became a typical image familiar to poets, such as "The vast grass crosses the plain and the four seasons come and go together" ... Oh, my friend's prince, you left again, and I heard them sigh behind you. Li Houzhu's "parting is like spring grass, which will go further and further" and so on. In the process of typifying this poetic language, gratitude is undoubtedly an important part. The third to sixth sentences describe charming spring scenery. "Poor pool" refers to the lovely tail wings of swallows, which glided by, and "Yaoma Island" describes the peach blossom with stretched branches and graceful leaves. These two sentences focus on form; "Burning" refers to gorgeous colors, and "flying" is written in Yan language, which is also based on tone and sound. Although these four sentences are just ordinary scenes, they add a lot of color because of their careful choice of words and sentences. They are all words headed by Lian Mian, in which "Lianchi" and "Yaoniao" belong to disyllabic words, while "Shao" and "Feifei" belong to overlapping words, which are opposite to each other, thus creating a dazzling and lively voice; The idiom "The Book of Songs" is used in Poor Pool and Burning Classics. The former said "Gao Yan Feng Yan": "Swallows fly, and the poor pool has its feathers. The son came home and was sent to the wild ... ",and the latter said" Nan Zhou Yao Tao ":"When a peach dies, it burns its glory. When a son returns to China, he should stay at home ... "These two poems in The Book of Songs were originally written about the feelings of relatives, and their idioms strengthened the meaning below. In these four sentences, two or three sentences are closely linked, and one or four sentences echo each other from a distance. This kind of "ya fork syntax" (Qian Zhongshu's "Guanzui Bian") has the effect of avoiding the flat plate and dyeing the scenery. The words "on the eaves" and "under the stream" moved the brush strokes to the mountains, and the scenery changed from rich to beautiful. The sentence "Although the secluded tree changes, it begins with life" ends with a description of the name and principle of the scenery. "Beginning" comes from Zhuangzi Sheng Da: "You swim in the place where everything ends." "Life" is based on Guo Xiang's note in "Zhuangzi Heaven and Earth": "The beginner is not born." This means that although the morphological changes of trees in spring are more noticeable, in fact, everything in nature is subtly glowing with new life. Physical human feelings and news are interlinked, thus transitioning from witnessed scenes to inner feelings.
The following ten sentences are turned into lyrical freehand brushwork. This part still starts from Bixing. In the sentences of Song Shu and Zige, The Book of Songs Xiaoya Zeke and Nan Zhou Mu Zhi are used to describe the intimate and dependent relationship between family members. These two metaphors not only correspond to the "secluded tree", but also provoke the "terror" of the next sentence. However, it is exquisite and lonely, which means the independence of the wanderer. The more beautiful spring is, the more miserable the downstream is, and the contrast between people and things is sharp. Birds are singing and flowers are fragrant, trees are fortunate, and wanderers are unhappy, so in the face of spring, they don't feel happy, but feel sad. The two sentences "nasal sensation" and "eye injury" have the same meanings as those in Lu Ji's poems, that is, "the eye sensation follows the empty grass, and the ear mourns the birds", and "sensation" is synonymous with "sadness" and "injury". But the words "clothing" and "clothing full" in the last two sentences are antonyms. [disgusting] refers to a depressed look. Qu Yuan's Lisao: "I am poor." For its own sake; "Manman" refers to the heart of pleasure, and in Zhuangzi Horseshoe, "Manman is pleasure". The pain of frustration is unforgettable, but happiness has long been far away from your life. The words "Piaopiaoman" and "Yiman" are disyllabic, and all four words are disyllabic, thus conveying the voice of resentment. At the end of the poem, it also ends with a comparison. The last two sentences originated from predecessors, and the sentence "The wind is coming" originated from Lu Ji's poem of the same name: "I wish the wind would rise, and I am proud of my words." It's just the opposite here. The sentence of "Birds Gone" is slightly similar to that of "Bieyang" in the Han Dynasty: "If you want to send a message, please give it a colorful note. Because the wind is attached to the light wing and steamed by the heart. The bird road is long, and its wings can't win. " There is a saying in ancient poetry that birds are sent to the wind, and now they can't even get it. How can the depressed mood match! The whole poem completes the meaning of the question at the most intense emotional climax.
The language of this poem by Dayu is quite exquisite and beautiful. There are seven conjunctions in the poem, and about ten idioms are taken from ancient books, far more than the original Luji. There are many advantages in the refinement of characters, such as the words "Yue" and "Nong" in Tao and Yan Nongsheng, and the words "Huan" and "Xin" in Song Yihuan's Biography and Dong Liudang all use anthropomorphic verbs. It is not difficult to see that the poetic language has made great progress between Jin and Song dynasties in terms of formal skills.