Knowledge and ability:
1, master the common sense of Yuan Qu genre.
2. Cultivate the habit of reading aloud and train the ability of reading aloud.
Process and method:
Understand the artistic features such as vivid metaphor, rich and magnificent imagination, bold and peculiar exaggeration and their role in highlighting the theme.
Emotions, attitudes and values:
Understand the content of poetry and experience the feelings expressed in poetry.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
Understand the artistic features such as vivid metaphor, rich and magnificent imagination, bold and peculiar exaggeration and their role in highlighting the theme.
Teaching time:
1 class hour
Teaching process:
First, import (5? )
1. Many teachers came to class today. Are you nervous? Anyway, I hope everyone can: say whatever you want, say it loudly!
2. Today we are going to learn a Sanqu, Zhang's "Goat Seat"? What is the title of Tongguan Nostalgia? (Tongguan nostalgia), this song is very short, and some students have contacted it in middle school. What is there to learn? We have a proverb called. Review the past and learn the new? I believe that when you re-examine this piece of music now, there will be some new gains.
Please read the text together, and recite the text if you can. (Students read the text)
I don't think such a good Sanqu is enough for everyone to watch. Next, let's read it again. If you put a lot of emotions into it for the first time, then this time, I hope everyone can put more 12 points.
Second, appreciation (reading the text through words)
1, basic principle: If you are full of English, you should chew it slowly and experience it carefully, just like cattle and sheep ruminate.
2. Explanation: (Students read aloud and explain, and teachers ask supplementary questions)
Ask everyone, have you previewed it? Ok, let me check it briefly. I have some words here, all from the text. Let's see who knows what they mean and remember to say what they want to say.
The palace in the mountains and rivers is hesitant and bitter
(1) Mountains and rivers:
A.what do you mean? (refers to the Yellow River outside Tongguan and Huashan inside. What does the watch mean here? The watch is outside. The order of mountains and rivers should be mountains and rivers.
Example:
● The wind and frost are noble and clean, and the truth comes out? Ouyang xiu's drunken pavilion
Because the pavilion is at midnight, there is no sunrise (if it is not at noon or midnight, the sun and the moon can't be seen).
● In spring and summer, the green pool is green and the reflection is clear? Li Daoyuan's Three Gorges
(winter? Su Chongchao? Hui Chun Qing? Green pool? Reflection) snow-white torrent, rolling clear waves; The green pool reflects the shadows of all kinds of scenery.
● I don't know what the sentence is, I don't understand it, or I am a teacher, or I am absent-minded. Never seen it in elementary school. According to the inheritance relationship, this sentence should be understood as: I don't know the sentence? Or a teacher? Primary school; Confused? Or a great legacy of absentmindedness.
This writing is a very common rhetorical device in our classical Chinese? Syria? It is characterized by expressing two or more related things in the same sentence at the same time.
B, Tongguan Road in the mountains and rivers, this poem is a painting. It is conceivable that there are mountains and rivers. Outside the mountain, Tongguan Road is in Hanoi. (The teacher draws and the students correct) Look at this picture again. Do you think I drew it this way? (contradiction between gathering and anger, interpretation of gathering and anger)
● Anthropomorphic rhetoric has moved the originally static mountain peaks, and put many dynamic mountain peaks into one sentence. It turns out that ruthless water makes the heart surge. A word "anger" endowed the river people with emotion and will, and wrote surging waves.
● Highlight the characteristics of Tongguan's dangerous terrain.
Songs are hearts, and scenery words are all love words. Get together and get angry? Between the lines, the poet's extreme restlessness and mood are revealed.
Tongguan is surrounded by Huashan Mountain, with the raging Yellow River outside. It can be seen that Tongguan terrain is very dangerous. It is precisely because of the dangerous terrain that it is very important, and Tongguan has therefore changed from a dangerous pass to a battleground for military strategists.
One person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it. Li Bai's Shu Dao Nan
He who wins Guanzhong wins the world.
② Palace Que:
What's the meaning of Gongque? (Palace) In fact, there is still a difference between a palace and a que. The palace is the house where Empress Dowager Cixi and other princes live. Que refers to the observation buildings on both sides of the palace gate, generally referring to the residence of the emperor. ) Palace Que is a symbol of national rights. If the imperial palace is destroyed, the country will surely perish.
Whose palace is the palace mentioned in the article? Is it the palace of the people in Qin and Han Dynasties? (No, it's the imperial palace of the Qin and Han Dynasties)
Suppose our classmates are asked to build Xianyang Palace. How many years will it take?
Qin Gong, which took hundreds of thousands of people to build, was destroyed in less than a hundred years. (Truman is on fire, poor scorched earth! Soon the Han dynasty began to rule and build palaces, and then the palaces of the Han dynasty turned into dirt again.
(3) Hesitation
What do you mean? At first it means indecision, but here it means anxiety and unhappiness. Looking at Xi Du, why are you unhappy? I think ancient poets are very interesting. I hope I always feel unhappy when I am in Chang 'an.
Looking at Chang 'an in the northwest, there are countless poor mountains.
-Xin Qiji's "Bodhisattva Man"
There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
-On Li Bai's "Nanjing on the Phoenix Terrace".
Once people take a back seat, like Jia Yi in Changsha, they look far and wide, but they can't see Chang 'an or their hometown.
-Li Bai
Go south to the Baling River and look back at Chang 'an.
-RoyceWong's Seven Sorrow.
These poets feel sorry for their unfulfilled ambitions, but what makes Zhang hesitate?
(The Forbidden City in the Qin and Han Dynasties was not so much flattened as the suffering of the people who built it. )
(4) Bitterness
This is too simple. What does this mean? Please make up a word to explain.
Read the last sentence. According to the historical knowledge you have learned, what do you think brought pain and suffering to the people?
It is praised by many people that the prosperity of the people is bitter and the death of the people is bitter. Please compare the following sentences. What do you think is good?
Xing, the people are blessed; Death makes people suffer. Beauty lies in unique understanding.
Xing, also by him; Wu also spared him. The beauty lies in worrying about the country and the people.
2. Read the text and make sentences. Let the students make a sentence. Choose one of the above words to make a sentence. Please read the text again before making sentences. According to the text, focus on the bitter words.
Summary: (showing the original picture and blackboard writing) Say, I also make a sentence, Xing, there are white bones on Tongguan Road. There are ghosts in the ruins of the imperial palace in Qin and Han Dynasties. At this time? In an instant, how do you feel about the sufferings of Zhang people? If you stand in Tongguan and see such a scene, what will your mood be?
Third, reading experience.
Compassion for the people, anger against the rulers.
Please read the text freely and carefully understand Zhang's feelings. Then read the text with this emotion and see if you can express this emotion by reading aloud.
(Students read aloud)
Yuanqu was originally used for singing, and Shanpo sheep belonged to Han-Lu singing. Is that so? Earn high profits? . Although we can't sing, we can express this effect through reading aloud and our own voices. (Listen to the tape)
Fourth, the creation and translation of ancient poems: (1) The order and content are not limited.
(2) Poetic representation, own views
Please express your understanding of Zhang and Tongguan's homesickness in your own language and with the help of poetry. Example:
Tongguan nostalgia
Who is it, indulging his lewd eyes in the mountains and rivers (y? )
Who is it, pointing to the mountains and rivers and showing a possessiveness?
Those peaks and waves are the so-called mountains and rivers
The emperor's name is written between mountains and rivers.
Jiangshan is still the same Jiangshan.
The emperor's name was changed again and again.
How many people will be destroyed by writing a name?
The blood of the dead and the tears of the living.
Change, change dynasties
Struggle is always war.
Suffering is still the most bitter of the people.
Reflection on the Teaching of verb (abbreviation of verb)
As a class in the first semester since teaching, the main design of this class comes from listening to a large open class in junior high school. In my opinion, a good class has two conditions, one is good class design, and the other is high basic quality of teachers. Then it is far from enough to measure my own words by this standard. I can't design such a good class and I don't have a high-quality teacher.
I feel good after this class. I feel very suitable for some sensational classes. What I have been pursuing is teacher Yu Yi's emotional teaching method, and I always feel that my emotions are still relatively rich. Since high school, I have a soft spot for reading Chinese. Every morning, I read the text with great feeling, which often attracts the attention of some students. I feel good about myself, but my shortcomings are often invisible to me. As a Chinese teacher, reading aloud may not be my advantage.
In fact, I haven't really known myself, and I don't know which aspects I will be better than others and which ones are my strengths. However, they are often weak things, feel good about themselves and are more interested. Is this because people don't know themselves? Just like I like dancing, but my figure is not good, which makes me very upset.
In fact, I think there is nothing wrong with my choice to be a teacher. At least, my language expression is quite clear under normal circumstances. Then, no matter how I take this course, I will keep a good mood and continue to work hard to get a better class next time.
"Alpine sheep? The teaching goal of Tongguan nostalgic excellent teaching plan
1, learn about the common sense of Yuanqu.
2. Through reading and analysis, understand the thoughts and feelings to be expressed in these two Yuan songs.
3. Understand the writing style of these two Yuan songs, and be able to make a preliminary appreciation as required.
Description:
The two Sanqu songs selected in this lesson are both famous works in Yuan Dynasty. Ma Zhiyuan's Shouyang Song? "Yuan Pu Fan Gui" depicts a picture of fishermen returning home late in Jiangcun, with an open artistic conception, spacious and elegant. Zhang's "Sheep of the Mountain? Tongguan Nostalgia reveals the great pain caused by the decline of feudal dynasties in previous dynasties, and its feelings are sincere and profound. Although the themes and creative styles of the two Sanqu songs are different, they are both lyrical and emotional in writing. Therefore, in teaching, each has its own emphasis and can complement each other; In addition, these two Sanqu are lyrical, which is suitable for students to perceive the author's emotions by reading aloud. In the process of teaching, it is also an important auxiliary link to read the text emotionally in various ways and try to be familiar with the text.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
1, the key point: learn to start with the analysis of the scenery description of Yuanqu, and then understand the thoughts and feelings that the poet wants to express.
2. Difficulties: Understanding the profound thoughts and feelings contained in the poet's poems.
Description:
Poetry is lyrical with the help of images, so is the selection of two songs. The scenery described is typical and vivid, giving people a lot of room for imagination. But at the same time, the selection and description of these scenes bear the author's own thoughts and feelings, with strong subjective colors and characteristics of the times, which are difficult for students to understand. Therefore, it is the focus and difficulty of this paper to guide students to grasp the thoughts and feelings contained in poetry step by step by reading aloud, analyzing the description of scenery, connecting the background of the times and the poet's life experience. Learning this method well can lay a foundation for further understanding and appreciation of ancient poetry and improve appreciation ability.
teaching process
Thinking guidance
After letting students know the basic knowledge of Yuanqu, teachers can also use comparative methods to analyze the text: (1) similarity. Both Yuan songs start with the description of scenery, which is vivid and typical, with vivid keywords and affectionate scenery. (2) differences. The first poem describes the whole scene, which contains the poet's thoughts and feelings of pursuing a quiet life; The second song turned from scenery writing to nostalgia, expressing the poet's sympathy for the people's painful life and expressing his feelings directly. Of course, there are many aspects that can be compared through the encouragement and guidance of teachers. However, this method is more suitable for classes with good Chinese foundation. For ordinary students, it is better to lay a good foundation step by step.
Practice example
1. Setting off is a common expression in ancient poetry. Can you give some other examples besides what you learned in this article?
2, nostalgia for ancient poetry is often hurt or satirize the present, recall the ancient poetry you have learned, for example.