Original: "Farewell to Du DuDu's Departure from Shu";
Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river.
We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions.
After all, the world is just a small place.
If you don't do anything wrong, the child will get wet with towels.
On the Translation in Shu from Farewell to Du DuDu;
In the ancient country of Sanqin, the palace of Chang 'an city wall was arched.
It's blustery and smoky, and you can see Wujin in Zhoushumin River.
When I shake hands with you to say goodbye, I have mutual sympathy;
You and I are both people who are far away from home and go out to be officials.
As long as we are bosom friends within the four seas, no matter how far apart, we are all like together.
Please don't cry sadly on the way to leave;
Like affectionate young men and women, crying on each other's clothes.
Appreciation of Wang Bo s Farewell to the Governor of Shu (Ⅰ);
The pain of parting is the eternal theme of literati works. Wang Bo, a poet, expressed his feelings of sending his friends to be an official from a new angle.
"Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river." The first two sentences point out the place of farewell and the whereabouts of pedestrians respectively. "City Que" refers to the capital Chang 'an. Que is a watchtower on both sides of the palace gate. "Sanqin" refers to the vicinity of Chang 'an. After Xiang Yu destroyed Qin, he divided the original territory of Qin into three kingdoms: Yong, Sai and Zhai, and made three generals of Qin king, which was called "Sanqin" and "surrounded by this wall", meaning that the capital Chang 'an was surrounded by Sanqin. "Wujin" is where Du Shaofu is going. From guanxian to Qianwei, Sichuan Minjiang River has five ferries, such as Baihuajin and Wan Li Tianjin, which are called "Wujin". Chang 'an is the place where the poet and Du Shaofu parted, and the castle and palace are magnificent and vivid. Du Shaofu leave here, nature is reluctant to go. What about Zhou Shu? Thousands of miles away, it's foggy, and at first glance, it's hard to avoid some melancholy. These two sentences set off the farewell feeling between the traveler and the sender by comparing the scenery near and far.
This friend, named Du, worked as a small official like a county commandant in Beijing, and came to office thousands of miles away. I'm afraid he is a very frustrated intellectual. Wang Bo himself is not proud of being an official. When they go out of Beijing and look at Wujin, their feelings will naturally communicate with each other. "We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials ran counter to each other." These two poems wrote the feelings between two people. The general idea of these two sentences is: you and I are both people who travel far to be officials. You go to Zhou Shu, and I'll stay in Chang 'an. Although going and staying are different, the meaning of farewell at this moment is the same! These two sentences show sincere feelings, sincere attitude, and a caring tone. They are naturally revealed between the lines and are very touching.
Five or six sentences suddenly turned the pen and comforted the friend who was about to travel: "However, as long as China maintains our friendship, heaven will still be our neighbor." It means: after we broke up, although we live far apart, we don't have to be sad. There are intimate friends in the sea, even if they are far away, they are like close neighbors. The last two sentences go one step further and say, "It's wrong to do nothing. The child is wet with a towel." It means, don't be sad because of parting on the way, just like those young men and women, don't want Lacrimosa. The above four sentences are from Wang Biao on a White Horse by Cao Zhi. When Cao Zhi and his younger brother Cao Biao parted, they wrote: "The husband is ambitious all over the world, and Wan Li is still close." He also said, "Worry has become a disease, and nothing is a child's benevolence!" But Wang Bo's poems are more concise and vivid.
Farewell to Lieutenant Du to Shu is a well-known poem, especially "However, China has our friendship and heaven is still our neighbor", which is often quoted by people. This poem is optimistic and cheerful, without the usual sadness and sadness of farewell poems. I think this is an important reason for its popularity. Its mood is consistent with the economic and cultural prosperity in the early Tang Dynasty and the spirit of the times of the rise and development of feudal society.
Appreciation of Wang Bo s Farewell to the Governor of Shu (Ⅱ);
This poem is a famous farewell poem, which is poetic to comfort you not to be sad when you leave. The first sentence is in strict opposition, and the third and fourth sentences are in the same strain, with scattered tones, turning reality into emptiness and ups and downs in literary context. "However, China holds our friendship, and heaven is still our neighbor." Its towering peaks highly summarize the scene of "profound friendship, mountains and rivers are irresistible", which has been passed down from generation to generation and is well known. At the end of the couplet, the theme of "sending" is pointed out.
The whole poem is full of ups and downs, pulsating flow and broad-minded artistic conception. It washed away the sadness in ancient farewell poems, and it is a unique stone tablet with bright and clear tone and high freshness.
This poem washes away the bitterness and lingering state in previous farewell poems, and embodies lofty taste and broad-minded mind. "However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven will still be our neighbor." Two words have become an immortal sentence to express the deep friendship between friends far away from Qian Shan.
"separated by the wall of three qins and the fog of five rivers". Que is the watchtower in front of the palace. "City Que" refers to Chang 'an, the imperial capital of the Tang Dynasty. "Sanqin" refers to the Guanzhong area near Chang 'an. At the end of Qin dynasty, Xiang Yu once divided this area into three kingdoms, so later people called it Sanqin. "Assist" and "assist" can be understood as escort here. "Auxiliary Sanqin" means "Auxiliary Sanqin". The vast wilderness in Guanzhong area guards Chang 'an and is a farewell place. "Through the mist that unites five rivers". "Wujin" refers to the five crossings of Minjiang River from guanxian to Qianwei. Looking from a distance, I saw the wind, dust and smoke in Sichuan are endless. This sentence is about where Du Shaofu is going. Because friends are going to Sichuan from Chang 'an, the two places are naturally linked with the poet's feelings. The poem did not say goodbye at the beginning, but only described the situation and style of these two places. Looking up at thousands of miles, I feel infinitely reluctant, and the feeling of farewell is comfortable. The poet is in Chang 'an, and even the land of Sanqin is hard to see at a glance. As for Wujin, thousands of miles away, you can't see it at all. Poetry is often beyond the vision of ordinary people. Looking at the world with imaginary eyes, you can take a few seats in Wanshan and see Wanchun in an instant. "How does the water of the Yellow River move to the sky and enter the ocean, and it will never return?" Looking at the East China Sea from Heyuan. "Qutang Xiakou Qujiangtou, Wan Lifeng meets Su Qiu in smoke", and Chang 'an can be seen from the Three Gorges. Using this technique, this poem has opened up a magnificent realm from the beginning, which is different from ordinary farewell poems that only pay attention to Yan Yu, Yang Zhi, tears and wine lamps.
We said goodbye to each other sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions. What does it mean to leave each other? People who are wandering abroad for the same official reasons have left their hometown and have already had a heavy parting. When they said goodbye to each other in the guest house, it was another heavy parting: there was infinite sadness in it. The first two sentences are high-profile, precise and strict. These two sentences have a long lasting appeal, and the antithesis is not neat, so they are more evacuated. Of course, this is because there was no set of strict rules for orthodox poetry at that time, but it also had its unique beauty. At first, it was like a waterfall hanging over thousands of feet, which tumbled down from the clouds, then fell into a deep pool, gurgled down, and flew in Qingyuan, resulting in ups and downs and strong ups and downs, which made people feel that they were changing.
Then the fifth and sixth sentences, the realm from narrow to grand, the mood from sad to heroic. However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven will remain our neighbor. It is inseparable to stay away from a true confidant. As long as you are in the four seas, even at the ends of the earth, you are close neighbors. What are A Qin and Shu? Broad-minded, ambitious, showing true friendship is not limited by time and space, both eternal and ubiquitous, and expressing optimistic and open-minded emotions.
At the end of the two sentences, "Why linger at the fork in the road, children * * * touch towels!" These two lines run through one sentence, meaning: don't cry goodbye to that child at this fork in the road where we are about to break up! It is a reminder to friends and a confession to your feelings. Immediately after the first two sentences, it suddenly fell into relief at a very high and steep place, and then ended. Take music for example: at the end of the music, some come to an abrupt end in the most wonderful place, and some drag on. This poem ends in the second way. To appreciate ancient poems, especially those neat and short, such as the Five Laws, we should not only appreciate some of its wonderful sentences, but also understand its composition, its ups and downs, its ideological changes and development. Words seem to look at mountains and dislike peace, and so do poems.
Appreciating this poem from the perspective of literary history, it is not difficult to feel that it has a fresh breath. The early Tang Dynasty was the beginning of a powerful dynasty in ancient China. Poetry in the Tang Dynasty reached the peak in the history of China literature. The great innovation and development of poetry, which lasted about 200 years, began in the early Tang Dynasty. Wang, Yang, Lu, Luo and other great poets at that time were pioneers who appeared earlier. First of all, they opposed the gaudy poetic style inherited from the early Tang and Six Dynasties. Yang Jiong said that Wang Bo "tasted the early years of Longshuo, and the literary field was a variant: fighting for slim structure and carving; Golden jade, dragon and phoenix, chaotic purple and yellow; The video is called Eccentricity and False Beauty. I am exhausted, I am strong and ignorant, I think of its disadvantages, and I want to use my career. " It can be seen that he consciously reformed the disadvantages of poetry and advocated a vigorous and upward poetic style. Take this poem by Wang Bo as an example. It was simple, vigorous and unrestrained, which once made readers feel refreshed at that time. Since then, this poetic style has been greatly developed and has become the dominant style of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Secondly, they made their own contribution to the formation of the new poetic style. Taking five-character poems as an example, this new poetic style, which gradually matured and prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, was tried and formed in the works of Wang Bo and others. This poem by Wang Bo is two mature five-character poems. Read the five laws of Wang and Meng again, and then read the five laws of Li and Du, and you will find that the development of this new poetic style in the Tang Dynasty is like a big river, which comes down in one continuous line and grows more magnificent as it moves forward.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Bo (about 650-676), Zi 'an, Han nationality, was a writer in the Tang Dynasty. Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi Province), a native of Gujiangzhou, was born in a Confucian family, and was called "Wang Luo" and "four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty" with Yang Jiong and Lu.
Wang Bo was smart and studious since he was a child. According to Old Tang Book, he was able to write articles at the age of six, and he was known as a "child prodigy". At the age of nine, I read Yan Shigu's Notes on Hanshu and wrote ten volumes of Finger Defects to correct my mistakes. At the age of sixteen, he was appointed Saburo at the request of Su You Branch. He was kicked out of Pei Wang Fu for "cockfighting". After that, Wang Bo spent three years traveling in Bashu mountains and rivers and wrote a lot of poems. After returning to Chang 'an, he asked Zhou Guo to join the army. When he joined the army, he was demoted twice for killing government slaves privately. In August of the 3rd year of Shang Dynasty (676), Tang Gaozong returned from visiting his father and drowned across the sea. He is good at five laws and five unique skills, and his representative works include "Farewell to Vice Governor Du to Shu". The main literary achievement is parallel prose, which is the best in quantity and quality. His masterpiece is Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion.