This is a seven-character Yuefu poem written by Wang Wei when he was nineteen years old. The theme is taken from Tao Yuanming's narrative prose "The Peach Blossom Spring". Wu Qiao in the Qing Dynasty once said in "Poetry Talk around the stove": "Meaning is like five grains. Writing is cooking and making rice; poetry is brewing and making wine." A good poem should be like mellow wine. After reading it, you can make people feel better. People are intoxicated. Therefore, to express the content of prose in poetry is not just a matter of changing the language form, but also requires artistic re-creation. Wang Wei's "Journey to the Peach Blossom Spring" is precisely because of this successful artistic re-creation that it has independent artistic value and has been circulated alongside the prose "Peach Blossom Spring".
The artistic re-creation of "Journey to Peach Blossoms" is mainly reflected in the development of the artistic conception of poetry; and this artistic conception of poetry is mainly reflected through vivid pictures.
At the beginning of the poem, a vivid picture of "fishing boat chasing water" is shown: distant mountains and near water, mangroves and green streams, a fishing boat, traveling leisurely in the peach blossom forest on the bank. The poet used bright colors to paint a picture of a beautiful spring scenery, paving the way for fishermen to "sit and look at the mangroves" and "walk through the green streams". Here, the gorgeous scenery and full of interest merge into a beautiful poetic realm, and the beginning of the event is also contained in it. An indispensable explanation in prose: "In the Taiyuan period of the Jin Dynasty, the people of Wuling made fishing a profession, and they walked along the stream, forgetting the distance of the road?" In the poem, it has become the raw material for brewing "wine" and turned into subtext. , voice-over, allowing readers to imagine and experience it themselves. Between the pictures, the poet skillfully uses some general and transitional descriptions to draw connections and provide clues to guide the readers' imagination and follow the development of the plot. The two sentences "山口" and "山开" play such a role. Through summary description, it allows readers to imagine the process of a fisherman abandoning his boat and landing on the shore, sneaking into the winding mountain pass, and finally discovering a paradise in front of his eyes. In this way, the reader's imagination follows into the paradise and is naturally led to the next picture. At this time, the panoramic view of Taoyuan appeared in front of people: the tall trees in the distance seemed to be gathered in the blue sky and white clouds, and the nearby flowers and bamboos were everywhere. These two sentences, from far to near, the clouds, trees, flowers, and bamboos complement each other and are so beautiful. The picture reveals a peaceful, tranquil atmosphere and thriving vitality, allowing readers to imagine, understand, understand, and think about it. The so-called charm of poetry and the mellow taste of "wine" also contain Among them. Then, the reader can imagine that the fisherman enters the picture step by step and begins to see the characters in it. "The woodcutter first passed on the Han name, but the residents did not change the Qin clothes." It describes the surprise of the people in Taoyuan when they discover the foreigners and the obvious difference in the clothes of the fishermen when they first see the "residents", and implicitly expresses the "residents" in the prose. I don’t know if there is Han, no matter Wei or Jin” means.
The twelve sentences in the middle are the main part of the poem. "The people who live in Wulingyuan" carry on from the above and take on a new meaning, and then point out that this is "a pastoral place outside of things". Then, scenes and life scenes in Taoyuan were displayed one after another. The moonlight, the shadow of pine trees, the silence of the house, the night in Taoyuan is quiet; the sun, the clouds, the crowing of chickens and the barking of dogs, the morning in Taoyuan is noisy. Two pictures, each with its own interest. The night scenes are all still life, while the morning scenes are all dynamic, full of poetry and painting, showing Wang Wei's unique artistic style. The fisherman, this uninvited guest, surprised the people in Taoyuan. The two sentences "Shocked" are also a vivid picture, but the pictures are not scenery but characters. A series of verbs such as "surprise", "struggle", "collection", "competition" and "ask" vividly portray people's expressions, emotions and psychology, showing the simple and enthusiastic character of the people in Taoyuan and their concern for their homeland. . The two sentences "Pingming" further describe the environment of Taoyuan and the beauty of life. "Sweeping the flowers to bloom" and "riding into the water" closely capture the characteristics of the Peach Blossom Land scenery. The two-sentence narrative of "I went to the human world for refuge in the beginning, but did not return when I became an immortal" traces the origin of Taoyuan; "Who knows that there is someone in the gorge, and the world looks at Kongyun Mountain in the distance", a long and sentimental chant is included in the narrative , the writing style is lively and colorful.
In the last level, the rhythm of the poem accelerates. The author tightly grasps the psychological activities of the characters and expresses many contents in one breath, such as the fishermen leaving Taoyuan, missing Taoyuan, looking for Taoyuan again, as well as the changing peaks and valleys, being unable to find it, and feeling endless regret. The emotions, scenes, and events are all here. blended together. The six sentences "No doubt", in the course of the narrative, express regret for the fisherman leaving the "spiritual realm" so easily, and full of yearning for the "fairyland" on the road in Yunshan. However, time has passed, the old place is hard to find, and Taoyuan is no longer available. At this time, all that was left was confusion. The last four sentences, as the end of the poem, echo the beginning. The beginning is about getting lost unintentionally but accidentally getting it from the confusion, and the ending is about not getting lost intentionally but getting it out of the confusion, which makes the readers sigh. "Spring is full of peach blossoms", the poem is erratic and the artistic conception is confusing, leaving endless aftertaste for people.
Comparing this poem "Peach Blossom Spring" with Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Spring", we can say that both are excellent and have their own characteristics. Prose is good at narrative and pays attention to literary and artistic style. The story has a beginning and an end, and the time, place, characters, and events are all explained clearly and clearly. These are not specifically mentioned in the poem, but they can be imagined from the artistic conception of the poem. The poems show pictures one by one, creating the artistic conception of the poem, mobilizing the reader's imagination to imagine and play with things other than the pictures, and gain a feeling of beauty from them. This is why poetry is poetry.
In Wang Wei's poem, Taoyuan is described as a "spiritual realm" and a "fairyland". Many modern people have criticized it. In fact, the "spiritual realm" in the poem also includes clouds, trees, flowers, bamboos, chickens, dogs, houses, alleys, and fields. People in Taoyuan also work at sunrise and rest at sundown, and are filled with the spirit of pastoral life on earth. breath. It reflects Wang Wei's beautiful life ideals in his youth, and its theme is basically consistent with the prose "Peach Blossom Spring".
This poem opens up the poetic realm through vivid pictures. It can be said that it is a reflection of Wang Wei's characteristic of "paintings in poems" in his early works. In addition, there are thirty-two lines in the whole poem, and four or six lines change rhyme, alternating between straight and oblique lines, and the transition is consistent. The writing style of the poem is healthy, calm and elegant, and it is easy to write with ease, which is highly praised by future generations. Wang Shi of the Qing Dynasty said: "Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the three best writers of Journey to Taoyuan are Wang Mojie (Wang Wei), Han Tuizhi (Han Yu), and Wang Jiefu (Wang Anshi). Guan Tuizhi and Jiefu are two The poetry, the writing power and the meaning are very gratifying. When I read Mojie's poems, I feel so comfortable. I can't help but feel red and hot when I try hard to hold back. This is why it is so unattainable in the prosperous Tang Dynasty." ("Chibei Ou Tan") "How comfortable". Four words, it is a very high evaluation. Weng Fanggang also highly praised this poem and said, "Those who sing about Taoyuan things in ancient and modern times are the most accomplished by You Cheng." ("Shizhou Poetry Talk") This is a conclusive evaluation.