Lipper
The king of Qin swept Liuhe, eyeing, He Xiongzai! Swords make clouds, and princes come to the West.
Judging from the apocalypse, it can generally drive a group of talents. Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward.
Gong Ming will benefit from the mountains and look at Langya Taiwan. 700,000 torturers set out from Mount Li.
It's sad to be at a loss about taking the elixir of life. Even crossbows can shoot marine fish. The long whale is Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like five mountains, and the waves are thundering. Why does Tibet want to see Penglai?
When will Xu Shi's boat carrying A Qin girl come back? But see three springs, golden coffin buried cold ashes.
Make an appreciative comment
This is the third of Li Bai's 59 ancient poems. The poem begins with praising Qin Shihuang's great talent and achievements in unifying China, and then satirizes his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals. According to "Nine Years of Tongzhi Jiantianbao", Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and sought longevity". Li Bai's poem seems to be written for Xuanzong's quest for immortality, which uses ancient metaphors to describe the present and Qin Shihuang to satirize Xuanzong.
2. Poems about Qin Shihuang should be heard soon, often about Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Guan and Qin Shihuang.
All good fairy skills will not last long. Sand dunes have disappeared since the gold platform was destroyed.
Maoling and Li Yue have vast grasslands today. Three hundred and thirty poems of Hanshan have been swept away. Why go underground? The war zone is full of rest, and the dream is shocking.
The deer is fascinated by horses, and the corpse stinks. With the help of the first hand, there is no miracle in the world
The title of this song is "Ode to Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang", which I improvised when I visited the Terracotta Warriors and Horses in 1982. I don't write old-fashioned poems, but I was infected by the three grasses in Nie Yi.
I once copied this poem, thanking him for his fallacy, saying that writing a poem like this is also delicious. To tell you the truth, I think it's not bad myself.
Look, that's what I am. I never pretend to be modest. Before that, I wrote a seven-tone Ode to the History of Qin in 1979. That's because I work in Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House and read a manuscript commenting on the history of Qin State. This manuscript can be used or not. At that time, the manuscript was rather crowded, so I gave up and returned it to the author. I seem a little sorry for the author. I wrote a long letter of rejection and attached this poem.
Later, I wrote a short article entitled "Three Postscript Poems on History", and "Ode to Qin History" was one of the three. In the essay "Ten Years of Painting a Tiger", I wrote: Abalone stinks, throwing ancestors' dragons at random, and setting up organs skillfully, Julius.
Tame the heirs of deer and horses, not to mention running out of oil! It's really hard to prevent a slight delay. Don't laugh. Explore the reasons, seek solutions, and don't forget that the past is the prophet.
This poem is written for the content of the manuscript. The meaning of the first two couplets is the same as that in Qin Shihuang's ode to terracotta warriors and horses. "Preventing micro-duration" refers to Zhao Gao's gradual theft of power, which made the situation in the Qin Dynasty out of control, implying that the Gang of Four was just playing politics at that time. Generally speaking, reciting history should be linked with reality, which is also old-fashioned
Qin Shihuang was a historical figure who caused a lot of discussion in later generations. He is always destroyed more and gained less fame. In the epic, a well-known broad-minded man like Li Bai praised his bravery in the first half of "Ancient Style III" and "Qin Wang Sweeping Liuhe", while in the second half he also condemned his tyranny and ignorance of seeking immortality, not to mention the comments of many orthodox scholars.
However, many scholars who know something about history have made quite positive comments on Qin Shihuang, and even praised him as "an emperor through the ages". Modern scholars such as Zhang Taiyan wrote articles such as Qin and Qin Zhengji, and made a positive evaluation of Qin Shihuang, believing that he was more successful than others.
But on the whole, after all, it is not the mainstream public opinion of Qin school. It was Confucianism that made Qin Shihuang bear the notoriety of an eternal tyrant. Confucianism is the dominant school in China for more than two thousand years after the Han Dynasty, and the children of Confucianism are almost synonymous with all intellectuals. Confucianism was the most unlucky under Qin Shihuang.
Speaking of the tyranny of Qin Shihuang, the first thing to do is to burn books and bury Confucianism. Burning books and Confucian classics; Pit Confucianism, pit is the Confucian scholars in six countries.
This tone has been suppressed for thousands of years, which makes Confucianism, which has become the mainstream of intellectuals, bear a grudge forever, and it is imperative to curse Qin Shihuang as the first tyrant throughout the ages. Since Jia Yi's On Qin in the Western Han Dynasty, there have been many bad words and few good words in the poems about Qin history.
Generally speaking, the more orthodox, that is, the more pedantic, the more severe the condemnation of Qin Shihuang. I just saw a news that Hebei is building the Great Wall. Let's talk about the fact that Qin Shihuang has been building the Great Wall. There are many unfair comments.
The most common thing is to make some empty remarks that "it is not dangerous to be in Germany", mocking Qin Shihuang for building the Great Wall in vain, regardless of the actual war needs of resisting the invasion of Xiongnu at that time. It should be noted that the city's defense is effective under the war conditions of ancient cold weapons confronting each other, especially against the invasion of the Hu people who are used to cavalry.
The main fighting capacity of Middle-earth is infantry. It would be terrible if there were no city walls.
This is within the scope of common sense, but in order to criticize Qin Shihuang, common sense is desperate. In ancient times, communication was backward. Unlike today, you can contact by phone or text message. At that time, it was necessary to hold bonfires on the city walls to warn or give orders, unless you didn't want to protect the environment and let people's lives and property be damaged by foreign enemies.
Otherwise, what is the crime of building the Great Wall? The Great Wall also has a benign function, which I am afraid will not be noticed. I witnessed this with my own eyes when I was sent to Ningxia in the late 1950s. In the border area between Gansu and Ningxia, the Great Wall has collapsed, leaving a section of broken walls.
It is very conspicuous that where there is a city wall, there are rows of green cultivated land in the border town, while outside the wall, there are barren sand and stones, and nothing grows. It can be proved that this humble city wall stopped the sandstorm outside the Great Wall and created an environment for residents to live and multiply. It turns out that the Great Wall has also contributed to the protection of the ecological environment.
There are many poems about the history of the Qin Dynasty involving the Great Wall, and a poem with the meaning of "Guang Xin" often flashes in my mind, which is the memory left by reading Yuan Mei's Poems with the Garden when I was a teenager. This poem was written by Yuan Mei's contemporaries, but the name of the poet has been forgotten. Yuan Mei entered the poem by appreciating the oath and postscript in the poem.
Those two sentences are: "When you go to the city, you will build Wan Li with civilian cream for nothing." At first glance, these two sentences are really witty: Your Majesty built the Great Wall to defend the eternal inheritance of the Qin Dynasty, but Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, who destroyed your country, grew up in the Great Wall. Your majesty, you have lived in vain! (Yuan Mei recorded in "Poems in the Garden". I still remember another couplet with the same tone as the one referring to the Great Wall: "Why were the poetry books burned and robbed? Liu Xiang is illiterate. "
) but careful scrutiny, it is rambling or irrelevant. The Great Wall was built to resist foreign invasion, but its original intention was not to deal with domestic rebellion.
Building the Great Wall and preventing internal invasion are two completely different things. There are many reasons for the collapse of a regime. Those who should collapse will collapse, or those who don't build the Great Wall will collapse. The Tang Dynasty perished and the Song Dynasty perished. Did these two dynasties ever build the Great Wall? Further exploration shows that the reason why people suddenly want to talk about a historical event is probably due to the stimulation of reality. The historical figures they choose, as Marx said, "call the dead", are looking for objects for the needs of reality. Yuan Mei's generation of intellectuals were awed and indignant at the tyranny of the two tyrants, especially the literary inquisition, which frequently insulted intellectuals, and chose Qin Shihuang as the object of his tortuous venting.
The poet may have done this consciously or unconsciously. This matter is a little subtle, only the person who writes poetry knows it.
Talking about history is always for the stimulation of reality. There is an article about the similarities and differences between Hua De's burning books in Lu Xun's Quasi-Romantic Talk, which is also because Nazi leader Hitler burned books.
3. Li Bai commented on Qin Shihuang's poems, Qin Wang swept Liuhe, and Li Bai and Qin Wang swept Liuhe, eyeing He Xiongzai! Sword and cloud, governors come to the west. Tell the truth from the apocalypse, and generally stimulate that group of talents. Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward. I will learn from the mountains and hope to see Langya Taiwan. 700,000 torturers rose from the mountains. They are still taking the elixir of life, which makes them feel very sad. Even the crossbow shoots sea fish, and the long whale is Cui Wei. When will the ship be returned when Xu Shi is carrying the A Qin girl? However, under the three springs, the golden coffin was buried in the cold ashes. This is the third of Li Bai's 59 ancient poems. At the beginning of this poem, he praised Qin Shihuang's great talent and achievements in unifying China, and then satirized his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals. According to "Nine Years of Tongzhi Tian Jianbao", Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and sought immortality". This poem by Li Bai seems to be written for Xuanzong's longing for immortals, which is a metaphor for today.
4. Li Bai commented on Qin Shihuang's poems, Qin Wang swept Liuhe, and Li Bai and Qin Wang swept Liuhe, eyeing He Xiongzai! Swords make clouds, and princes come to the West.
Judging from the apocalypse, it can generally drive a group of talents. Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward.
Gong Ming will benefit from the mountains and look at Langya Taiwan. 700,000 torturers set out from Mount Li.
It's sad to be at a loss about taking the elixir of life. Even crossbows can shoot marine fish. The long whale is Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like five mountains, and the waves are thundering. Why does Tibet want to see Penglai? When will Xu Shi's boat carrying A Qin girl come back? But see three springs, golden coffin buried cold ashes.
Appreciation This is the third of Li Bai's fifty-nine ancient styles. The poem begins with praising Qin Shihuang's great talent and achievements in unifying China, and then satirizes his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals.
According to "Nine Years of Tongzhi Jiantianbao", Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and sought longevity". Li Bai's poem seems to be written for Xuanzong's quest for immortality, which uses ancient metaphors to describe the present and Qin Shihuang to satirize Xuanzong.
5. What famous sayings did the ancients use to evaluate the crossing of Qin Shihuang 1? The first emperor sent Meng Tian 100,000 troops to attack the Huns. Later generations commented on this: "If you attack from afar, you will be greedy outside and empty inside, and you will do a wide range of things without worrying about its harm." 2. Jia Yi, a thinker in the Western Han Dynasty, pointed out in "On Crossing the Qin Dynasty": "One person is in danger of seven temples dying, and his hands are powerless, and he is proud of the world. Be merciless, and the offensive and defensive trends are different.
..... Zhou Xuwang got his way, which lasted for thousands of years, and Qin Benchu fell, which can't last long. From its point of view, the unification of security is far from it. "
3. Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty, wrote in Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor: "The king of Qin was greedy for money, self-motivated, did not believe in heroes, did not kiss gentry, abolished kingcraft, established private rights, forbade torture, and bullied the former righteousness, which began with tyranny. It's different to marry a cunning and steady husband. "
4. Du Mu, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, commented in a Gong Fangfu: "The heart of one person is the heart of ten thousand people. Qin loves luxury and people are homesick.
What can we do? We use it like sand ... everyone dares to speak and be angry. The single husband's heart is getting more and more arrogant.
..... Destroy six countries, but not Qin; Qin is also a Qin family, not the world. Hey, honey! Make the six countries love each other, enough to refuse Qin; Let the state of Qin love the six countries again, and give it to three generations to be king forever. Who wins and who dies? Qin people feel sorry for themselves, and later people mourn for them; Later generations grieved, failed to learn from it, and let future generations mourn for future generations. "
6. Which poem evaluates Qin Shihuang most justly? Why is the evaluation of Qin Shihuang still a controversial issue from Qin's death to today? Some people praised him as "an emperor through the ages" (Li Zhi's Book Collection Volume II Catalogue); Some people say that Qin Shihuang "is not as good as the dragon, although he is the fourth or sixth emperor" (Zhang Taiyan's Qin Zhengji); Some people praised Qin Shihuang's reunification cause: "Qin is the master of sweeping Liuhe, and I want to see it!" (Li Zi's "Qin Wang Sweeps Liuhe") Qin has changed because it is a system and a public system; Their feelings, private, private their own prestige, private their ministers and livestock to me. However, the end of the public world began in the Qin Dynasty. (Liu Zongyuan's feudalism) They all spoke highly of Qin Shihuang's achievements and affirmed his role in history. They are great historical figures. Others cursed Qin Shihuang for "being greedy for perfection" and "taking tyranny as the beginning of the world" (Jia Yi's New Works of Qin); "The first emperor was tyrannical until his son died" (Volume 8 of Zhenguan dignitaries); "The first emperor was resolute and willing to take punishment as a threat. He is a full-time jailer, and he is lucky to be bored and bored at home "(quoted from Chen's Old News of National History). They all denounced the cruelty of Qin Shihuang's rule and were tyrants. These viewpoints all have some truth, but they are also one-sided because of the different positions and starting points of commentators.
The evaluation of Qin Shihuang has always been mixed.
Qin Wang swept Liuhe
Lipper
The king of Qin swept Liuhe, eyeing, He Xiongzai! Swords make clouds, and princes come to the West.
Judging from the apocalypse, it can generally drive a group of talents. Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward.
Gong Ming will benefit from the mountains and look at Langya Taiwan. 700,000 torturers set out from Mount Li.
It's sad to be at a loss about taking the elixir of life. Even crossbows can shoot marine fish. The long whale is Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like five mountains, and the waves are thundering. Why does Tibet want to see Penglai?
When will Xu Shi's boat carrying A Qin girl come back? But see three springs, golden coffin buried cold ashes.
This is the third of Li Bai's 59 ancient poems. The poem begins with praising Qin Shihuang's great talent and achievements in unifying China, and then satirizes his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals. According to "Nine Years of Tongzhi Jiantianbao", Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and sought longevity". Li Bai's poem seems to be written for Xuanzong's quest for immortality, which uses ancient metaphors to describe the present and Qin Shihuang to satirize Xuanzong.
7. Which poem evaluates Qin Shihuang most justly? Why the evaluation of Qin Shihuang is still a controversial issue from the death of Qin until today.
Some people praised him as "an emperor through the ages" (Li Zhi's Book Collection Volume II Catalogue); Some people say that Qin Shihuang "is not as good as the dragon, although he is the fourth or sixth emperor" (Zhang Taiyan's Qin Zhengji); Some people praised Qin Shihuang's reunification cause: "Qin is the master of sweeping Liuhe, and I want to see it!" (Li Zi's "Qin Wang Sweeps Liuhe") Qin has changed because it is a system and a public system; Their feelings, private, private their own prestige, private their ministers and livestock to me. However, the end of the public world began in the Qin Dynasty.
(Liu Zongyuan's feudalism) They all spoke highly of Qin Shihuang's achievements and affirmed his role in history. They are great historical figures. Others cursed Qin Shihuang for "being greedy for perfection" and "taking tyranny as the beginning of the world" (Jia Yi's New Works of Qin); "The first emperor was tyrannical until his son died" (Volume 8 of Zhenguan dignitaries); "The first emperor was resolute and willing to take punishment as a threat. He is a full-time jailer, and he is lucky to be bored and bored at home "(quoted from Chen's Old News of National History).
They all denounced the cruelty of Qin Shihuang's rule and were tyrants. These viewpoints all have some truth, but they are also one-sided because of the different positions and starting points of commentators.
The evaluation of Qin Shihuang has always been mixed. The king of Qin swept Li Liuhe and Wang Baiqin swept Liuhe, eyeing He Xiongzai! Swords make clouds, and princes come to the West.
Judging from the apocalypse, it can generally drive a group of talents. Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward.
Gong Ming will benefit from the mountains and look at Langya Taiwan. 700,000 torturers set out from Mount Li.
It's sad to be at a loss about taking the elixir of life. Even crossbows can shoot marine fish. The long whale is Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like five mountains, and the waves are thundering. Why does Tibet want to see Penglai? When will Xu Shi's boat carrying Miss Qin return? But see three springs, golden coffin buried cold ashes.
This is the third of Li Bai's 59 ancient poems. The poem begins with praising Qin Shihuang's great talent and achievements in unifying China, and then satirizes his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals.
According to "Nine Years of Tongzhi Jiantianbao", Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and sought longevity". Li Bai's poem seems to be written for Xuanzong's quest for immortality, which uses ancient metaphors to describe the present and Qin Shihuang to satirize Xuanzong.
8. Poems by Ying Zheng, King of Qin, Qin Shihuang Ying Zheng
Life is like mustard, building a tomb and burning books is cool;
Take good advice and abolish the county system.
Note: He built the Great Wall, built houses, built tombs, burned books and buried Confucianism, practiced a cruel and tyrannical policy, and treated his subjects like servants. Some people call him the first tyrant in the world. He swept the six countries, unified the whole country, abolished the enfeoffment system, bought counties, unified measurement and coins, books in the same language and cars on the same track, and created legislation, which lasted for two thousand years and made great contributions. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that he is cruel, heartless and indifferent to human life, but he is insightful and generous. He is such a mysterious figure.
When he was awake for the sixth time, he made a long-term plan to conquer space, swallowed it for two weeks and died. He followed the supreme law, made Liuhe, and beat up the world, making him powerful to the world. -Jia Yi's writing is so heroic.
The king of Qin swept Liuhe, eyeing, He Xiongzai! Swing a sword and hit the clouds, and the princes will come to the West. -Li Bai's poems are very nice.
A letter thousands of miles away is just a wall. Why not let him go three feet? The Great Wall of Wan Li is here today, but I didn't see Qin Shihuang.
-forget the author, it should be written by an official of the Ming dynasty.
Cherish Qin Huang Hanwu, slightly lost literary talent, Tang Zong Song Zu, slightly less coquettish ... A generation of Tianjiao Genghis Khan, only know how to shoot an eagle with a bow! -Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Spring/Snow"
I often hear about Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Guan and Qin Shihuang. All good fairy skills will not last long. Sand dunes have disappeared since the gold platform was destroyed. Maoling and Li Yue have vast grasslands today. Three hundred and thirty-three Hanshan poems
Liuhe has been swept, why is there an underground army? The war zone is full of rest, and the dream is shocking. The deer is fascinated by horses, and the corpse stinks. With the first-hand help, there is no miracle in the world ode of Qin Shihuang's terracotta warriors and horses.
9. Which poem is the most fair evaluation of Qin Shihuang? Reading Feudal Theory was handed over to Lao Guo-Mao Zedong.
I advise you to scold Qin Shihuang less and discuss the reasons for burning the pit.
Although the ancestors died, Qin still exists, and ten batches are not good articles.
All generations are good at Zheng, and the scientific name of Confucius is Gao Shi Pi Bran.
Be familiar with the feudal theory of the Tang Dynasty, and don't return to King Wen from zihou.
Before Qin Shihuang, many of the princes in China's history were hereditary. After Qin Shihuang found it impossible to enfeoffment princes, he implemented the county system, opened up a centralized feudal social system, abolished the hereditary system of local political power, and opened a precedent for power exploitation to break away from hereditary system. This is the greatest thing in the history of China, and it is the credit of Qin Shihuang. Emperors (even those who spoke ill of Qin Shihuang) have always used this system.
Mao Zedong said that many of Confucius' words were good words, and now they all look good. But in the real world, he can't handle that complicated contradiction, and he can't solve practical problems. So it's all bullshit again! Farmers rose up in the past dynasties, and the ruling class fought for power and profit and replaced the emperor. When they rebelled, they all criticized Confucius. Why? Because Confucius said that a monarch, a monarch, a minister and a minister cannot oppose a monarch. If you want to rebel and replace the emperor, you have to violate Confucius' Confucianism, and he must criticize Confucius, otherwise the teacher will be anonymous and rebel unreasonably. So all previous dynasties were ruled by the king of Qin. In fact, Confucius' scientific name is high and solid. To rise up and rebel, we must criticize Confucius. In our words, when you are a revolutionary party, you should criticize Confucius. When you are in power, you should respect Confucius to consolidate your position. Now Confucius is no longer Kong Qiu himself, and the ruling classes of past dynasties have dressed him up. According to the needs of rulers, in Lu Xun's words, the way of Confucius and Mencius is that emperors and scholars dressed Confucius up, and they used this idea to bind rulers, which is a tool of ideological autocracy. We, * * * party member, started by criticizing Confucius, but we must never go their way, criticizing first and respecting later. Only by combining Confucius' thoughts with those of ordinary people can we consolidate our position and fall into the strange circle of history. This is unacceptable. If the * * * production party has reached the point where it can't rule itself, or has encountered difficulties, please bring Confucius back, which means that you are almost finished (that is, you will lose the ruling position of the ruling party).
Mao Zedong also said: All reactionary classes advocating historical retrogression respect Confucius and oppose the law, and they are all against Qin Shihuang.