Wang Yue
What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is!
Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen.
The creator endowed all the mysterious nature here with elegance,
And then what? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. ..
Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy,
Birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes ..
Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see,
All the other mountains are dwarfed under the sky. ..
About the author: Du Fu (7 12 ~ 770), with beautiful words, was originally from Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei), and his great-grandfather moved to Gongxian (now Gongyi, Henan). When Du Fu was young, he was in the heyday of Kaiyuan, and had three ten-year roaming lives, covering Qilu and other places in wuyue. At the age of twenty-four, I went to Luoyang to take the Jinshi exam, and I came last. At the age of 36, Xuanzong ordered all the elders with skills in the world to take the exam in Chang 'an, and Du Fu took the exam again. Due to the obstruction of traitor Li, he was not admitted. Later, he presented three gifts to Xuanzong and poems to dignitaries, but to no avail. It was not until the eve of the Anshi Rebellion that a small official was appointed to manage the armory. Immediately after the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Xuanzong fled to Sichuan, Chang 'an fell, and Du Fu was captured by the rebels and trapped in Chang 'an. After fleeing alone, he defected to Tang Suzong, acceded to the throne in Fengxiang, and was appointed Zuo Shiyi. Soon after, he was rescued by Prime Minister Zhang Gao because of an accident in saving housing management insurance, and was dismissed. The following year, due to the famine in Shanhaiguan, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Shu with his family. He worked as a thrifty adviser to the Yanwu shogunate and was also the foreign minister of the Ministry of Industry. After Yanwu's death, Du Fu sailed eastward, wandering in Kuizhou and Tanzhou, and finally died on the waterway from Changsha to Yueyang.
Writing background: This poem was written by Du Fu when he was roaming Qi and Zhao in his youth. It describes the magnificent scenery of Mount Tai and the novel feeling of climbing Sun Mountain. Yue and Dai Zong both refer to Mount Tai here.
Appreciation: the poem begins with a question, and it has been heard of the name of Mount Tai for a long time and has never been experienced. For a young poet who is "dissolute between Zhao and Qi, and autumn horse is quite crazy", his desire to explore victory is self-evident. This question tells the whole story and leads to the following real-life answer. Once on board, the majesty of Mount Tai is still amazing, only to see a piece of indigo, which seems to be all over Qilu, setting off the majestic peaks with a very broad vision, which is also the real feeling when climbing and overlooking. Mount Tai is not only tall and majestic, but also has beautiful peaks, which makes people feel that nature seems to consciously focus all the wonders on Mount Tai. After the poet climbed the Sunview Peak, it was just the sunrise in the east. At this time, the southeast of the peak has been brilliant, but the northwest of the peak is still dark and vague. The poet stands on the peak and feels the two worlds of "faintness" and "dawn" at the same time, which is a strange feeling only when he climbs the peak of the Sun View. A word "zhong" indicates that the poet has entered the intersection of beauty, and a word "qie" indicates that the poet is standing at the dividing point of yin and yang, and his words are wonderful and precise. After watching the sunrise, the poet looked at the peaks and valleys, and the clouds in the mountains seemed to be born from his chest. He opened his eyes wide and looked around, only to see the birds returning to the mountains seem to fly straight into his eyes. This is also a unique feeling that people only have in the mountains. At the same time, the birds returning to the mountains show that the poet is still wandering at dusk. As dusk grew, the poet had to go down the mountain to end his tour, but he could only promise the expectation of "seeing once he got to the top", so as to extend the tour with the expectation of traveling again, making it poetic and memorable. The peak refers to the Jade Emperor Peak of Mount Tai. Because the poet only climbed the Sun Peak this time, he didn't have time to climb the Jade Emperor Peak of Mount Tai, so he left this expectation.
Climbing Yueyang Tower
I've always heard that Dongting Lake,
Now I finally climbed the tower.
My east is Wu, and my south is Chu.
I can see the endless floating of heaven and earth.
But my relatives and friends didn't give me news,
I am old and sick, and I am alone with my boat.
There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall.
How can I not cry by the railing? .
Writing background: In his later years, Du Fu was already a "southwest man wandering between heaven and earth", and had no fixed place to live, so he had to "take a boat as his home". Therefore, it continued: "But I didn't get any news from my relatives or friends. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat." Friends and relatives don't even hear from them at this time, only the old and sick poet is drifting around in a gondola! From here, we can understand what kind of artistic conception the first two sentences "I've heard about Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I've finally climbed this tower" originally contained.
Appreciation: This poem is praised for its broad and magnificent artistic conception, which comes from the poet's ambition, the poet's life thought and the role of the background of the times. In the early Qing Dynasty, Huang Sheng commented on this poem, to the effect that the first four sentences of this poem are so broad and broad, and the fifth and sixth sentences describe his life experience, which is so desolate and lonely, and the artistic conception of the poem suddenly becomes narrow from broad. In this way, it is difficult to arrange seven or eight sentences. Unexpectedly, the poet suddenly wrote the words "there are wars and mountains on the north side of this wall". This kind of mind, coupled with the above "I have Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and I can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth" to write about the magnificent weather of nature, can well set off the top-down and commensurate weight. The genius created in this way certainly overwhelmed future generations, and no one dared to write poems about Yueyang Tower any more.
Looking for flowers by the river alone
Huang Si's maiden is full of flowers,
Thousands of flowers bent the branches.
Butterflies have been dancing,
Charming songbirds sing freely.
Writing background: Du Fu, a poet in the first year of Shangyuan (AD 760) in Tang Suzong, lived in Chengdu, Sichuan, and built a thatched cottage beside Huanhuaxi in the western suburbs. He has a temporary residence and feels more comfortable. In the spring season, he walked alone by the river to enjoy the flowers and wrote a set of seven-line quatrains, the sixth of which.
Appreciation: The first sentence, "Huang Si's maiden is full of flowers", points out the place to find flowers. A "path" is a path. "Flowers are all over the path" means that many flowers cover the path and connect it. The second sentence is "a thousand flowers are low." "A hundred flowers blossom" describes a large number. The words "pressure" and "low" in "Pressing branches low" are used very aptly and vividly, vividly depicting the dense, large and numerous flowers in spring, which bend the branches. This sentence is the embodiment of the word "full" in the previous sentence The third sentence, "There is a butterfly dance". "Linglian" describes butterflies flying around and reluctant to leave. Write the bright fragrance of spring flowers from the side. In fact, the poet was also attracted by colorful spring flowers and stayed. The fourth sentence is "Jiao Ying chirps". "Jiao" is a description of Ying Ge's softness and roundness. "Chen Wenjing Ti" means that when the poet came to enjoy the flowers, the oriole was singing. Just because the poet was happy, he took it for granted that oriole sang for himself. This is the same as the previous sentence, saying that butterflies are attached to spring flowers, which is empathy. Because the poet successfully used this technique to integrate things with me and create a scene, this little poem is more intimate and interesting to read.
Li Bai-
Climb the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing.
Phoenix once performed here, so this place is named after them.
Now abandon it in this desolate river.
The path of Wu Palace was twisted and twisted by weeds.
Gold's clothes are ancient dust.
Three and a half mountains fall out of the sky,
Bailuzhou is divided into one water.
It's always because clouds can cover the sun,
Hide his city from my melancholy heart.
About the author: Li Bai (70 1 ~ 762) is a native of Ji Cheng, Longxi (near Tianshui, Gansu). Live less in Shu, study and study. At the age of twenty-five, he traveled to Sichuan and lived in Luxian County. Traveling in Chang 'an, seeking fame, but returning to the east. At the beginning of Tianbao, he was summoned to Beijing to worship the Hanlin. Soon he was exiled to Beijing and wandered around. An Shi Rebellion entered the military curtain of Li Lin in Wang Yong; And Wang Yong was killed by Su Zong. Because of his participation, he was imprisoned and exiled to Yelang. In case of forgiveness, he returned to the East Palace and died at the behest of Li. Bai Juyi, another poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem, "But the poet is the most unlucky, and he will be reduced to nothing like a king", which is a portrayal of his lonely and sad life experience. However, he reflected reality with romantic poems, described mountains and rivers, expressed lofty aspirations and sang lofty sentiments, thus becoming a great poet with eternal light.
Writing background: Chang 'an, the former capital of Jin Dynasty, crossed south after Yongjia Rebellion, and Jinyuan Imperial City was changed to Jinling. Similar to the Tang Dynasty, the prince was forced to be located in Lingwu because of the Anshi rebellion. Therefore, the last two sentences of Li Bai's poem "Clouds Cover the Sun" also refer to the fact that Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty favored Yang Guifei and Yang Guo Zhong and abandoned state affairs, which led to the Anshi Rebellion and Chang 'an fell into the hands of the conference semifinals. Li Bai wrote this poem purely out of nostalgia for the past, which made him think of cherishing the monarch. He felt sorry for the villain's slanderous remarks. He boarded the Phoenix Tower, but he couldn't see Chang 'an. He has been writing this poem for some time, but he has no intention of competing with Cui Hao for victory. Their theories of winning are all attached by later generations.
Baidi City was released in advance.
Say goodbye to Bai Di,
Thousands of miles in Jiangling, one day.
Apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait kept crying.
The canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man.
Writing background: Four years before Li Bai wrote this poem (that is, 755 AD), the "An Shi Rebellion" which shocked the Tang Dynasty empire broke out. In this war, the then Tang Xuanzong was forced to flee to Sichuan. Later, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty passed the throne to his son Hengli, who was later Tang Suzong. Soon, Tang Suzong's younger brother Wang Yong Lilin also began to compete with Tang Suzong for the throne. At that time, Li Bai lived in Lushan Mountain in seclusion and didn't know the inside story. Out of enthusiasm for serving his country, he joined the Wang Yong shogunate. In 758, Wang Yong was suppressed, and Li Bai was also implicated. He was imprisoned in Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) and sentenced to long-term exile in Yelang (now Tongzi, Guizhou). The following year, I went west to Wushan and was forgiven. I took a boat back to Jiangling from Baidicheng. I wrote this poem on the way to express the poet's great happiness after being forgiven.
Appreciation: This poem expresses the joy of the poet's return after being forgiven by describing the lightness of sailing and the endless cries of apes on both sides of the river. Poetry is lively and unrestrained; The language is simple and natural, just like clear water hibiscus, which freely expresses the poet's relaxed and happy mood.
Look at Lushan Waterfall
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
Flying down from 3,000 feet,
Winning is the Milky Way that has fallen for nine days.
Writing background: In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (AD 756), that is, in June of the second year of Anshi Rebellion, Li Bai came to Lushan Mountain near the Yangtze River from Xuancheng, Anhui Province, and stayed until the end of this year, just to serve Li? I spent summer, autumn and winter in Lushan Mountain, and I wrote twenty-four poems.
Appreciation: Since the publication of Li Bai's Poems on Lushan Mountain, many poets still take Lushan Mountain as the object of description, but few people specialize in the study of Lushan Waterfall. This is not difficult to predict. If someone really writes the same subject again, it takes a lot of courage. But there is really a poet who doesn't care about Li Bai's fame and writes correctly. These are other poems by Xu Ning and Lushan Waterfall in the middle Tang Dynasty. The full text of Xu is as follows: "Void falls." "As long as flying in vain, a boundary breaks the green hills." Compared with Li Bai's poems, it is indeed much worse. However, the couplets of "eternal practice flies like white, and a broken castle peak" have been praised and criticized by later generations, especially by Zhang Hu. But Su Shi, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, hated this. He also wrote a poem, "The Emperor sent the Milky Way down, and there is an immortal saying in ancient times." "I don't want to wash my bad poems with Xu Ning because I know how much I spilled."
Wangtianmen mountain
Tianmen interrupted the opening of the Chu River,
Higashi Shimizu flow by this time.
Green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite.
Lonely sails come from the sun.
Writing background: This poem was written in the 13th year of Kaiyuan, and it is even more meaningless to say that it was written on the way to Jiangdong in Dangtu in 2000.
Appreciation: a word "Wang" dominates the whole poem, including hyperopia (the first two sentences) and myopia (three or four sentences); Look at the mountains and water. It depicts the magnificent scenery, permeates the poet's unrestrained feelings, and makes us feel the conciseness of the language prominently.
This is a landscape poem. The author didn't directly expound the philosophy or express his feelings, but the readers have already felt his fiery feelings from the poet's praise of mountains and rivers.
Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou from Yellow Crane Tower.
My old friend resigned from the Yellow Crane Tower,
Fireworks fell in Yangzhou in March.
Lonely sails, distant shadows, blue sky,
Only the Yangtze River flows in the sky.
Writing background: In the spring and March of 730 AD, Li Bai learned that Meng Haoran was going to Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu), so he sent a letter to meet Meng Haoran in Jiangxia (now Wuchang, Wuhan). On this day, they met at the Yellow Crane Tower in Jiangxia, had a good talk and expressed their opinions. A few days later, Meng Haoran took a boat to the east, and Li Bai personally sent it to the river. When the ship left, Li Bai stood on the riverbank, watching the lonely sail drifting away, and his feelings of melancholy came to life, so he waved the song "Yellow Crane Tower, Don't be Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou".
Appreciation: The first sentence points out that the farewell place is the Yellow Crane Tower, and the second sentence points out that the farewell time is in March when spring is blooming, which also implies that this beautiful fireworks will accompany friends all the way to Yangzhou. Yangzhou was a prosperous city at that time. It must be full of flowers and spring. The last two sentences convey feelings, and the poet entrusts the feeling of parting between the blue sky and the river. Although his writing is exhausted, it is memorable and can be called a farewell masterpiece.