The original text of three poems on the embankment:
The wine flags look at each other at the head of the embankment, and there are poles at the bottom of the embankment and up the embankment. At dusk, pedestrians are rushing to cross the river, and the sound of oars fills the middle stream.
Looking at the misty waves from the south of the Yangtze River to the north, pedestrians sing in response at night. The peach leaves express love, the bamboo branches express resentment, the water flow is infinite, and the moon shines brightly.
The long embankment lingers around the water, and the wine houses, flags and pavilions are opened one after another. In the evening, he went out from the curtain to attract customers, and Ke'e came with his big boat and lowered sails. Translation and annotation of three poems on the embankment
Translation The wine flags are facing each other on the top of the embankment, boats are getting off the embankment and the boats are connected, and upstairs and downstairs are on the embankment. It was getting late, and pedestrians were rushing to cross the river. The sound of oars was faint, and the boats were full of boats.
From the south of the Yangtze River to the north, we look at the waves and mist of the river. At night, travelers are still singing antiphonal songs by the riverside. "Peach Leaf Song" expresses love, and "Bamboo Branch Ci" tells sadness. The water flow and moonlight are endless, just like the endless emotions in the songs.
The long embankment is winding, the water in the embankment is lingering, and the wine houses, flags and pavilions are lined up one after another. In the evening, apricot curtains were put out to attract customers, and the tall ship lowered its sails and stopped at the shore.
Note: Qiang: originally refers to the mast on which the sail is hung, and by extension means a ship. Youya (ya): the sound of paddling. Midstream: In the current. Yanbo: smoky water surface. Taoye: the name of a Yuefu song. The 45th volume of "Yuefu Poetry Anthology" quotes "Ancient and Modern Music Records" as saying: "The Peach Leaf Singer was composed by Prince Jing of Jin Dynasty. Peach Leaf, the name of his concubine, was given by the prince, and he sang it because of his deep love." ("Peach Leaf Singer") "Ye Song" was written by Wang Zijing of the Jin Dynasty. Tao Ye was the name of Wang Zijing's concubine. Because of his deep love, he sang about her.) "Yuefu Poetry Collection" contains four "Peach Leaf Songs" without the author's name. It belongs to Wu Sheng's songs and should be Jiangnan folk songs. This refers to popular folk songs expressing love. Bamboo Branch Complaint: "Bamboo Branch Ci" expresses sorrow. Zhuzhi Ci is a poetic style that evolved from the folk songs of ancient Bashu and Shu. Liu Yuxi turned the folk songs into a literary style of poetry. There are some love songs among these folk songs, but most of them express resentment. The Kuizhou area is the hometown of Zhuzhi Ci. Yueming: moonlight. Order: order. One by one. Ke'e: He looks tall. Appreciation of Three Poems on the Embankment
These are three sketches of the lives of residents along the river.
The first poem: Fighting for the ferry at dusk
At the head of the embankment, wine and flags face each other, and under the embankment there are many boats, with rafts and oars connected to each other. "Wine flags facing each other" describes the large number of restaurants, indicating the frequent trade exchanges here. It can be imagined that this riverside pier is a lively place with dense population and gathering of customers; wine flags are fluttering in the wind on the wide embankment, giving people A strong appeal, full of worldly and humane life atmosphere. "Down the embankment and up the embankment with poles and poles going up the stairs" embodies intention and inadvertence. The imagery is simple, the language is simple, and there is no trace of carving. The chaotic and orderly and vibrant scene on the embankment suddenly appears in front of you. The first two lines of the poem show readers the complete background of the Jiangnan water town genre paintings. They were written in this way for "Pedestrians rushing to cross the river at dusk".
The third and fourth sentences describe the close-up scene, enhance the sense of the picture, and draw a vivid and realistic picture of the evening ferry by the river. "Pedestrians rushing to cross the river at dusk" first points out the time, and then the words "fight" and "hurry" convey in concise language the expressions and eagerness of the riverside residents who are busy crossing the river. The poet speculates on the hearts of others from the perspective of a bystander, but does not directly depict the hearts of others, but reveals them in the seemingly unintentional description of objective scenery. "The sound of oars fills the middle stream" is a sentence that describes the scenery and imitates the sound. It does not describe the noise of human voices. It only uses the onomatopoeia "youga" to highlight the sound of oars and describes the shuttle boats and the intense work of the boatmen. The "fighting to overcome the emergency" is fully written, and the artistic conception and poetic taste are both good, making people feel as if they are personally there.
The poet is very good at capturing images of life: wine flags, balconies, rafters and oars, people fighting for the crossing, the sound of oars, the movement and stillness complement each other, and the picture is vivid, blending poetry and painting together, and making the poem more vivid. Poems are depicted as sound pictures. However, both the pictures and the emotions within them break through the traditional conventions of describing scenery. They are novel in conception, skillful in technique, clear and natural in style, and exude the poetic beauty of worldly human feelings.
The second song: Antiphon on a Moonlit Night
It focuses on describing the customs and customs on both sides of the Yangtze River, with strong local characteristics. The first two sentences summarize the antiphon on a moonlit night: the moon shines on the cold river, looking at each other across the river in the night, with misty waves. The word "smoke wave" describes the misty night and the river view at night very beautifully. After describing the static scenery, he then wrote about the endless stream of pedestrians on both sides of the long embankment, and the singing one after another, in harmony with each other, breaking the silence of the quiet night. This scene is grand and majestic.
What kind of song they sang? The poet summarized it in the third sentence: ""Peach Leaf" expresses feelings and "Bamboo Branches" resents." They are all folk songs that the people of Bashan Chushui love to sing. "Peach Leaf Song" expresses love, and "Bamboo Branch Ci" expresses sorrow. It is conceivable that for the poet who was relegated and beaten, this song will naturally arouse his own "emotion" and "resentment", which is also "contemplative". "Whispering" place. The conclusion of the poem is sublime and very artistic. "The water is infinite and the moon is bright" is a description of the scene before you: the water and moonlight are endless, which fits the riverside and the night. It is also a metaphor, using the infinity of flowing water and moonlight to compare the infinity of "love" and "resentment" in the song, visualizing the singer's feelings.
This poem uses vision to describe hearing. Running water and moonlight contain both flowing momentum and bright colors. This can be seen with the eyes and is a visual experience; but beautiful and moving songs can also give people People's flexible and smooth artistic feelings, both (referring to vision and hearing) can cause "synaesthesia". This kind of description creates a beautiful artistic realm and produces good aesthetic effects. The whole poem is a perfect blend of scenery and lyricism, with deep and sincere feelings and beautiful and moving scenery.
The third song: Restaurants welcome guests
The long embankment winds around, the river lingers, and the restaurants on the embankment are lined up one after another. The afterglow is lingering, the apricot curtains are fluttering, and the merchants' big ships are coming with lowered sails. This poem abandons carvings and uses pure line drawings to depict the vitality of the dock and the frequent traffic of ships in a real, vivid and natural way.
In short, these three poems have vivid images, harmonious tones, fresh and meaningful, and picturesque descriptions; they have a strong local flavor and a rich flavor of life, which are the results of Liu Yuxi's study of folk songs. The creative background of "Three Poems on the Dike"
"Three Poems on the Dike" was probably written when Liu Yuxi was appointed governor of Kuizhou and then governor of Hezhou, that is, from 822 AD (the second year of Changqing) to 824 AD (Changqing). four years). In the Tang Dynasty, the embankment was a place where businessmen and travelers gathered, so it was a very bustling and lively place with lots of entertainment, singing, singing and drinking, and people traveling from north to south. Everywhere he goes, learning local folk songs, incorporating them into his own poetry creation, or describing local customs and customs is a major advantage of Liu Yuxi. This type of poetry occupies a large proportion in his poetry creation. This poem describes a common scene on the embankment in the evening. It uses extremely ordinary shots to describe scenes of secular life. The language is simple and natural, without any false embellishment, but full of human touch. It makes people feel a strong sense of life when reading it. The things described, such as wine flags, boats and oars, pedestrians, the sound of oars, etc., are all common life objects. People's activities also seem to be an unmodified picture of life on the levee. But poets can turn such ordinary things into poetry. This attitude of writing poetry derived from and refining life makes Liu Yuxi's poetry present a unique style.
Poetry works: Three Lines on the Embankment Poetry Author: Liu Yuxi, Tang Dynasty Poetry Category: Riverside, Residents, Life, Poems