Tang Han 'ao
Spring city is full of flowers,
Cold food, east wind and willows.
At sunset, in the Han Palace, people distribute candles.
Light smoke scattered into Wuhou mansion.
words explanation
H: Fly.
Spring City: Chang 'an City in late spring.
Cold food: In ancient Tomb-Sweeping Day, two days before the festival and three days after the fire, only cold food was eaten, so it was called cold food. Imperial willow: willow in the imperial garden, willow in the imperial city.
Han Palace: This refers to the officials of the Tang Dynasty. Passing candles: It is forbidden to light a fire during the Cold Food Festival, but dignitaries and slaves can get gifts from the emperor and get candles to burn. "Tang Nianji" "Take the fire of elm willow on Qingming Day as a gift to the near minister".
Five Marquis: Wang Tan, Wang Shang, Wang Li, Wang Gen and Wang Wu were named the Empresses of Han Dynasty, all of whom were Marquis and received special treatment. Here generally refers to the close minister of the son of heaven.
Make an appreciative comment
At the beginning, "Spring City is full of flowers". "Spring City" refers to Chang 'an, the capital of spring. "Flying flowers", that is, petals fall in succession, indicating the late spring season. "Everywhere", with a double negative constitute affirmation, and then write the whole Chang 'an catkin dancing, falling red countless' charming spring scenery'. The second sentence, "Cold food, east wind and willow slanting", is about the scenery of the palace garden. "Imperial willow" refers to the willow in the imperial garden. At that time, it was a custom to break the willow door during the Cold Food Festival, and on Qingming Day, the emperor also issued a decree to give the fire of elm willow as a gift to the recent minister to show his favor. Therefore, people specially cut the "imperial willow" fluttering in the wind in the infinite spring.
The first two sentences of the poem are written during the day, and the last two sentences are written at night: "When the sun sets, candles are passed in the Han Palace, and light smoke is scattered into the Wuhou House." Sunset is evening. "Han Palace" refers to the imperial palace in the Tang Dynasty. "Five Hou" generally refers to five eunuchs who were sealed on the same day in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Here, the Han Dynasty is used as a metaphor for the Tang Dynasty, alluding to eunuchs who have been favored by the emperor since the middle Tang Dynasty. Every family can't make a fire on the Cold Food Festival, but the palace is an exception. Before dark, the palace was busy distributing candles. In addition to the palace, your near minister can also get this favor. The poem vividly depicts a picture of candles passing by at night with "passing" and "scattering", which makes people see the light of candles and smell the faint smoke. It is a long-standing custom in China to ban fire from cold food, but powerful ministers can make an exception and place candles. The poet made a euphemistic satire on this corrupt political phenomenon.
This poem is good at selecting typical themes, quoting appropriate allusions and satirizing eunuch spoil and autocratic corruption. Although the style of writing is exquisite, readers can still understand the theme of the poem under the hint of historical allusions and the confirmation of the social situation in the middle Tang Dynasty.
author
Han Yi, a poet in Tang Dynasty. The word Junping was born in Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan). He is one of the "Top Ten Talents in Dali". Tianbao 13 (754) was admitted as a scholar. Baoying once served in the shogunate, our ambassador to Ziqing, and then Hou returned to Korea and lived in Chang 'an for ten years. When Jian 'an was in middle age, he was appreciated for his poem "Cold Food" and was promoted to the position of a Chinese calligrapher. Han Yi's poems were light in brushwork and unique in scenery, and were widely read at that time.