The first two lyric narratives of this poem show the spirit of being bold and free and easy in infinite emotion. On the one hand, parting is sad. After all, after living in Beijing for many years, old friends are like clouds and the past is like smoke. On the other hand, parting is easy and pleasant. After all, I have escaped the shackles and can go back to the outside world to do other things. In this way, the sadness of parting and the joy of returning are intertwined, both "mighty parting" and "whipping the East"; There is daylight, the west and the vast horizon. These two paintings complement each other and make each other interesting, which is a true portrayal of the poet's mood that day.
In China's classical poems, poets often like to regard the sunset as a natural phenomenon, a fleeting symbol of youth, to express the pain of lovesickness or parting. Whining the whip eastward means the end of the world. "Singing Whip" refers to the poet's whip, and "East Finger" refers to the destination of this trip-hometown (Zhejiang). "Tianya" is still far from home. Where the whip is raised, the ends of the earth are in front, farther and farther away from the capital. In the Yuan Dynasty, Ma Zhiyuan wrote Qiu Si in Jing Tian Sand: "Old vines and old trees are faint crows, and small bridges and flowing water make people. The ancient road and the west wind are thin. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world. " Gong Zizhen's multi-level description method is similar to Ma Zhiyuan's "When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world". It's just that Gong Zizhen's "whip refers to the East, which means the end of the world" does not directly say that he is a "heartbroken person".
Arguably, Gong Zizhen was dissatisfied with the lifeless life of the government of the Ministry of Rites, and resolutely resigned as the director of the Ministry of Rites, ready to go back to his hometown of Hangzhou to do something, leaving the capital alone. There was only a sense of breaking with the old forces and hatred, and there should be no mighty sadness. Liu Zao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the The Journey to the West: "Crossing mulberry dry water for no reason, but looking forward to Bingzhou as my hometown." He said that because he moved to a farther place, even the guest house became his hometown. The difference is that although Gong Zizhen is a native of Renhe (now Hangzhou) in Zhejiang Province, he has lived in Beijing since childhood and worked as a Beijing official in the Ministry of Rites and other institutions for more than ten years. Beijing has long been his second hometown. Although Gong Zizhen took the initiative to resign, the reason for her resignation was objectively because she was trapped in shackles and lived in poverty. She had no choice but to leave Beijing and go out of the capital. Therefore, "Far Away from Sorrow" contains a little sigh of official career, helplessness and political and ideological loneliness. Gong Zizhen had a close relationship with Ling Xiao, a prostitute at that time. One tenth of the themes in Ji Hai's Miscellaneous Poems are related to Ling Xiao, and one of them says that he fell in love with "red as acacia and green as sorrow". Although Ling Xiao is not in the capital, in this case, it is difficult for him to bid farewell to his past life and reluctantly "leave his sorrow" with tears. It can be seen that the connotation of Gong Zizhen's "parting from sorrow" is rich, complicated and multifaceted.
Flowers flying at dusk dispelled the poet's sadness. Unfinished business, time flies, youth is gone forever, and the sun sets. I am out of Beijing this time and may not come back. As an expert in describing fallen flowers, poets love "exploring spring", "seeing off spring", flowers and perhaps watching them fall. He once said in "Song of Falling Flowers in the Western Suburb" that the flying begonia flowers are floating in the world. For example, Kunyang is invincible in the morning; If 84,000 heavenly daughters wash their faces, they pour rouge here. ""I also smell that the pure land is four inches deep, which is particularly charming in the dark. " Imagine, "There are endless flowers in Andrew's tree, and it takes 360 days for the flowers to bloom and fall after the rain clears. "He made so many wonderful metaphors about the fallen petal, but now, the poet suddenly feels like a fallen petal. After bidding farewell to Kyoto, the poet left the capital by carriage, unable to cope with the endless falling flowers, and launched a rich imagination. The struggle of officialdom, heavy atmosphere, suffocating humanity and poor life, the poet completely integrated his life experience with falling flowers.
"Falling red is not heartless, but turning into spring mud will protect flowers more." The poet turned from expressing his feelings of parting to expressing his ambition to serve the country. On the other hand, in Lu You's words: "Scattered into mud, crushed into dust, only the fragrance remains." Falling in love originally refers to the flowers blooming on the branches, but it is not something without feelings. Even if it turns into spring mud, it is willing to cultivate beautiful spring flowers to grow. Not for the unique fragrance, but to protect the flowers. It shows that although the poet is divorced from officialdom, he still cares about the fate of the country and never forgets his ambition to serve the country, so as to express his enthusiasm for caring for the country until his death. Fully express the poet's strong feelings and become a famous sentence handed down from generation to generation.
Falling flowers is by no means a heartless waste. The poet resigned from the director of the Ritual Department in order to go to his hometown to take charge of the academy, call his disciples to give lectures, pass on his studies and thoughts to the students, enlighten them with enthusiasm for change and vision for the future, and do his last bit for the country and the people. Flowers fall from their roots and turn into spring mud, which can breed a new spring, and the color and fragrance can be dedicated to the latecomers. Poets are inspired by endless laws of nature. In nature, flowers bloom and fall, which is caused by wind and rain, and there is no emotion at all. Falling in love can't be said to be a "sentient thing" or a "heartless thing". Only when the poet completely combines his life experience with the fallen flower and moves his feelings to the fallen flower can the fallen flower have human feelings and become a sentient thing. Falling flowers are affectionate, which is manifested in brewing a new colorful world-"turning into spring mud to protect flowers." At this point, the poet finally grasped the chaotic thoughts like flying flowers, got rid of his troubles, rose to a solemn and sacred realm, and had a sense of mission of the times. "Turning into spring mud to protect flowers more" is Hua Fei's loneliness, and it is also a solemn and sacred oath for the poet to break away from corrupt officialdom and fight against the dark forces. For the country and the people, for the flowers, I will devote myself to turning into spring mud.
This little poem combines political ambition with personal ambition, organically combines lyricism with discussion, and vividly expresses the poet's complex feelings. On poetry, Gong Zizhen once said that "poetry and people are one, there is no poetry outside people, and there is no one outside poetry" (Shu Tang Hai Qiu Poetry). His own creation is the best proof.