For writers, poets, etc. The sensuality is manifested in being able to see the details, see the big picture from a small place, and see the superficial meaning or development of events and characters. For painters and musicians, sensory enjoyment is manifested in the ability to express emotions with symbols. In short, the artist's senses are very sensitive to sound, light, color, shape, movement and words. In this respect, artists have a good ability of combination, association or empathy; Can form images and artistic conception. Impressionist composers are no exception. Their sensory enjoyment in impressionist music works is completely different from that in classical and romantic music works. Music works before Impressionism music have the following characteristics: 65,438+0, grasping the content 2, expressing the sense of order 3, giving priority to long lines (or events or emotions) 4, taking the balanced structure as the center of the work form 5, taking the color as the unit (the combination of tonal changes and structural functions) 6, showing poor performance of light, mainly through the contrast between light and shade (chord structure) 7, and decoration. But the sensibility of impressionist music is revolutionary, and the sensibility of impressionist music is essentially a kind of enthusiasm. First of all, the perceptual theme of impressionist music is to serve the form, and it is an artistic work created by a group of artists living in a fast-paced and highly tense environment full of mutations. The life of these artists is dominated by instantaneous power, so they think that change is more important than existence, so they always choose small things or little people that happen instantly in daily life as their subjects. These are all reflected in the works of impressionist artists. Such as Dance Class by Degas, the Boy Playing Piccolo by Henry Edward Manet, Bells Through Leaves, Goldfish, Sail and Footprints in Prelude by Debussy, an impressionist musician. The sensuality shown by these impressionist artists in their works was once dismissed as "the pursuit of sensuality and sensual enjoyment", but in fact, it is the impressionist artists who affirm life through their beautiful sensuality. Their works seem boring, but in fact they hide agitation.
The second manifestation of impressionism is that it is the most primitive sense, that is, it is not filtered by order perception, but a feeling. Impressionism pursues the separation of audio-visual perception and memory, avoids creating through memory, opposes apperception and pursues the feeling of non-integration. This is like Monet's childlike innocence oath in front of his teacher Budan at the age of 65,438+05: "I want to express my impression before the most perishable effect!" " These are all reflected in impressionist painting, mainly through the changes of light, shadow and color to capture fleeting impressions. In its heyday, the impressionist painter Monet painted nearly 30 works of Rouen Church, all of which were painted from the same angle except two from different angles. In this series of paintings called "big impression" because of its strong shock, Monet shows the rich expressions of this ancient Gothic building: in different times, seasons and climates, the colors on Monet's canvas become endless. Impressionist music is influenced by impressionist painting concepts. Impressionist musicians mainly use the changing timbre and sound to arouse the audience's current feelings, rather than being guided by the title to produce meaning. Therefore, impressionist music shows fog, clouds, air, light, fragrance and so on. All these are reflected in Debussy's piano music "Reflection in the Moon-Falling Temple", as well as the prelude collection "Dead Leaves", "Moonlight Full Court", "Fireworks", "Orchestral Music" and "The Sea".
Impressionist music is also influenced by symbolic poetry. Influenced by the aesthetic criterion of "the ideal of poetry" put forward by the French symbolist poet Malamei, that is, advocating "the need of suggestion, the observation of impression and the dream caused by the object", impressionist music not only shows a clear and fleeting impression, but also has a hazy feature, which is the feature of unconsciousness. For example, in Debussy's orchestral prelude "Afternoon of the Faun", the hazy, erratic and mysterious realm between reality and dreams.
From a more specific point of view, the sensibility of impressionist music is also manifested in the disappearance of long lines and the replacement of tiny curves, which is reflected in the composition of themes, the dilution of melodies, and the wide use of short sentence themes and motives in impressionist music works. For example, in Debussy's music works, due to the pursuit of musical fuzziness and the dilution of melody, he used a large number of non-melodic tone texture motives and truncated and condensed short sentence melodies to form music themes. One of the themes of his piano overture "Fairy in the Water" is the tone texture motivation and the left-handed tone motivation in Footprints in the Snow. These timbre motives constitute the mystery and mystery of impressionist music.
The color block disappears, replaced by color dots and color dots, which is also one of the sensibility of impressionist art, just like the yellow-green light spot projected on the naked woman's skin in Renoir's Naked Woman in the Sun, this feature in impressionist music works is mainly manifested in the harmony style and orchestral orchestration of impressionism. For example, in Debussy's music works, a large number of parallel four-and-five-degree melodies and sound layers, off-hill overlapping chords, scale longitudinal chords, compound chords and so on are used. He used medieval modes, pentatonic scales, diatonic scales and so on. Expand the major and minor modes, using the methods of tone sandhi, mode and tonality synthesis, tonality interruption and so on. Produce new modes and form the unique color harmony of impressionist music. The characteristics of impressionist orchestral language mainly focus on timbre processing. Impressionist composers' extreme sensitivity to color and preference for hints, metaphors and rainbow-like tone contrast make their acoustic modelling technique reflect their yearning and pursuit of mysterious "acoustic beauty". For example, they broke the previous situation that strings, woodwinds and copper pipes were "three pillars", and preferred to use the woodwinds in the middle and bass areas. The flute is Debussy's favorite, which is clearly reflected in his works such as Afternoon of the Faun. Impressionist composers also prefer to use pure timbre. In many impressionist works, the "color blocks" synthesized by different timbres are suddenly and alternately contrasted and often arranged according to the principle of "parallel connection". This orchestration method, which is characterized by the continuous flow of "parallel" sounds, reached its acme in Debussy's ballet music The Game. In impressionist music, the changes of musical instruments are very common, and the jumping of tones is greatly increased compared with previous music works. The timbre no longer forms a continuous line, but appears in the form of spots and color spots scattered in the texture, which is also reflected in Debussy's Games and other works.
Replacing perspective with lightness and darkness of color is another feature of impressionist art sense, which is embodied in the musical structure of impressionist music. For example, in Debussy's music works, "fluid running" and "block collage" have replaced the theme expansion mode, which has been the main method of structural development since classicism. First of all, the smooth operation is manifested in the way of "single statement structure", that is, the theme flows away after only one statement, and then it is connected with other music materials or directly collaged into comparative paragraphs. This method weakens the status of the theme, weakens the memorability of the theme, and makes the music gain an instant impression. " As Debussy said, his music "will never recover its true colors". This is reflected in his piano piece A Night in Granada and the overture Puri Mountain in Aarika. Another form of fluid operation is variation and development, which is different from traditional variation. In Debussy's works created by variation, specious similarities and differences such as theme, timbre, texture and harmony are often interwoven with variation, and the feelings of variation are almost the same, and the boundaries between variations are not clear, which is reflected in his works such as Afternoon of the Faun, His Orchestral Nocturnal No.3 and The Sea Demon.
In a word, the sensibility of impressionist art is revolutionary, and its essence is a kind of enthusiasm.
Therefore, the famous works are Prelude to the Pastoral Afternoon, Ravel and hungarian rhapsody.