Original text:
When you drink dew, you will hear the sound of dredging tung.
it's not the autumn wind that keeps you aloof.
Note:
① ruí: the knotted and drooping part of the ancient official hat, which also refers to the narrow mouth on the cicada's chin similar to the hat band.
② clear dew: pure dew. The ancients believed that cicadas lived by drinking dew, but in fact they sucked the juice of plants.
③ Flowing sound: refers to the continuous sound of cicada chirping.
④ jiè: By means of
Translation:
The cicada hangs down its tentacles like a hat band to drink the cool dew, and
the sweet cry spreads far and wide from the phoenix tree forest.
Because it stands high, the sound naturally travels far.
It is not borrowed from the autumn wind.
Appreciation:
The cicada described by the poet is a personalized cicada. Third, four sentences are lyrical by cicadas: those who are noble in character can become famous far and wide without the help of external forces.
In the first sentence, "hang down and drink clear dew", "hang down" is the drooping part of the hat band tied under the chin of the ancients. The cicada's head has protruding tentacles shaped like a drooping crown tassel, so it is called "hang down". The ancients thought that cicadas were noble in nature and lived high and drank dew, so they said "drink clear dew". On the surface, this sentence is about the shape and feeding habits of cicadas, but in fact it contains metaphor everywhere. "Hanging" implies the official status (in ancient times, "crown tassel" was often used to refer to your official). In the eyes of ordinary people, the status of this dignitary is contradictory or even incompatible with "Qing", but in the author's pen, they are unified in the image of "hanging down and drinking clear dew" This unity of "expensive" and "clear" is precisely because the "clear" in the three or four sentences does not need to be countered by "expensive", and the brushwork is quite clever.
The second sentence, "Flowing makes a sparse tree", describes the distant spread of cicadas. Platanus acerifolia is a tall tree, with the word "sparse", and its branches are tall and clear, which corresponds to the last sentence "autumn wind" The "flowing" cicada's long sound is pleasing to the ear, and the word "Chu" is used to visualize the meaning conveyed by cicada's sound, as if making people feel the loudness and strength of cicada's sound. Although this sentence is only written in sound, readers can imagine the personified cicada's high standard and elegant rhyme in Tsinghua. With this vivid description of the distant spread of cicadas, the play of three or four sentences has a root.
"Keep your voice high, not by the autumn wind", which is the crowning touch of the whole article. It is a poetic discussion on the basis of the last two sentences. Cicadas spread far and wide. Most people often think that it is transmitted by the autumn wind, but the poet has a different understanding, emphasizing that this is because of "high" and self-reaching. This unique feeling contains a truth: people with noble character do not need some external support (such as power and position, the help of powerful people), and they can become famous far and wide, just as Cao Pi wrote in Dian Lun. As stated in the "Paper", "It is not a false statement of good history, and it does not rely on the trend of flying, but its reputation is autobiographical." What is highlighted here is the beauty and strength of personality. The word "self" and the word "non" in the two sentences echo each other, expressing warm praise and high self-confidence for people's inner character and showing a graceful demeanor. Emperor Taizong once praised Yu Shinan's "Five Musts" for many times (virtue, loyalty, erudition, literary style and writing style). The poet's personalized "cicada" may have its own meaning. Shen Deqian said: "Every time a cicada sings its voice, it respects its character alone." ("Tang Poetry") This is indeed a broken theory.
Qing Shi Buhua's Poems on the Servant says, "Three hundred poems are more than Xing, and the Tang people still think so. The same chanting, Yu Shinan's "high voice from afar, not by the autumn wind", is a Tsinghua people language; Luo Bin Wang' his flight is heavy through the fog, his pure voice drowns in the windy world' is a language in need; Li Shangyin's "pure of heart and therefore hungry, all night long you have sung in vain" is a grumbler. Bixing is different. " These three poems are all famous works of chanting cicadas in Tang Dynasty. Due to the different status, experience and temperament of the authors, although they are equally dedicated to expressing their feelings, they present a different look and form an artistic image with rich personality characteristics. This poem, together with a political prisoner listening to a cicada by Luo Binwang and Cicada by Li Shangyin, has become the three unique poems of chanting cicadas in Tang Dynasty.