The pure heart is hungry because of this, and you sing in vain all night.
Oh, this last broken breath, in the green indifferent trees! .
Yes, I am like a driftwood. I have made my garden full of weeds.
I thank you for your sincere advice and live a pure life like you.
The value of object-chanting poems lies in expressing feelings by borrowing things, which means pun. It is necessary to write not only the characteristics and spirit of what is sung, but also the author's embrace and feelings. This famous poem "Chanting Cicada" is often praised by later generations, not only because it has the above characteristics, but also because the author uses special artistic techniques, and the whole poem exhorts Cicada in the second person's tone and confides his feelings.
The whole poem can be divided into two parts.
The first four sentences are the first part. The first sentence points out that the cicada's "difficulty in satiating" is because of its "height". "Original meaning" is originally because the tone is very positive. This is according to the saying in Wu Yue Chun Qiu that "when you know how to climb a tree, you can drink clear dew". You can't eat enough just by drinking clear dew. The author personifies cicada from its high position to its lofty character. I am arrogant and unwilling to beg from others. Of course, I am only hungry. The second sentence, according to the cicada's long sound, is bitter, because it is difficult to get enough. So this is a nasty expense. It is futile to persuade it. Three or four sentences are followed by the second sentence, and the word "sparse" is followed by the word "noisy" in the second sentence, which means that it screams all night and becomes hoarse and sparse until the dawn of the fifth watch. The third sentence is "in vain", which means that despite this bray, your environment-the tall tree-is completely indifferent and still as bright as oil. Not only the cicada is personified, but also the tree is personified. It is also a heartfelt sympathy and warning for the author to give full play to his imagination and use anthropomorphic techniques to write cicadas in nature as social people. This is not the case with cicadas and trees; As a social person, it is really reasonable, and it can also effectively arouse readers' deep sympathy and get excellent results.
These four sentences are full of cicadas, but full of the author's own feelings. He was born in the era of party struggle between Niu and Li, and was directly involved in the whirlpool of this political struggle. He was caught in the cracks and hit a wall everywhere, and repeated letters and poems could not get rid of the predicament. But he asked himself that he was innocent and didn't do anything flattering. Isn't the cicada's experience written in four poems his "teacher's way"?
The last four sentences are the second part. The tone changed from persuasion to talk. Write your feelings in five or six sentences. He said, I am a small official, a small official (Li Shangyin has been an aide for a long time). When I get married, I am a puppet drifting with the tide, and I don't know where I will drift. "Terriers still exist widely" originated from the Warring States policy of Zhao Ce. "The soil stalk fights with the wooden stalk and says,' You are not as good as me. You drift into the Zhanghe River and flow eastward to the sea in every hurricane, and the flood is endless. """Jude" means still floating. The author's long-term depression caused him to think about his hometown. The Harada of my hometown is already a wasteland, so it's time to go back and rectify it. But this wish is tied to personnel and cannot be realized. These two sentences seem to be beside the point, and have nothing to do with cicadas. But the seventh sentence is circuitous. It turned out that the author was talking about his own experience and felt how similar it was to the cicada he imagined, so when he heard the cicada, he thought it was showing signs and gave him a sincere and powerful warning. He couldn't help saying "thank you for your advice" to show his gratitude. Because like you, my family is poor. This "Qing" also means lofty, which is homophonic with the "Gao" in the first sentence.
The unique conception and exquisite expression techniques vividly portray cicada as a person with flesh and blood, and at the same time, through dialogue with cicada, she also expresses her arms heartily. As long as you read it several times, you will realize that this is a wonderful poem about objects, which is worth writing by everyone.
This is the situation of cicada itself. Why do you hate cicadas when they are high? Three words have the word "sound" and four words have the word "hate". Five or six words make me look like a cicada. Listen to this voice, and you don't want to warn me! I didn't know I was used to cleaning up my family, and I didn't complain or bother the police. (Yao Peiqian's Notes on Li Yishan's Poems, Volume III)
The first four sentences written by Cicada are self-metaphors, and the last four sentences are written by Cicada. Implicit and explicit, rules can be played. (Ji Yun's On Li Yishan's Poems)