It is a type of composition that uses a guiding material to inspire thinking, stimulate imagination and limit the scope of writing with topics. "topic" refers to the center of the conversation; An article that focuses on a given theme and selects materials around the center content is a "theme" composition. This kind of composition questions generally do not contain opinions on the surface, and the content is not limited, and the form is often not limited. "Topic" composition actually only provides a topic, that is, it specifies the central content of expression, without limiting the scope of materials and the form of expression. Compared with the previous propositional composition, the advantage of topic-based open proposition lies in giving candidates more space to write and play.
"topic" refers to the center of the conversation; An article that focuses on a given theme and selects materials around the center content is a "theme" composition. This kind of composition questions generally do not contain opinions on the surface, and the content is not limited, and the form is often not limited. "Topic" composition actually only provides a topic, that is, it specifies the central content of expression, without limiting the scope of materials and the form of expression. Compared with the previous propositional composition, the advantage of topic-based open-ended proposition is that it gives candidates more writing space. There is more room to play.
Features:
1, related
The topic composition must be related to the topic. Generally speaking, the requirements of topic composition only stipulate the scope of the topic, but do not limit the theme of the composition. Freedom is the biggest feature of topic composition. Candidates have great freedom and autonomy in selecting topics, selecting materials, style and imagination. The specific performance is as follows:
1. Free topic. A given topic can be left as a topic, and candidates can do it themselves. However, it is best to ask questions that reflect the characteristics of style.
2. freedom of material selection. As long as you choose to write about the topic, it is effective.
3. Free style. Most topic compositions require candidates to freely choose narrative, expository, argumentative or dramatic styles other than poetry. 4. Freedom of imagination. Topic composition gives candidates a wide range of freedom in topic, material selection and style, and also gives candidates a broader imagination. But pay attention to the depth of imagination. In short, the topic composition narrows the restrictions on candidates and provides more choices and imagination. Candidates can give full play to their strengths, write their own personality and reflect their creativity in their compositions.
Step 2 visualize
In fact, the most important thing is "topic" composition, which is to let students gallop in the space of image thinking and show the rich association and imagination ability of middle school students. Because "topic" composition is more conducive to the surge of image thinking, students can let go of their hands and feet and fly freely. They can give full play to their imagination, and they can also spread the wings of association at will. "The sky is vast, and birds can fly." (Applied Writing (Monthly) No.6 200 1)
Step 3 check the problem
The key to mastering the topic is to examine the limitations of the topic and determine what can and cannot be written. Secondly, we should examine the connotation and make clear the extension meaning of the topic. Finally, we should examine the hints, because hints are the materials that lead to the topic.
Different from proposition composition:
The topic composition provides the writing scope, and the provided topic only plays the role of prompting the content to point. Propositional composition generally provides the center of writing content (except, of course, the proposition itself is a topic).
(2) The content required by the topic is related to it, while the propositional composition generally requires close attention to the topic.
Generally speaking, the writing scope of topic composition is far larger than that of some propositional compositions.
(4) The author of the topic can draw up his own topic, and the author of the proposition cannot choose another topic.
⑤ Topical composition has a wide range and is very easy to write. ⑥ The proposition is binding and the development space is relatively small.
Precautions:
First, grasp the style
Topic composition is often not limited to style, so that candidates can play freely. However, unlimited style does not mean no style. The "unlimited style" of topic composition is actually not limited to one style, so that students have the freedom to choose a style.
When you choose a style, you must write according to the characteristics of this style. Some students have strong observation ability and rich life accumulation, so they might as well extract the wonderful fragments of life and write vivid and touching narratives; Some students are imaginative and good at writing stories. They might as well write fairy tales, fables or science fiction. Some students have strong logical thinking ability and are good at reasoning, so they might as well write an argumentative essay with sufficient reasons; Some students have delicate and rich feelings, so they might as well write a beautiful and lyrical composition, which will be excellent.
Second, narrow the scope.
Topic composition only provides the topic of writing, which is not limited by center, material, structure, style and language. It gives candidates a relatively open space for thinking, allowing candidates to maximize their imagination and creativity. However, if we don't pay attention to the topic and narrow the gap in writing, there will be a problem of "writing a thousand words, digressing Wan Li". Therefore, no matter how broad a given topic is, we should be good at narrowing the "encirclement circle" and choose a small entrance, such as a thing, a person, a thing, a feeling, a little opinion and so on. Concentrate on the breakthrough, write the topic of your choice in detail and thoroughly, and achieve "seeing the big from the small".
Third, draw up a good topic
The title is the "eyes" of the article. As the saying goes, "A good composition is half the battle". Topic composition allows us to draw up a topic, so we should strive to improve the preparation level of the topic, and strive to make the topic we draw up accurate, concise, implicit and novel, so that the marking teacher will fall in love at first sight.
Fourth, be good at association.
Topic composition is an open composition form, which requires candidates to let go of their hands and feet, gallop freely in the imaginary space, and be good at developing associations from many directions, thus producing colorful ideas. For example, on the topic of "wind", you can think of natural winds: breeze, gale, gale, hurricane, tornado and so on; You can also think of social atmosphere: flattery, gifts and so on; You can think of a fashion like the wind: Jin Yong fever, Han Han fever and so on; You can even think if you are the wind, if you meet the wind and so on.
Five, write new ideas
Topic composition, since it is an exam-oriented composition, must give the marking teacher a good feeling and get a good score. So it is very important to write characteristics and new ideas. When writing, you should be good at "finding another way", that is, you should have a unique feeling in your conception and don't follow the trend; Have a unique vision in the selection of materials, and don't talk about old sayings; Be original in your mind, don't be steady, have a unique charm in your calm tone, and don't talk in generalities.
Five skills
First, it should be comprehensive.
Check all the information elements of the proposition. The topic expression of a new topic composition generally consists of introduction, materials and requirements. We should pay full attention to these three parts of language. In particular, the language of "requirement" often involves angles, topics, styles, words, hints and warnings, which are mostly rigid and insurmountable, such as 1 to 3 or 5 o'clock after the "requirement" in Tianjin College Entrance Examination in 2009, and the fourth point is a kind hint: "Write your true feelings". The material description sometimes indicates the title, such as "I said post-90s", and sometimes it is vague, so you need to refer to relevant materials to give the title, such as "5 13 online forum" in the first section of the material description of Liaoning Volume. Subject: celebrity endorsement is to write an article on the topic of celebrity endorsement.
Second, we must go deep.
Investigate the connotation, extension and even some implied information of the topic concept. Take "the post-90s generation" as an example, in which "the post-90s generation" should refer to the generation born after the 1990s, not to time, era and society. "I" means that the article should be expressed in the first person, which is about personal understanding, not about myself. The first person can also be expressed by "we". The style of "Shuo" should be argumentative, requiring the author to express his feelings, opinions and comments on the post-90 s group.
Third, we must analyze.
Examine the content, significance and different angles of the materials. For example, the "celebrity endorsement" of Liaoning Volume should derive "minor themes" or points around the phenomenon of "celebrity endorsement", such as honesty, responsibility, morality, interests and legal system. Grasping these points is convenient for discussing from different angles around the center. The three key words "praise", "worry" and "interpretation" in Tianjin volume "I Say Post-90s" are three parallel angles. It's best to choose one of them for narration or comment, and don't mix several together, so it's not clear.
Fourth, we must infer that
Investigate the "propositional intention" behind the topic, so as to choose writing strategies and schemes in a targeted manner. The college entrance examination is actually a social behavior. It is necessary to educate candidates and guide public opinion, so we should have a positive life. A topic or essay is just a "window" to guide candidates to look around society, the world and life. Therefore, we should use the correct way of thinking to contact social hotspots [2] and infer the proposition intention. For example, the topic of "I said post-90s" is to let candidates know about this group to which they belong, face up to their own advantages and disadvantages, and realize the historical responsibility of their generation, so as to grow up healthily. The topic of "celebrity endorsement", which links materials with social hotspots such as Sanlu milk powder incident, can introduce its proposition intention of "guiding candidates to pay attention to social and people's livelihood hotspots, learn to think and analyze social phenomena dialectically, and cultivate the habit of independent thinking and critical consciousness".
Fifth, we must grasp the "point"
In this way, it is easy to choose the right starting point, the right style, and the reasonable thinking to form the best writing plan. For example, "I said post-90 s", you only need to choose one of the three keywords in the material and develop it with an optimized scheme; Among them, "speaking" is the most appropriate style for you to see clearly. Another example is "celebrity endorsement". Grasping the main points of the five materials can quickly map out the reasonable ideas of the article. Of course, we can also grasp one of them, such as moral self-discipline or legal supervision, and conduct in-depth analysis to form the best plan.