Jihai is a year marked by the ancient substitution method of trunk and branch in China. In this poem, it is actually 1839. This year, Gong Zizhen resigned and returned to the south, and then went north to pick up her family. On the way back and forth between north and south, he wrote 3 15 short poems, which he has always named "Ji Hai Za Poems". It is a famous large-scale poetry group in modern times, focusing on describing the poet's life experience, describing his life experience, writings, friends and so on. , a wide range of topics; Or chronicle, or lyrical content is complex, most of them use the topic to attack the shortcomings of the present and express their thoughts of opposing aggression, calling for change and yearning for the future. Style is the coexistence of grandeur and sadness. This paper discusses the ideology and artistry of Gong Zizhen's Miscellaneous Works of Jihai. Gong Zizhen lived on the eve of the Opium War. He has a strong patriotic spirit and advocates reforming internal affairs and resisting foreign aggression. Criticism, call, expectation and concentration in Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems reflect the patriotic passion of the poet who is highly concerned about the fate of the nation and the country. The author boldly exposed and criticized the Qing government's neglect of salt and iron production, taxation and water conservancy planning related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and its blind dependence on southeast water transportation intensified the exploitation of the people in the south of the Yangtze River, which led to the decline of agricultural production, the hardship of people's lives and the harm to the national economy.
Gong Zizhen lived on the eve of the Opium War. He has a strong patriotic spirit and advocates reforming internal affairs and resisting foreign aggression. Criticism, call, expectation and concentration in Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems reflect the patriotic passion of the poet who is highly concerned about the fate of the nation and the country. For example, the first two or three poems in Jihai Miscellaneous Poems say, "No matter what iron and salt are, there are many tears in the southeast alone. The national tax is three liters, and the people fight. If you kill a girl, you won't grow grain. " The author boldly exposed and criticized the Qing government's neglect of salt and iron production, taxation and water conservancy planning related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and its blind dependence on southeast water transportation intensified the exploitation of the people in the south of the Yangtze River, which led to the decline of agricultural production, the hardship of people's lives and the harm to the national economy. Another example is the eighth and seventh poems of Ji Hai's Miscellaneous Poems. "The old friend worships the general with the sea and stands on the south side of the sky. I have three hundred words of yin, and wax pills are hard to send. " Express the poet's concern about the struggle against smoking and the fate of the country.
Gong Zizhen was a pioneer of the reformist movement in China. He clearly saw that the Qing dynasty had entered a "declining world", which was a "sunset"; He criticized the decay of feudal rule, exposed the declining trend of feudal society and called for reform. The first 25 songs in Ji Hai, "Kyushu is angry with snow, and its sorrow is also investigated." I suggest that God stand up again, let go of his talents and don't stick to a pattern. "This poem exposes social ills, attacks bureaucracy, shows the author's fiery enthusiasm, and inspires and inspires people. They are interested in a lifeless society. With a bang, many people's dreams were awakened and people were urged to be true, kind, beautiful and Xiang Yong. While attacking autocratic rule, it also expresses the author's pursuit of ideological liberation and personality liberation. The125th poem of Jihai Miscellaneous Poems is a "green poem" written by the author for Taoist priests when he passed by Zhenjiang, offering sacrifices to the Jade Emperor, Fengshen and Lei Feng. The author makes use of the topic to appeal for thunderous changes in the tone of praying to God and worshipping Buddha, so as to break the shackles of the Qing Dynasty, stifle the lifeless situation caused by a large number of talents, and express the author's desire to liberate talents, transform society and revitalize the country.
In poetry art, Gong Zizhen claimed that "Zhuang and Sao are two souls, deeply rooted in the liver and intestines". Most of his poems are symbolic metaphors, with romantic style, magical conception, rich imagination and strangeness. Deeply influenced by Zhuangzi and Qu Yuan, they have a fierce spirit peculiar to poets. Tan Xian's Diary of Tang Fu says that his poems are "aggressive", so his poems are crystal. It is a summary and development of ancient idealized poetry art.
Gong Zizhen's Ji Hai Miscellaneous Works uses symbolic images, full of imagination and strangeness, and uses images to create scenery and express feelings. For example, the fifth poem of Jihai Miscellaneous Poems, "I am far worried, the sun is setting, and the whip points to the end of the world. Falling red is not heartless, but turning into spring mud is more protective. " The first two sentences of this poem describe the scenery. Looking at the sunset touched the author's endless sadness of parting. This sadness of parting is not only to leave one's family, but also to leave the court. The author studied in Beijing since childhood and worked as an official in Beijing. Beijing is his second hometown and his ideal. Now, he is forced to leave Beijing, and his mood is so complicated! The bleak scene of sunset at dusk and the distant distance from the ends of the earth make his parting sadness more vast and heavy. In the last two sentences of the poem, the poet turned to lyricism, expressing a high-spirited spirit: "Falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud is more protective of flowers." What a novel poem this is. In the eyes of the ancients, fading and falling red is always a "heartless thing" that causes sighs and sadness; However, the author sees its sentimental and positive side, which is used to compare himself who resigned and retired, showing a spirit of unwilling to give up and continue to struggle, indicating that he will still contribute everything to the country and the nation after quitting the officialdom. Another example is the 125 th poem of Jihai Miscellaneous Poems, "Kyushu is angry according to the snow, but a thousand horses are sad. I advise God to stand up again and drop talents without sticking to one pattern! " The first two sentences of this poem use two metaphors to express the poet's views on the situation in China at that time. Under the decadent and cruel reactionary rule, the metaphorical thought of "ten thousand horses together" was imprisoned, talent was stifled, and drowsiness, vulgarity, ignorance, silence and suffocation were everywhere. "Wind and thunder" is a metaphor for emerging social forces and sharp and violent reforms. Looking at the overall situation and the overall artistic realm is magnificent and profound. The last two sentences of the poem, "I urge God to be energetic again and drop talents in an unconventional way", are well-known sentences. The poet expressed his ardent hope with his peculiar imagination. He looked forward to the emergence of outstanding figures, forming a new "storm" and new vitality in the general trend of reform, sweeping away the dullness and depression that enveloped Kyushu, exposing contradictions, criticizing reality, looking forward to the future and full of ideals. It is unique, unique, calling for change and the future.
Table of Contents of Ji Hai's Miscellaneous Poems (3 15) (from Qing Palace):
/poemcollect/jhzs。 Textfile (textfile)