Liu Zongyuan's life is very legendary. He comes from an official family, and his ancestors have been officials for generations. At the age of twenty-one, Liu Zongyuan became a scholar. In the Tang dynasty, it was very difficult to get into Jinshi. There is a saying in the Tang Dynasty: "At the age of 30, you are quiet, and at the age of 50, you are a scholar", which proves how difficult it was to get into the Jinshi exam at that time. Liu Zongyuan, who is in his early twenties, passed the Jinshi exam. It can be said that he is a yue longmen and worth a hundred times. He became famous in one fell swoop.
Portrait of Liu Zongyuan
At that time, in the Tang Dynasty, the politics was dark and corrupt, the governors were separated, and the eunuchs were good at power. Liu Zongyuan gradually sprouted the desire for reform and actively participated in practice. In 805, the political reform failed. In September of the same year, Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Shaozhou Secretariat, 165438+ October. On the way to his post, Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou Sima. It is rare to be demoted twice in just two months, which has dealt him a great blow.
Liu Zongyuan stayed in Yongzhou for ten years. During this period, he made great achievements in literature, and wrote such masterpieces as Eight Chapters of Yongzhou and Snake Catcher. Tao Te Ching wrote: "Misfortune is a blessing; Blessed, cursed. " It is not necessarily a bad thing that he was demoted to Yongzhou.
In August15, Liu Zongyuan was recalled to Chang' an, expecting a turn for the better in life, but he was still relegated, only this time in Liuzhou, and finally died in Liuzhou at the age of 47.
Although Liu Zongyuan was relegated for many times, his life was bumpy, but his active life and creation left many immortal classics for future generations, leaving a rich and colorful stroke in the history of literature.
2. Master of Literature
Liu Zongyuan was one of the most famous literary masters in the middle Tang Dynasty. He left more than 600 poems in his life, and Su Shi, Ouyang Xiu and others all appreciated his works very much. It is generally believed that Liu Zongyuan's achievements are greater than his poems.
On the writing level, there are only a handful of people who can compete with Liu Zongyuan, whether it is parallel prose, prose, biography or fable, they are all excellent works. Articles such as Eight Chapters of Yongzhou, Snake Catching and Camel Planting are immortal classics.
On poetry, Liu Zongyuan has 140 poems handed down from generation to generation. Liu Zongyuan's poems were equally dazzling in the Tang Dynasty, where many people came forth in large numbers and a hundred flowers blossomed. A song "Jiang Xue" has been circulating since ancient times.
Poetry pursues not quantity, but quality, and quality is more important than essence. Zhang is famous for "Moonlit Night on a Spring River", and Wang Zhihuan is famous for "The Bird Pavilion".
3, a "Jiang Xue", both ancient and modern.
The magical nature inspired the poet's creative inspiration. In winter, poets often write about snow scenes. Among many snow poems, Liu Zongyuan's "Jiang Xue" is only twenty words, but it writes a beautiful snow scene, which is memorable.
Jiang Xue.
There are no birds flying over those mountains, and there are no traces of people in those paths.
A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice.
This poem was written when Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou Sima. For more than 1000 years, this poem has won numerous praises. Some people praised it as "the strength of bones and muscles makes every sentence natural"; Others said, "It's strange that twenty crosses can make twenty layers, but one piece." ; Su Dongpo once said, "It's almost a godsend, out of reach."
In Qian Shan, Liu Zongyuan painted a picture of mountains closed by heavy snow, frozen and cold, to set off the picture of "boating alone" and "fishing alone".
The mountain is snow and the road is white. On the snowy river, there is a lone boat and a fisherman. He is not afraid of the cold and snow, and he fishes alone on the icy river. The words "loneliness" and "independence" not only shaped the image of a lofty and aloof fisherman, but also showed the poet's unyielding and deep loneliness.
Wang Guowei wrote in "Words on Earth": "If there is a realm, it will be self-contained and have its own famous sentences." This sentence is very suitable to describe this song "Jiang Xue".
Liu Zongyuan stood proudly in the poetry circle of the Tang Dynasty with this poem "Jiang Xue".