[Teaching objectives]
1. I can write four new words and understand the words "burn, smash, smash".
2. Read the text with emotion. Recite the text. Write "Bamboo Stone" silently.
3. With the help of notes and poetry background, understand the main content of poetry and the meaning of key poems.
4. Understand the poet's ambition and integrity, and cultivate students' patriotic feelings and perseverance and fear of sacrifice.
[Teaching Emphasis and Difficulties]
Understand the main content of the poem, understand the meaning of key verses, and experience the poet's feelings.
[Teaching time]
2 class hours
first kind
teaching process
First, dialogue import (courseware shows horse diagram)
Horses played an important role in ancient China. Whether in daily life or on the battlefield, it has an irreplaceable position. There was a poet in the Tang Dynasty who wrote dozens of poems about horses in his life. What's the special significance of horses to him? Today, we will explore the spiritual world of Li He through an ancient poem. (blackboard writing: Ma Shi)
Second, introduce the author.
Li He (about 790 AD-about 8 17 years), whose word is long and auspicious, is the "pioneer of long and auspicious poems". Li He was a romantic poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. He, together with Li Bai and Li Shangyin, is known as the "Three Li's in Tang Dynasty", and he is a representative figure in the turning period of poetic style in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. Most of his poems lament the untimely birth, feel depressed and express the pursuit of ideals and ambitions; It reflects the situation that the vassal region was divided, the eunuchs were authoritarian and brutally exploited the people. Li He's poems are full of imagination, and he often uses myths and legends to convey the past and present, so later generations often call him "Shi Gui". Due to the long-term suppression of sentimental lifestyle, Li He resigned as a gift giver in Yuanhe eight years due to illness, and died young at the age of 27.
Third, the first reading of ancient poetry, the overall perception
1. Feel free to read ancient poems, pay attention to correct pronunciation, read rhythm and read poems.
2. Who will read this poem to you? (The teacher instructs at will to show the rhythm of poetry reading.)
3. Read and evaluate by name.
4. The teacher reads the model, the students follow, and finally the whole class reads it together.
5. After reading just now, please think: What kind of horse does the "horse" in the poem refer to? (war horse)
6. Where did you know this was a war horse? (desert, golden brain)
7. Understand words.
Desert: A vast desert.
Yanshan Mountain: refers to Yanran Mountain, which is now Hang 'ai Mountain in Mongolia. This refers to the frontier fortress.
Hook: An ancient weapon shaped like a crescent moon.
When: When?
Jin Luo nao: It is decorated with gold. Halter.
Step one: run. This means "Mercedes-Benz".
Teacher's summary: By understanding the meaning, we can judge that this is a frontier poem.
Fourth, taste ancient poetry
(1) Learn the first and second sentences.
1. Read the first and second sentences aloud and discuss them in groups:
(1) What rhetorical devices are used in these two poems?
(2) What is this description? What scenery did you write? What's the role?
(3) Why does the author deliberately describe "Desert" and "Yanshan Mountain"? What is the special significance of this for showing horses?
2. The team sent representatives to report.
3. Think about what kind of scenes these two poems have written, combined with comments. (Guide students to imagine) On the empty desert, the sand is like snow. On the continuous Yanshan Mountains, the moon is like a hook. )
4. From what angles does Sand Like Snow write about sand? (touch: cold; Color: white. )
5. Why is sand as white as snow? It is white because of the moonlight. )
6. How do you feel about the scenery described in the first and second sentences? (Empty and lonely, cold and desolate)
7. The teacher added: "Hook" generally refers to Wu Gou in ancient poems, which was a weapon in the Spring and Autumn Period. "The moon is like a hook" not only describes the shape of the moon, but also is a spiritual symbol of inspirational service to the country.
(2) Learn the third and fourth poems.
1. Why does the author expect to equip a horse with a golden dragon brain? Putting a golden halter on a horse shows that the horse is very valuable and highly valued. The author clearly writes that horses are highly valued, but in fact he implies that he is eager to be highly valued and fight against the enemy. )
2. What does the poet want to express with "Go Fast" and "Clear Autumn"? ("Let's go" means running fast, and it is written about galloping horses; "Clear autumn" means late autumn. Express the poet's ambition to gallop on the battlefield and destroy the enemy. )
3. Has the poet's wish come true? (No) Where did you see it? ("when" means that it has not been realized. )
Fifth, understand emotions and learn to write.
1. Read the poem again. What kind of feelings did the author express when writing this poem? (I am eager to make contributions, but I am not appreciated, and my dream cannot be realized. )
2. What does this have to do with "horse"? The poet imagines himself as a war horse and places his feelings on it. )
3. How does the author express his feelings? (Hold something to express your wishes)
4. Explain the writing technique of "expressing one's intention by entrusting others". If a person's "ambition" is pinned on a specific "thing", then this "thing" has a certain symbolic meaning and becomes the sustenance of the author's interest, will or ideal. )
Sixth, the class summary
In this lesson, we learned Li He's History of Horse, appreciated the writing techniques of the ancients and felt their patriotic enthusiasm for serving the country. I hope students can be like Li He in their future study and life.
Second lesson
teaching process
First, check the import.
1. What are the characteristics of the ancient poem Ma Shi, which we learned last class? (Name)
2. Recite the name of Ma Shi.
3. Teacher: Students, in this class, we will continue to learn the ancient poems Lyrics of Lime and Bamboo Stone.
Second, the first reading of ancient poetry, the overall perception
(a) preliminary perception of the general idea. (mainly based on students' self-study and reporting)
1. Know new words and understand the meaning of poetry with the help of notes and reference books.
2. The teacher's camera guidance.
3. Students exchange reports.
(2) Learn the "Lime Song".
1. Understand the poem sentence by sentence.
(1) It's a fire when it's dug out in the mountains with a thousand hammers. (hammering: refers to beating with a hammer and drilling with steel. It is described here that it is very difficult to mine ore. Idle: normal. The meaning of this poem is: it is common to take burning rocks for granted. )
(2) Don't be afraid of broken bones and mud, and keep your innocence in the world. (broken bone: refers to using lime to break it into powder. No: Not at all. Xiongnu: Completely, completely. Innocence: refers to noble moral integrity. The meaning of this poem is: I'm not afraid even if I'm shattered, as long as I leave my noble moral integrity in the world. )
2. Understand poetry as a whole. Tell me the meaning of this poem in your own words. )
(3) Learn Bamboo Stone.
1. Understand the poem sentence by sentence.
(1) asserts that the green hills are not relaxed and the roots are broken. The meaning of this poem is: the bamboo sticks to the green hills, but the roots break through the rocks. )
(2) It's still strong, and it's east, west, north and south wind. (grinding: torture. Perseverance: firm and strong. Ren: Whatever. Joel: You. The meaning of this poem is: after experiencing numerous hardships, it is still so tough and straight; East wind and west wind can't blow it down and make it yield. )
2. Understand poetry as a whole. Tell me the meaning of this poem in your own words. )
Third, read ancient poems and feel feelings.
1. These two poems depict lime and bamboo respectively. What impression did lime and bamboo leave on you?
Lime: It is very hard to mine lime, and it will face a severe test when it is fired. Students read aloud and read out the calmness of lime in the face of various tests. )
Bamboo: Growing in the mountains and rocks, it stands tall and straight, goes through many hardships and never gives in. Look at the picture and feel the power of bamboo. The students read aloud and read out the indomitable spirit of bamboo growing in rocks in harsh and harsh environment. )
2. Read the ancient poem again and think: Is the poet just praising lime and bamboo? Contact the background of the author's poetry writing and the author's life, and discuss in groups to see what new discoveries you have. (report)
(1) Ode to Lime: Grasp the feeling of "broken bones and mud are not afraid, leaving innocence in the world", focusing on what "innocence" and "innocence" mean. ("Innocence" refers to the color of lime, which means noble moral integrity. Writing lime on the surface is actually a metaphor for lime, which shows that no matter how much setbacks you suffer, you should maintain a noble character even if you are ruined. Express the author's spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice and his pursuit of always maintaining noble character in the world. )
The teacher concluded that this method of expressing meaning by things is called "expressing meaning by things".
(2) Reading aloud, combining the image of "things" with the spirit contained in the poem to read the author's feelings.
(3) What about bamboo and stone? What did you find? (Guide the students to raise their hands and say)
(1) "Bamboo Stone" also expresses the poet's feelings in a lyrical way. By praising Yan Zhu's tenacity, the author shows that a man should have backbone and not fall with the wind. Guide students to read aloud and read out the truth of being a man.
(2) Connecting with the poet's background, we can also see the poet's uncompromising will and noble moral integrity in fighting against the dark and filthy society at that time. (Instruct students to read aloud and read the poet's ambition)
Fourth, summary.
1. Students, what are the common features of the three ancient poems we learned in these two classes? (Hold something to express your wishes)
2. To learn ancient poetry, we should not only understand the superficial meaning of ancient poetry literally, but also understand the implied meaning of ancient poetry in combination with the author's life and background of the times. Have you learned this method?