[Edit this paragraph] Original poem
"Little Plum Blossoms in the Mountain Garden"
Lin Bu, Song Dynasty
All the flowers are shaking and singing alone Yan, occupying the charming garden.
The sparse shadows are slanting across the clear and shallow water, and the faint fragrance is floating in the moonlight at dusk.
The frost bird steals its eyes when it wants to come down, while the white butterfly knows how to unite and part its soul.
Fortunately, we can have sex with each other with a slight chant, and there is no need to seal the gold bottle with a sandalwood board.
Lin Bu, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, was well-known and admired by his contemporaries and admired by future generations for his masterpiece of plum blossoms, "Little Plum Blossoms in the Mountain Garden". In this poem, he describes the plum blossoms in an otherworldly, pretty and charming way, vividly describing the plum blossoms, and conveying both close and far-reaching goals. Especially the confession of "I pledge myself to you" at the end of the poem enhances the character of the plum blossoms and enriches them. It has reached the realm of the work, and it is eloquent and admirable to read.
[Edit this paragraph] 1.
Lin Bu became addicted to planting plums and raising cranes, and never married. He was known as the "Plum Wife and Crane Son", so the plum blossoms in his eyes were wavering. With emotion, the plum blossoms in the painting are even more fascinating.
The first couplet starts with the sentence "Plum blossoms are not afraid of the severe cold, but stand smiling in the wind". The words "Zhong" and "Individual" are opposite each other, saying that there is only this flower in the world. How majestic, pure and noble it is. However, although the plums are of high quality, they are not arrogant. They can only admire their plum blossoms in a small garden in the mountains, which is actually a castle in the air. This is a kind of "rich tranquility" (Zhou Guoping's words) and substantial beauty.
The jaw couplet is the most praised by the world. It gives us a beautiful picture of plum blossoms in the mountain garden. The previous sentence lightly outlines the bones of the plum blossoms, with "sparse shadows" showing its lightness, "as graceful as a startled giant"; "horizontally oblique" conveying its charm, singing in the wind; "water clear and shallow" showing its clarity, agility and warmth. The thick ink in the next sentence describes the charm of plum blossoms. "Secret fragrance" describes it as invisible and fragrant, coming with the wind, as interesting as hide-and-seek; "floating" describes it as coming and disappearing, which is quite fairy-like. Bone; "Moon Dusk" uses its wonderful background to bring us to a moving moment of "the willow branches on the moon, people meet after dusk" in terms of time, and introduces us to a "setting clouds and solitary swans flying together" in terms of space. The charming artistic conception is like "the autumn water and the sky are always the same color". The first couplet is full of eyes, and the couplet is full of eyebrows and thoughts. Of course, these two lines of Lin Bu's poems are not imaginary. In addition to having a real sense of life, he also drew on the poems of his predecessors. There is a remnant sentence about the Tang River in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties: "The shadow of bamboo is slanting across the clear and shallow water, and the fragrance of cinnamon floats in the moonlight at dusk." These two sentences describe both bamboo and osmanthus. Not only did it not describe the characteristics of the bamboo shadow, it also failed to describe the fragrance of the sweet-scented osmanthus. Because it has no title and no complete poem, it fails to form a unified and harmonious theme and artistic conception, and the passion of the protagonist cannot be felt, so it lacks touching power. Lin Bu only changed two words, changing "bamboo" to "sparse" and "gui" to "dark". This "finishing" touch made the plum blossom come alive. The upper two couplets are both written in real terms, and the lower two couplets are written in imaginary form.
The neck couplet "observes things with objects", the "frost bird" refers to the white crane, and the "stealing eye" describes its impatient mood. Why is this because the color and fragrance of plums are full of tempting beauty; The "white butterfly" and the "frost bird" form a contrast. Although they are both flying creatures, they are one large and one small, one bird and one insect. One is suitable for the time and the other is not. The picture is full of changes, and the "broken soul" is slightly exaggerated. The language is very strong, praising the color, fragrance and taste of plums as "the ultimate beauty".
The last couplet "Wei Yin" actually talks about "plum blossoms in the mouth". "Wei" means that it is indifferent and elegant. Although chewing like this will not satisfy the hunger, it can warm the heart, cleanse the product, move the soul, and cast the soul. It shows the poet's life interest and spiritual pursuit of becoming one with plum blossoms. At this point, the poet's appreciation of plum blossoms has entered the "realm of heaven and earth" called by Feng Youlan. What we see is as impatient as "frost birds" and "pink butterflies". A mesmerizing poet - a plum blossom poet. Su Shi once said in "Shu Lin Bu Shi Hou": "Sir, he is an extraordinary person, with a pure spirit and cold bones and no dust." "Sikuquanshu General Catalog" said: "His poems are clear and elegant, just like his life." We can know his words. It's true, the charm of this poem is a reflection of the poet's lonely, aloof, self-satisfied and indifferent personality.
[Edit this paragraph] 2.
Why was Lin Bu able to write Shanyuan Xiaomei so stunningly? The reason why the literary world of "Little Plum Blossoms in the Mountain Garden" he carefully created for us is so colorful is not only because he has an unusual feeling for plum blossoms and created for us a wonderful world of plum blossoms in our eyes, plum blossoms in our hearts and plum blossoms in our mouths, but also Because he used a high degree of writing skills in this poem, bringing us the artistic world of Mei.
From the perspective of image construction, it is not easy to describe the small plum blossoms in the mountain garden. However, the poet borrowed objects to set it off and scenery to support it, making it the central image in a picture. This is a unique feat. .
When the poet writes about plum blossoms in detail, he combines the virtual and the real, and presents contrasts, which makes the rhythm of the whole poem ups and downs, the colors are sometimes thick and sometimes light, the environment is dynamic and quiet, and the viewing is dreamlike, which fully embodies the "mountain" concept. The exquisiteness of "garden" is also overlooked by many connoisseurs. It is through this point that the author vividly expresses the spiritual character of "not pursuing glory and profit" and "interesting in pursuing great things". These two are unique.
The author describes himself with plum blossoms. Although it shows the consistent pursuit of traditional Chinese literati, it is also quite unique. Regarding the couplet "Sparse Shadows" alone, Ouyang Xiu said: "There were many people who chanted plum blossoms in the past life, but there is no such line." Chen Yuyi said: "I read the poems of the West Lake virgins, and look at the quiet beauty by the water every year. Paintings on clear windows The horizontal and slanting shadows are absolutely stunning when it snows at night in the former village.
" ("With Zhang Juchen's Ink Plum Blossoms") He believed that Lin Bu's poem about plum blossoms had surpassed the famous line in Tang Qiji's poem "Early Plum Blossoms": "In the deep snow in the front village, a branch bloomed last night." Wang Shipeng spoke more highly of it and praised it It is a masterpiece of the ages: "The secret fragrance and the beautiful words of the moon man have overwhelmed all the poets throughout the ages. "Xin Qiji advised poets and poets in "Niannujiao" not to write plum blossoms hastily: "There is no need to rush to plum blossoms, there are so many poets and poets. He is always regarded as a scholar in the West Lake forest and refuses to leave Fengyue. "Because this couplet is particularly famous, the words "Sparse Shadow" and "Secret Fragrance" have become the names of later generations' plum poems. For example, Jiang Kui's two poems about plum blossoms are titled "Secret Fragrance" and "Secret Fragrance". "Sparse Shadow" has since become a proper term for praising plum blossoms. This shows that Lin Bu's poems about praising plum blossoms had a great influence on later generations of literati. The whole body is not fragrant, but full of a "full beauty", very energetic, very powerful, very warm, very future. Because of this, this poem has a strong sense of reality, which makes people feel very happy. Reality, back to its original state, Lin Bu, as the "Plum Wife and Crane Son", writes such idealistic poems, which really allows us to embark on a spiritual and aesthetic journey. Yes.
Of course, it is not easy for the author to write such wonderful sentences. In the early Song Dynasty, there were quite a few poets who focused on describing fresh and small natural scenes in a small format. Expressing either frustration or leisurely and open-minded scholar-bureaucrat sentiments, this mainly inherits the style of Jia Dao and Yao Heyi in the Tang Dynasty. Lin Bu is one of these poets. In addition, the layout of "Xiaomei in the Mountain Garden" is too small. The self-proclaimed loftiness behind it actually has the flavor of not wanting to be known.
[Edit this paragraph] 3.
"All the fragrances are falling and only the beauty is blooming", the plum blossoms. It blooms when winter and spring come together. The plum blossoms are blooming, and the scenery is very beautiful. They occupy the whole garden. The plum blossoms are written very unusually at the beginning. The following sentence says that the plum blossoms are sparse and sparse, reflected in the clear water, and have a "dark fragrance". "Floating Moon Dusk" is written about the fragrance of plum blossoms. Under this hazy moonlight, bursts of plum fragrance float over. So he writes about the posture of plum blossoms in one sentence and the fragrance of plum blossoms in another sentence. These two sentences are very famous. Later Nan Jiang Baishi, a poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote two poems praising plum blossoms with the names of "Sparse Shadow" and "Dark Fragrance". Then he went on to write "Frost Bird steals its eyes when it wants to come down", this "Frost Bird". There are two sayings: one is that frost means cold in winter and spring, and the other means that frost means white. Someone contacted Lin Hejing and he particularly likes white cranes, so it may refer to white cranes. This is also the way to understand it. Yes. "The frost bird steals its eyes when it wants to come down" and "Peeps its eyes first" are very vivid, especially the "stealing eyes" that secretly take a peek. If the butterfly knows such a beautiful plum blossom. If so, it must be so happy that it is about to faint. "Ecstasy" refers to a person's extreme happiness or extreme sadness. This refers to extreme happiness because spring butterflies cannot be seen in early spring. If the pink butterfly sees such a beautiful plum blossom, it may be extremely happy and happy. Finally, the poet said, "Fortunately, we can sing slightly to meet each other." There is this kind of plum blossom in front of the pale moon. Under the color, the poet was very happy to recite poems, "No need for sandalwood boards and gold bottles." There is no need for sandalwood boards or gold bottles. Those gorgeous and noble things, the poet himself is under this very beautiful plum blossoms and very fragrant plum fragrance. Intoxication, self-appreciation, and self-recitation of poems are the best state. Therefore, among the poems praising plum blossoms, this poem is a very prominent one. In particular, Ouyang Xiu highly praised the line "The sparse shadows are slanting across the clear water, and the faint fragrance floats on the moon at dusk." He believed that this line was the most outstanding among plum poems. Therefore, Lin Hejing's "Little Plum Blossoms in the Mountain Garden" is unique among all Chinese plum blossom poems.
Note: "Xiao" is pronounced as "XUAN", with four tones
"玎" is pronounced as "XIA", with two tones
"Zun" is pronounced as "XUN" , a sound