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Ode to Qu Yuan
Dynasty: Han dynasty
Author: Jia Yi
Friendship is the teacher of Changsha Wang, but I am not satisfied. And the degree of Hunan water, in order to give Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan, Chu Ye. He was exiled and wrote Li Sao, and the last article said: It's over! There's no one in China, and I know it. ? So he died in Miluo. Friendship after injury, because of self-metaphor, its word:
Gongcheng Jiahui Xi, one day sin Changsha; As soon as I heard about Qu Yuan, I sank to Miluo. Create Xiang Liu, respect Mr. Diao; It is very embarrassing to suffer from this world, but it is embarrassing. Alas! It's just the right time for couples to crouch and owls to soar. I am proud, I am successful; The sage is dragging his feet and the founder is falling backwards. The world means obedience, being degraded into embarrassment and being mean; Mo Xie is a blunt object, and a lead knife is a shovel. Silent, born for no reason; I abandoned Zhou Ding, and Baokang was very happy. Teng is driving a cow, which is very awkward; A horse with two ears, a salt car. Zhang Fu recommended shoes, which won't last long; Mr. Bitter, I'm sorry I'm alone.
Xun Yue: It's over! I know nothing about this country, but who is it? The phoenix floated away, but died high, but was led away. Attack the dragon of Jiuyuan and cherish yourself; I hid in my hiding place, but did my husband follow shrimp and leeches? Your saint's god is virtuous, away from the secular, hide yourself; This can tie the horse and bind it. How can it be different? Generally speaking, it is particularly embarrassing to leave here, which is also the reason of the host. I have traveled all over Kyushu, but I am a gentleman. Why should I conceive this capital? Phoenix flies thousands of miles, overlooking Dehui; Seeing the danger of virtue, I once drove it away. He is so dirty, how can he let his husband swallow the giant fish on the boat? The killer whales in the Jianghu are really ants.
Brief introduction of poet
Jia Yi (200 ~ 200 years ago 168), Han nationality, was born in Luoyang (now east of Luoyang City, Henan Province), whose real name was Taifu. A famous political commentator and writer in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. 18 years old, famous. When he was young, he was recommended by Wu Gong, the prefect of Henan Province. In his twenties, Emperor Wen called him a doctor. In less than a year, he was promoted to be a loyal doctor. But at the age of 23, because of the jealousy of ministers, he was removed from the teacher of Changsha Wang. Later, he was recalled to Chang 'an and became the teacher of Liang Huaiwang. After the death of King Huai of Liang, Jia Yi felt deeply sorry for himself until he died of grief at the age of 33. His works mainly include prose and ci fu. Essays such as On Qin, On Warehousing and Chen Zheng's Poems are all famous. The most famous words are Ode to Hanging Qu Yuan and Ode to Catching Birds.
translate
Jia Yi, a teacher from Changsha, has left Beijing because of demotion, and he feels very dissatisfied. When crossing the Xiangjiang River by boat, I wrote a poem to pay tribute to Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a sage of Chu State. Being exiled because of being framed by slanderers, he wrote a Li Sao, and at the end of the article said:? Forget it, there are no honest people in the country, and no one knows me. So he jumped into the Miluo River and committed suicide. Jiayi, I remember this sad thing to compare myself. The article said:
Respectfully accept this wonderful favor and go to Changsha to be an official. On the way, I heard that Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River. When you get to this Xiangjiang River, write an article and throw it into the river. (1) Respectfully mourn Mr. Qu Yuan. You have suffered endless slander in the world and even ruined your life. Alas! Alas! Bad times. Birds and phoenixes escape, but owls soar in the sky. Eunuch ministers show off their dignity, and those who flatter and flatter with slanders can succeed; Talented ministers are untenable, and decent people are depressed. The whole world thinks that the frontier and Boyi are filthy, that they steal chickens and eat rice, and that the evil sword is dull and the lead knife is sharp. Well, you can't show your ambition. Qu Yuan, you are in trouble for no reason! It's like abandoning Zhou Ding and treating clay pots as treasures. Riding and driving a tired cow turns a lame donkey into a donkey, but makes a good horse struggle to pull a salt cart; Low crown and high shoes; This perversion will not last long. Alas, sir, it is unfortunate that you have encountered such a disaster! ?
In short: forget it! Nobody in the country knows me. Who can a person talk to when he is sad and depressed? The phoenix is outside the cloud nine and will fly away. Imitate the dragon in the abyss and hide in the depths of the abyss to protect yourself; How can you follow toads, leeches and earthworms when you abandon otters to live in seclusion? I think what is precious is the sacred virtue of saints, staying away from the dirty world and living in seclusion; If Huiji can also be bound and fettered, how can it be said that it is different from dogs and sheep? It's also your fault to suffer in such a chaotic world. You can help the monarch wherever you go. Why stay in the capital? Phoenix soars in the sky, only to see the glory of human morality before landing. See the danger signs of people with despicable virtue, and fly far away. How can that narrow ditch hold the big fish that swallowed the boat? Snakes and whales wandering in rivers and lakes will also be subject to ants.
To annotate ...
[1] This poem was written by Jia Yi on his way to Changsha Wang Taifu, passing through Xiangshui. Qu Yuan sank in the Miluo River, a tributary of Xiangjiang River. Jia Yi was moved by this scene, so he mourned Qu Yuan and hurt himself.
[2] Changsha King: refers to Wu Cha, the great-grandson of Wu Rui, Changsha King of the Western Han Dynasty. Teacher: Official name, responsible for the guardianship of princes and kings. Hey (zh? ): Demoted officials.
[3] Xiangshui: In today's Hunan Province, it is injected into Dongting Lake. Jia Yi went to Changsha from Chang 'an, Kyoto, and had to cross the water.
[4] "Li Sao" Fu: Chu Ci is both called Ci and Fu.
[5] Miluo: The sound of water is flowing, located in Yueyang City, Hunan Province.
[6] self-metaphor: in order to compare yourself.
[7] Gongcheng: Respect and accept. Jiahui: Mercy refers to the appointment of Wendi. First-class sin: wait for sin, here is a modest word.
[8] Sidelights: Modesty, saying that you are not listening, is a respectful statement.
[9] made: in order to. Figure: Same? Joe? , sustenance. Sir: It refers to Qu Yuan. The ancients only called Mr. Wang by his first name to show respect.
Wang Ji: There is no standard. ǔ (yǔn): ǔ, death. Absolute: Qi refers to Qu Yuan.
[1 1] ominous: unfortunate.
[12] crouch: hide. Owl: Birds such as owls, which were considered unlucky by the ancients, were compared with villains. Ascension: metaphor for success and promotion.
[13] praseodymium (t? ): small door. Rong: Grass.
[14] Anti-dragging: Being dragged back means not being reused. Inverted: Inverted, which means you have to be in a higher position and in a lower position.
[15] Sui: Frontier, sage of Shang Dynasty. Yi: Boyi. Both of them are representatives of ancient sages. Dark (h? N): cloudy. Plantation: During the Spring and Autumn Period, a native of Lu, it is said that he was a thief. Hey (ju? Zhuang Ti, the general of Chu State in the Warring States Period, was ordered by Qing Xiang, the king of Chu, to develop Yunnan. Later, the retreat was cut off by the state of Qin, and if he couldn't come back, he became king in Yunnan, objectively betraying the State of Chu. Legend has it that these two people became? Bad guys? The representative of.
Mo Xie [y? 】: Gu Jian's first name. Lead knife: A soft and blunt knife. Tie (xiān): sharp.
[17] Silence: the appearance of depression. Health: It refers to Qu Yuan. For no reason: selected notes? Encountered this kind of disaster for no reason? .
[18] model (w? ): rotate. Dislike: Dislike. Zhou Ding: Metaphorically, the pillar of strength. Kang Xuan (h? ): A crock is a metaphor for mediocrity.
[19] Teng Jia: Control. Go (p？ ): tired. In ancient times, four horses drove a car. The two horses in the middle are called clothes, and the two horses on both sides are called horses. Stump: lame.
[20] Service: driving. Warring States policy? Chuze:? The teeth of the husband and the horse are strong, but they don't go. The salt car goes too far, and the squat is delayed. The cathode can't go up. ? A horse is a good horse, and a good horse-drawn salt cart is used as a metaphor for wasting talents.
[2 1] Zhang Fu: An ancient hat. Recommended: pad. Footwear: shoes. Zhang Fu recommended shoes: courtesy cushion shoes. Gradually: gradually, here refers to the short time.
[22] From: Chuan? Suffering? Encounter. Strange: disaster.
[23]: Gao Yue. Equivalent to "Chu Ci"? Chaos? .
[24] It's over:? Forget it, okay? Meaning.
[25] Yu Yi: Is it the same? Depression? .
[26] Drift: Same? Fluttering? , flight appearance. High death: fly high. Self-citation: self-promotion.
[27] attack: imitation. Jiuyuan: Jiuyuan, Abyss. Qin (w? ): the appearance of deep diving.
[28] ya (mi m 4 n): oriented. Otter (xiāotǎ m:) An animal similar to an otter. Follow: follow. Shrimp (h? ): Toad. Leech (zh? ): leeches and leeches. : Is it the same? Bugs? , earthworm. These two sentences mean to live in seclusion for animals such as otters and not to associate with insects such as toads, leeches and earthworms.
[29] Tie: Tie with a rope. Keep: wrap it with your head. These two sentences mean to stay where you can, just like dogs and sheep.
[30] Like: For a long time. One by one: the emergence of chaos. You: disaster. Host: It refers to Qu Yuan. It means whether Qu Yuan will go or not, and how can he stay in that messy place for a long time without an accident?
[3 1] Calendar: Travel around the world. Stage: check. This capital: refers to Ying, the capital of Chu State. This is Jia Yi's advice to Qu Yuan, telling him to walk around and stop to help him when he sees a wise man.
[32] Foreword: extremely high. Seven feet is a well. Browse: See. Dehui: refers to the glory of the monarch's morality.
[33] Jingde: Jingde refers to a monarch with low moral character. Danger signal: a danger signal. Zeng Ji: Gao Xiang. Zeng, flying high. Go: Leave.
[34] Dirty: sewage ditch.
[35] Hun (zhān): a big fish like sturgeon. Whale: Whale. Solid: Originally. Zhuangzi? Geng sangchu:? Fish swallow a boat and lose water, and ants suffer. ?