Appreciation of ancient poems in primary school - Mountain Walk
Du Mu
Far up the cold mountain, the stone path is slanted, and there are people living in the white clouds.
Stop and sit in the maple forest at night, the leaves are as red as the flowers in February due to frost.
Author
Du Mu (803 ~ about 852) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty, with the courtesy name Muzhi and the name Fanchuan Jushi. He was of Han nationality and was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province). He was born into a noble family, and his grandfather Du You was a famous prime minister and historian in the middle Tang Dynasty. In his later years, Du Mu served as a member of Zhongshushe and lived in Fanchuan Villa in the south of Chang'an City. Later generations called him "Du Ziwei" and "Du Fanchuan". Du Mu lived in the late Tang Dynasty when internal and external troubles were deepening. He had been concerned about state affairs since his youth and had the ideal to save the country from danger and restore the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. When he was 23 years old, he wrote "A Fang Palace Ode", which took the Qin Dynasty's abuse of people's power and extravagance to subjugate the country as a warning, and sounded the alarm to the rulers of this dynasty.
Notes
1. Mountain walking: walking in the mountains.
2. Hanshan: refers to the mountains in late autumn.
3. Path: path.
4. White Clouds: A place where white clouds arise.
5. skew: This character is pronounced xiá, which means stretching.
6. Sitting: Because
Translation
The rocky path is winding and sloping far up the mountain top,
The white clouds are faintly visible. There are about a few families.
I stopped the car just because I loved the evening view of the maple forest.
The maple leaves stained by frost are more brilliantly red than the flowers in February.
Appreciation
This is a seven-character quatrain that describes and praises the scenery of mountains and forests in late autumn.
The first sentence, "The stone path on the cold mountain in the distance is slanted", writes from bottom to top, a stone path winding towards the mountains full of autumn. The word "cold" points out the late autumn season; the word "yuan" expresses the length of the mountain road; the word "slant" echoes the word "yuan" at the beginning of the sentence, describing the high and gentle mountain terrain. Since the slope is not steep, you can travel around the mountain by car.
The second sentence, "There is a home deep in the white clouds," describes the distant scenery the poet saw when he was hiking in the mountains. The word "deep" vividly expresses the rising, lingering and floating dynamics of white clouds, and also indicates that the mountain is very high. The three words "someone's home" will make people think of the smoke curling from the kitchen, the crowing of chickens and the barking of dogs, thus making people feel that the mountains are full of life, without any fear of death. The word "someone's home" also refers to the "stone path" in the previous sentence, because this "stone path" is the passage for residents in the mountains.
The word "si" in the third sentence "Stop and sit in love with Fenglin at night" is interpreted as "because". Because the evening view of the maple forest at sunset was so charming, the poet stopped to watch it. The word "night" in this sentence is used extremely delicately, and it contains multiple meanings: (1) It points out that the first two sentences are what is seen during the day, and the last two sentences are about the scenery in the evening. (2) Because there is sunset only in the evening, the gorgeous sunset glow and the red maple leaves complement each other, making the maple forest particularly beautiful. (3) The poet lingered so much that in the evening, he was reluctant to board the car and leave, which shows that he loves the red leaves very much. (4) Because I parked the car for a long time and observed the details, I was able to understand the fourth sentence, "Frost leaves are as red as February flowers." This is a wise and interesting aphorism.
"Frost leaves are as red as February flowers", this is the central sentence of the whole poem. The descriptions in the first three sentences are all foreshadowing and setting off this sentence. Why does the poet use "hongyu" instead of "hongru"? Because "red as" is just like spring flowers, it only decorates the natural beauty; while "red as" is incomparable to spring flowers. It is not only more colorful, but also more cold-resistant and can withstand the test of wind and frost.
This little poem is not only an impromptu chant of scenery, but also a chant of objects and aspirations. It is the expression of the poet's inner spiritual world and the sustenance of his ambitions and interests, so it can enlighten and encourage readers.
This poem describes the colors of autumn, showing a moving picture of autumn colors in mountains and forests. The poem describes mountain roads, people's homes, white clouds, and red leaves, forming a harmonious and unified picture. These scenes are not juxtaposed with equal status, but are organically connected, with some masters and some slaves, some in the center of the picture, and some in a foil position. To put it simply, the first three sentences are objects, and the fourth sentence is subject. The first three sentences describe the background, create the atmosphere, and pave the way for the fourth sentence.
"The stone path is sloping up the cold mountain in the distance", writing about mountains and mountain roads. A winding path stretches towards the top of the mountain. The word "yuan" expresses the length of the mountain road, while the word "slant" echoes the word "up" and expresses the high and gentle shape of the mountain.
"There is a family in the place where Bai Yun was born." Write about clouds and people. The poet looked up along this mountain road. Where the white clouds floated, there were several stone houses and stone walls made of mountain rocks. The "people" here correspond to the "stone path" in the previous sentence - this mountain path is the passage up and down for those families, right? This organically links the two scenery together. There are white clouds hanging around, indicating that the mountain is very high. The poet uses the technique of crossing the clouds and breaking the mountains to block the readers' sight, but leaves room for imagination: above the white clouds, there must be mountains outside the clouds, there must be another kind of scenery, right?
The poet is only making objective descriptions of these scenery.
Although the word "cold" is used, it is only to tease out the word "late" and "frost" below, and does not express the poet's emotional tendency. After all, it is just preparing for the subsequent description - outlining the environment where Maple Forest is located.
"Stop and sit in the evening with Maple Leaf" is different. The tendency is already very clear and strong. The mountain road, white clouds, and people did not move the poet's heart, but the evening view of the maple forest made him unable to suppress his surprise. In order to stop and enjoy the scenery of the mountains and forests, I didn't even bother to drive. The scenery written in the first two sentences is already very beautiful, but what the poet loves is the maple forest. Through the contrast between the front and back, the ground has been laid for the description of the maple forest, and the momentum is sufficient, so it is a matter of course, leading to the fourth sentence, which points out the reason for loving the maple forest.
"Frost leaves are as red as February flowers", completes the third sentence, and the beautiful scenery of a late autumn maple forest is concretely displayed in front of us. The poet was pleasantly surprised to find that under the evening light of the setting sun, the maple leaves were flowing red, and the forests were dyed. The mountains were covered with cloud brocade, like shimmering clouds. It was redder and more gorgeous than the spring flowers in February in the south of the Yangtze River! What is commendable is that through this piece of red, the poet saw that the vitality of autumn like spring makes the autumn mountains and forests present a warm and vibrant scene.
The poet did not sigh with sadness when autumn came like other feudal literati. He praised the beauty of autumn colors in nature, which reflected a bold and upward spirit and a kind of heroic spirit. The flick of the pen shows the poet's talent and insight. This is a hymn to autumn colors.
The fourth sentence is the center of the whole poem. It was written by the poet with great concentration and concentration. Not only the sparse scenery in the first two sentences serves as a foil for this gorgeous autumn scenery, but even the sentence "stop and sit in the maple forest at night" seems to be a lyrical narrative, but actually plays the role of setting off the scenery: the parking and looking, intoxicated and intoxicated. The poet has also become part of the scenery. With this scene, the charm of autumn colors is even more apparent. But after one rewrite, it stops abruptly and becomes full of melodious charm and endless aftertaste.
Through the poet's emotional tendency, the poem uses the maple forest as the main scene to draw a warm and gorgeous autumn color picture of the mountain forest. The stone path leading up to Qiu Mountain in the distance first gives readers a distant view. The top of the mountain road is a place shrouded in white clouds. The road is made by people, so the white clouds are lingering but not ethereal. The cold mountains contain life, and the sentence "where the white clouds are born, there are people" becomes a natural thing. However, this is only building momentum for the next two sentences. Next, the poet clearly tells the reader that I am still parking in front of the mountain so late, just because the mountain in front of me is in full swing, better than the maple leaves of spring flowers. Compared with the white clouds in the distance and the houses that may not be visible, the maple forest is full of the pure beauty and vitality of life.