The poem "Spring Outlook" expresses Du Fu's pain and sorrow when facing the fall of the capital and the broken mountains and rivers. The author expresses his worries about his country and his family through the dilapidated scene in Chang'an City. It expresses the deep sorrow that the mountains and rivers remain the same, but everything in the world is completely different.
Original poem:
"Spring Hope" Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is full of spring vegetation.
I am moved to tears by the flowers, and the birds are frightened by the hatred.
The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold.
The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming.
Interpretation:
Chang'an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; spring came, and the sparsely populated Chang'an city was lush with vegetation.
When I feel sentimental about state affairs, I can’t help but burst into tears, and the chirping of birds frightens my heart, which only adds to the sorrow and hatred of separation.
The continuous war has lasted for more than half a year. Letters from home are rare, and one letter is worth tens of thousands of taels of gold.
Wrapped in melancholy, I scratched my head and thought. The more I scratched my head, the shorter my white hair became. It was almost impossible to insert a hairpin.
Extended information:
In July of the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755), Prince Li Heng was located in Lingwu (now part of Ningxia), known as Suzong in the world, and changed to Yuan Dynasty. After hearing the news, Du Fu defected to Suzong's court alone. Unfortunately, he was captured by the rebels on the way. He was not imprisoned because of his humble official position. In the spring of the second year of Zhide, Du Fu, who was in the occupied area, witnessed the desolate and desolate scene of Chang'an City. He had mixed feelings and wrote this masterpiece that has been passed down through the ages.
"The flowers shed tears when I feel the time, and I hate the other birds and are frightened." Flowers and birds are the most representative things in the spring scene, which can make people happy, but the poet is now facing the dilapidated capital city. , I don’t know when the army will be able to put down the rebellion, I don’t know how his wife and children will live in the chaos of war... All kinds of thoughts troubled him, how could he not shed tears when he saw flowers, and was frightened when he heard birds? This is naturally the poet’s empathy. the result of things.
In the poem "Spring Hope", the two lines that use personification to express the poet's sorrow for state affairs and longing for his family are: The flowers shed tears when feeling the time, and the birds are frightened when they hate farewell
"The war continues for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold." The war continues. I long for news about my relatives at home. It expresses the urgent mood of waiting for news without news for a long time, which makes people scream.
Using duality to describe the continuous wars of the An-Shi Rebellion, it was difficult for the poet to communicate with his family. At this time, a letter from home is extremely precious and can be worth ten thousand pieces of gold. It expresses the poet's longing for his family. Deep feelings. In particular, "A letter from home is worth ten thousand yuan" expresses the urgent mood of long-awaiting news without news. This is a thought that everyone has in their hearts, and it naturally makes people scream.
Facing the fallen mountains and rivers, an old man with white hair kept scratching his head and sighing because of anxiety and sorrow. The old man's long hair in the past is now falling off, and it is too short to put a bun into a bun. This detail described in the poem implicitly and profoundly expresses the poet's concern for his country and his family.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Spring Hope (Poetry by Du Fu)