Author: He Xun
It is easy to see the change of seasons in the garden. The most magical and remarkable change is the time of plum blossom.
Plum blossoms are not afraid of frost and cold wind. When it snows with zero frost, it opens on the roadside.
The branches and leaves of plum blossoms and flowers are blooming all over Yangzhou.
The blooming of plum blossoms can make abandoned people see the feeling of tears, and can also make people who fall in love with Jingxing and their families wrangle.
Plum blossoms probably know that they are early, so they bloom in the first month in a hurry.
Precautions:
1. Rabbit Garden: Originally the garden name of Liang Xiaowang in Han Dynasty, it refers to the forest garden in Yangzhou. Mark: Mark. Material sequence: time sequence, seasonal change. The meaning of these two sentences is that it is easy to see the seasonal changes in the garden, among which plum blossom is the most magical and can mark the seasonal changes.
2, accurate: than, right. These two sentences mean that plum blossoms are not afraid of frost and snow, nor are they afraid of cold. When it snows with zero frost, drive by the side of the road.
3. Queyueguan and Lingfengtai: They may all be Taiguan names in Yangzhou. These two sentences mean that plum blossoms are in full bloom around Taiguan.
4. Nagato: The name of the Han Palace. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once abandoned Queen Chen in the palace and wrote an article "Changmen Fu" for her. Lin Qiong: The name of Han County, where Sima Xiangru once drank and met Zhuo Wenjun. These two sentences mean that when the plum blossom is in full bloom, it can make the abandoned people cry when they see it, and it can also make the loved ones feel emotional.
5. Last spring: the first month in Meng Chun. These two sentences mean that plum blossoms probably know that they fall early, so they bloom in the first month.
Appreciate:
In 507 AD (six years), in April of the lunar calendar, General Jian of Fujun was appointed as Yang DuDu, the military department of Nanxu Erzhou and the secretariat of Yangzhou. He Xun moved to Shuicao to join the army and served as a part-time clerk, which won his trust and made him enjoy a feast every day. This poem was written in the early spring of the following year, and it is called Yangzhou Fa Cao Mei Hua. There is a cloud in Du Fu's poem "Seeing Fujian off in the East Pavilion in Dengzhou, Pei Di every morning", and officials in the East Pavilion are excited about the poem. How can they be embarrassed in Yangzhou? This poem attracted people's attention and was widely circulated. And this has also caused a lot of entanglement. Because some researchers neglected geography and mistook Yangzhou in the poem for Yangzhou today, they asserted that Liang Shu He Xun Biography didn't see Yangzhou. ("Du Gongbu Yipai Poetry Note" Volume 24 quoted the old note) Even attached the statement that He Xun is Yangzhou Guangling Library (Guangling is now Yangzhou City) ("Cai Mengbi Du Gongbu Caotang Poetry" Volume 25). In fact, Yangzhou in the poem is under the jurisdiction of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province today. Zhang Bangji, a Song Dynasty poet, made it very clear: I will read another collection of poems later, because there is this poem, and the preface of the collection was written by Liang Wang, a monk and Confucian. Your Highness Youyun (Xiao Wei) is a general of Zhongquan, a secretariat of Yangzhou, looks up to the son of heaven and says he is a saint. Holding the comet room, welcoming guests, opening the East Pavilion, competing for horses, temporarily raising the left seat, and competing for Zou pieces. You've heard of Ci, so you're deeply respectful, and you join the army as the Ministry of Water Affairs, and you're in charge of the writing room, and so on. Nai Zhixun tasted it in Yangzhou. However, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Qi Dynasty, the Liang Dynasty and the Chen Dynasty all took Jianye as Yangzhou, so the Yangzhou where Xun was located was the ear of Jianye, not the Guangling today. After the Sui Dynasty, Guangling became a famous country. ("Mo Zhuang Man Lu" Volume 1) Jianye is now Nanjing. When the East Pavilion opened, it was Du Shidong's poetic footnote to the official.
The rabbit garden built by Liang Xiaowang Liu Wu, the second son of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, is also called Liangyuan and Liangyuan. Historical records are called Dongyuan, which is located in the east of Shangqiu City, Henan Province. Why did you mark the rabbit garden at the beginning of your poem when you were in Yangzhou? This is because Xiao Wei of Jian 'an has many similarities with Liu Wu of Liang Xiaowang. "Historical Records of Liang Xiaowang" says: So the little Wang Jiandong Garden is more than 300 Li in Fiona Fang. Seventy miles away from Suiyang City, Guangzhou. Dazhigong is a complicated road, of which more than 30 miles belong to platforms. You should give the son of heaven a banner and ride a thousand troops and horses. Things are hunting, and it is intended to be the son of heaven. If you say anything, you will be warned. Recruit heroes from all directions, and people who lobby from Shandong will arrive. Where is Xiao Wei, the king of Jian 'an? The original words of Liang Shu: Wei Shao is fond of learning, forgives it sincerely, tends to be virtuous and pays attention to it, and is often inferior. Therefore, I am a traveler extending in all directions and a world celebrity. In the Qi Dynasty, Qingxi Palace was changed to Fanglinyuan. When he first entered the prison, Wei was given the first building. Wei added clothes and buildings, planted precious trees and precious fruits, which were extremely poor and beautiful. Every time he swims with guests, he is ordered to engage in Zhong Xiaolang Zifan to remember it. The prosperity of Liangfu is hard to see. The Fanglin Garden of Xiao Wei, the King of Jian 'an, is like the Rabbit Garden in Liu Wu, Liang Xiaowang. The rabbit garden in the poem means Fanglinyuan. There are hundreds of flowers in the garden. Why is there only one flower in Yongmei? This is because plum blossom has its own unique standards. Just when the earth is frozen and the trees are sparse, plum blossoms have already predicted the coming of spring, so the time of surprise is plum blossoms. Scenery characters use anthropomorphic brushwork to highlight the special sensitivity of plum blossoms to seasonal changes, which is particularly eye-catching. Then, I wrote four sentences based on frost, specifically describing the high standard rhyme of plum blossom. It is not afraid of the cold, proud of the cold snow, and it is open. It is precisely because plum blossoms are in full bloom and frost falls on them, so it is called a topic. It is precisely because plum blossoms are in full bloom, beautiful and charming, and they are in harmony with snow, so they are reflected. However, the main scenic spots in the park are definitely the Moon View and Lingfeng Terrace, and the natural plum blossoms are more abundant. The fiercer the snow, the stronger the integrity of the flower. (The first part of Lu You's "Falling Plums") A horizontal character writes the noble character of plum blossom in full bloom; A tortuous word describes the charming form of plum blossom in spring. Grammatically speaking, frost and snow are verb-object structures and branches and flowers are subject-predicate structures, thus writing a touching scene in which plum blossoms are in full bloom and the garden is full of brilliance.
Plum blossoms in the garden are full of poetry. The poet can't help but associate flowers with people and think of many stories of joys and sorrows in the world. Empress Chen, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was arrogant and extravagant by nature, but eventually fell out of favor and retired to the palace because of her arrogance and extravagance. When she heard Sima Xiangru's works, she presented 100 Jin of gold, which was like "Longmen Fu". As the saying goes in China, she burst into tears. Relax and increase, and hesitate when walking. At night, when I am old, I can't suppress it any more. Therefore, the poem reads: Tears for Nagato. "Historical Records Biography of Sima Xiangru" contains: I am happy to be near Joan, riding a car, elegant and luxurious; And drink Zhuo's wine, play the piano, and spy on your family. If you like it, you may not allow it. Not only that, it makes people pay attention to the waiters in Wen Jun again. Died at night, they ran like each other and liked each other, but he and Chi returned to Chengdu. Wen Jun's father, Zhuo Wangsun, began to oppose their marriage. After persuasion, he had to give Wen Jun 100 children, millions of dollars and their wedding dresses and property. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he became a corps commander and was sent to southwest ethnic minority areas to meet the satrap of Shu. The county magistrate was a pioneer of crossbows, and Shu people thought it was a pet. So, Zhuo Wangsun and Lin Qiong both offered cows and wine to make love. King Zhuo Sun sighed with shame. He thought his maid was later than Sima Changqing, but his wealth was equal to that of men. Therefore, the poem says: stay in the Lin Qiong Cup at night. Sprinkle two sentences, one is sad and one is happy, and one is divided into one, which is in stark contrast. These two things are related to Sima Xiangru. Why did you think of Sima Xiangru when you wrote Plums in the Rabbit Garden? Because there is still karma between Sima Xiangru and Liang Xiaowang. Liang Xiaowang went to Chang 'an, the capital, and brought a group of people, including Zou Yang, Mei Cheng and Zhuang Ji. He liked it at first sight, so he resigned on the pretext of being ill, and Liang Xiaowang let him live with other students for several years, which was a myth (see Historical Records of Sima Xiangru). The poet compared King Jian 'an to Liang Xiaowang, Fanglin Garden to Rabbit Garden, and himself to Sima Xiangru. Some people say: it is like a boudoir, and it is like a wanderer, which means that you can see plum blossoms in the boudoir and a wanderer can stop drinking and miss home. (He Rong's Notes on the Poems of Heshui Department) This kind of understanding seems to be out of the ordinary, and it is not consistent with the tone of the whole poem. Xiao Wei, the king of Jian 'an, likes to meet guests. He Xun won his trust and reuse with his outstanding talent, so he was cited as a water soldier and served as a document, which was a great honor. He Xun is full of ambition, and it seems that there should be no negative and sad sigh. Finally, we should know that autumn is early, so the sentences in spring come one by one, implying the idea that life is limited and we should make contributions as soon as possible. The tone of the whole poem is positive. Sima Xiangru is the metaphor of the author, while Yongmei is used to show his firm sentiment and lofty ambition. Lu Shiyong said: He Xun loves plum, but plum poetry is never good. Its advantage is that it goes beyond the skeleton. (The Mirror of Ancient Poetry, Volume 22) This is a superficial view.
Zaomei
Liu Zongyuan's jujube sister
Early plum trees reflect Chu Tianbi.
At night, the north wind blows and smells fragrant, adding a touch of white to the thick frost in the morning.
I want to fold it and send it thousands of miles away, but there is no way to answer the question.
Cold English is on pins and needles, why comfort distant guests?
Translation and annotation
Chimonanthus praecox bloomed early on the tall trees, and the flowers set off the blue southern sky. At night, the north wind blows a wisp of fragrance, and the frost moistens the white and beautiful flowers in the morning. It's a long way to send flowers to friends and relatives thousands of miles away. Flowers will wither in the cold wind. What can be used to comfort distant guests?
Make an appreciative comment
Plum blossom is proud of frost and snow, which has always been the object of poets' praise and often used as a metaphor to express the author's interest. So is Liu Zongyuan. In the poem "Early Plum", Liu Zongyuan described the charm of plum blossom opening early in the cold wind, showing his aloof and noble character and indomitable spirit of struggle.
The whole poem has two meanings, the first four sentences are chanting things, and the last four sentences are lyrical. The early plum blossoms are on the high branches, looking at the blue sky from a distance. The pen is extraordinary and the gesture is abrupt. Early plum is different from other flowers. In the cold winter when all is silent, the buds bloom and all the flowers fall (Lin Bu's Xiao Mei in the Garden in the Mountain). In a word, the vibrant image of Jujube Girl with her head held high is vividly displayed in front of readers. Its lofty and broad blue sky not only embodies the color of plum blossom, but also highlights its elegance and uniqueness. However, Gao Shu's lofty moral integrity is empty by reality, suggesting that the poet does not agree with vulgarity and is superior to the people of the time. The north wind is floating in Ye Xiang, and the frosty white flowers are closely related to the harsh environment of plum blossom in the first two sentences, which shows the different styles of plum blossom. These two poems are similar to Lu You's poem "Falling Plum". The snowstorm and gluttony are even more awe-inspiring, and so is the highest integrity among flowers. Both of them praise the unyielding character of plum blossom that disdains frost and snow. In fact, the environment in which Zaomei lives is the epitome of Liu Zongyuan's political environment. After the failure of Yongzheng political reform, Liu Zongyuan was exiled to a remote and backward southern wilderness, living a prisoner's life and being severely devastated physically and mentally. In the face of repeated blows from decadent forces, he always sticks to his ideals and holds firm confidence. He said: if you stick to the way of being a saint, you will learn from the big and medium. Although you were rejected, more importantly. ("Answering Zhou Jun's Nest Bait Medicine Longevity Book")
Seeing the admirable plum blossom, the author thought of relatives and friends far away, so he expressed his feelings in one sentence: Although he wanted to give Wan Li a gift, Han Ying sat down and held it down. Why should we comfort distant guests? The first two sentences are poems given by Lu Kai to Ye Fan and to leading families. There is nothing in Jiangnan. I gave it a spring to dig it out, but the meaning is different. Lu's poems are free and easy, while Liu's poems are gloomy. This is because the situation of Liu Zongyuan's poetry is different from that of Lu Kai. After Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, crimes and disadvantages were intertwined, and doubts prevailed. Therefore, I dare not communicate with him. How much Liu Zongyuan misses his relatives and friends in loneliness! So I thought of folding plums, but my relatives and friends are thousands of miles away, so it is impossible to send them. Besides geographical reasons, there are also political reasons. As a prisoner, he can't bring trouble to his relatives and friends, what's more, Han Ying is on pins and needles, so why should he comfort distant guests? Liu Zongyuan thought of his life experience and his situation from Mei's early opening and early setting. Why not worry? Worry? It is precisely because he is worried about its early opening and early decision that Liu Zongyuan is also encouraging himself and urging himself. In fact, although he was forced to leave Yongzhou politics, he continued to strive for self-improvement. He visited books in his spare time, earnestly studied and summarized the practice in the first half of his life, and made great efforts to achieve fruitful results in theory and literature. This is his comfort to his relatives and friends. The thoughts and feelings expressed in "Four Poems for Wan Li" are very complicated, including missing relatives and friends, being unfair to oneself and failing to realize the ideal of helping others.
Liu Zongyuan is a man who has a strong desire to join the WTO and is unwilling to be lonely, but he lives a wandering life in Yongzhou, far from political activities. The pain brought by relegation always reverberates in his heart and is reflected in his poems. As Mr. Sun Changwu said, it is the unity of simplicity and lightness in expression and the depth and fierceness of inner feelings. This poem goes like this. It depicts the image of Zaomei standing proudly with her head held high in simple and sparse language, and expresses the poet's feelings. Everything difficult to write is in front of her eyes, and there are endless opinions. Mei's personality is integrated with the author's personality, which is implicit and profound and gives people a strong appeal. Early plum grows tall.
Liu Zongyuan's early plum blossoms made her grow taller.
The early plum blossoms are on the high branches, looking at the blue sky from a distance.
The north wind is floating in Ye Xiang, and the frost is white.
I want to fold it and send it thousands of miles away, but there is no way to answer the question.
Seeing that the cold winter is about to wither, what can I use to comfort my distant friends?
Translation and annotation
Chimonanthus praecox bloomed early on the tall trees, and the flowers set off the blue southern sky.
At night, the north wind blows a wisp of fragrance, and the frost moistens the white and beautiful flowers in the morning.
It's a long way to send flowers to friends and relatives thousands of miles away.
Flowers will wither in the cold wind. What can be used to comfort distant guests?
Make an appreciative comment
Plum blossom is proud of frost and snow, which has always been the object of poets' praise and often used as a metaphor to express the author's interest. So is Liu Zongyuan. In the poem "Early Plum", Liu Zongyuan described the charm of plum blossom opening early in the cold wind, showing his aloof and noble character and indomitable spirit of struggle.
The whole poem has two meanings, the first four sentences are chanting things, and the last four sentences are lyrical. The early plum blossoms are on the high branches, looking at the blue sky from a distance. The pen is extraordinary and the gesture is abrupt. Early plum is different from other flowers. In the cold winter when all is silent, the buds bloom and all the flowers fall (Lin Bu's Xiao Mei in the Garden in the Mountain). In a word, the vibrant image of Jujube Girl with her head held high is vividly displayed in front of readers. Its lofty and broad blue sky not only embodies the color of plum blossom, but also highlights its elegance and uniqueness. However, Gao Shu's lofty moral integrity is empty by reality, suggesting that the poet does not agree with vulgarity and is superior to the people of the time. The north wind is floating in Ye Xiang, and the frosty white flowers are closely related to the harsh environment of plum blossom in the first two sentences, which shows the unique character of plum blossom. These two poems are similar to those in Lu You's poem Falling Plum, which shows the cruelty of snow and is even more awe-inspiring, as is the highest integrity among flowers, and both praise the unyielding character of plum blossom that disdains frost and snow. In fact, the environment in which Zaomei lives is the epitome of Liu Zongyuan's political environment. After the failure of Yongzheng political reform, Liu Zongyuan was exiled to a remote and backward southern wilderness, living a prisoner's life and being severely devastated physically and mentally. In the face of repeated blows from decadent forces, he always sticks to his ideals and holds firm confidence. He said: if you stick to the way of being a saint, you will learn from the big and medium. Although you were rejected, more importantly. ("Answering Zhou Jun's Nest Bait Medicine Longevity Book")
Seeing the admirable plum blossom, the author thought of relatives and friends far away, so he expressed his feelings in one sentence: Although he wanted to give Wan Li a gift, Han Ying sat down and held it down. Why should we comfort distant guests? The first two sentences are poems given by Lu Kai to Ye Fan and to leading families. There is nothing in Jiangnan. I gave it a spring to dig it out, but the meaning is different. Lu's poems are free and easy, while Liu's poems are gloomy. This is because the situation of Liu Zongyuan's poetry is different from that of Lu Kai. After Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, crimes and disadvantages were intertwined, and doubts prevailed. Therefore, I dare not communicate with him. How much Liu Zongyuan misses his relatives and friends in loneliness! So I thought of folding plums, but my relatives and friends are thousands of miles away, so it is impossible to send them. Besides geographical reasons, there are also political reasons. As a prisoner, he can't bring trouble to his relatives and friends, what's more, Han Ying is on pins and needles, so why should he comfort distant guests? Liu Zongyuan thought of his life experience and his situation from Mei's early opening and early setting. Why not worry? Worry? It is precisely because he is worried about its early opening and early decision that Liu Zongyuan is also encouraging himself and urging himself. In fact, although he was forced to leave Yongzhou politics, he continued to strive for self-improvement. He visited books in his spare time, earnestly studied and summarized the practice in the first half of his life, and made great efforts to achieve fruitful results in theory and literature. This is his comfort to his relatives and friends. The thoughts and feelings expressed in "Four Poems for Wan Li" are very complicated, including missing relatives and friends, being unfair to oneself and failing to realize the ideal of helping others.
Liu Zongyuan is a man who has a strong desire to join the WTO and is unwilling to be lonely, but he lives a wandering life in Yongzhou, far from political activities. The pain brought by relegation always reverberates in his heart and is reflected in his poems. As Mr. Sun Changwu said, it is the unity of simplicity and lightness in expression and the depth and fierceness of inner feelings. This poem goes like this. It depicts the image of Zaomei standing proudly with her head held high in simple and sparse language, and expresses the poet's feelings. Everything difficult to write is in front of her eyes, and there are endless opinions. Mei's personality is integrated with the author's personality, which is implicit and profound and gives people a strong appeal. Early plum poems
Early plum poems
Zaomei
Author: Zhang Wei
Original text:
A tree with cold plum and white jade belt is near the village road and creek bridge.
I don't know if I started spraying water recently, but I suspect it didn't sell after the winter snow.
Precautions:
1, Tim: far.
2. Next: Close.
3, hair: open.
4. After beginning of winter: After beginning of winter.
5, pin: disappear, melt. This refers to the melting of ice and snow.
Poetic:
There is a tree with plum blossoms that blooms early and its branches are as white as jade.
It is far from the village road where people come and go, and close to the bridge.
People don't know that cold plum blooms by the stream.
Thought it was snow that didn't melt after winter.
Appreciate:
This poem eulogizes the nobleness of Zaomei, but the author does not comment or praise it, but clearly depicts the noble character of Zaomei and the poet's praise.
A cold plum tree with white jade belt depicts the beautiful appearance of early plum blossoms. A tree is actually all trees, describing the dense and colorful flowers; Cold plum refers to the early flowering, still in the cold season of late winter and early spring, followed by the early word; White jade strips vividly depict the beautiful white posture of plum blossom, which is as dazzling as pieces of white jade. This is a description of the appearance of plum blossoms, which is tangible and fascinating.
Jionglin Village Road is close to Xiqiao, which shows the noble character of Zaomei from the growth environment. Flowers and plants are ignorant of the growing environment, but the poets here are integrated with people's ideas in the real scenery, as if Han Mei deliberately stayed away from the village road and walked to the remote bridge by the stream, quietly opening alone. This gives jujube sister the noble character of not fighting for the world and grandstanding. In this way, the artistic conception of the poem is broadened, which highlights the nobleness of early plum. The last two sentences express the poet's feelings when he first saw the plum blossoms blooming by the bridge. I don't know that the beginning of near-water spray is a turning point after two sentences about early plum, and I expressed my surprise at near-water early plum with amazing tone. Doubt is the reason why I don't know the winter snow has not been sold. It's more vivid to use a doubtful word. It vividly reproduces the poet's surprise at that time. The poet seems unable to believe that his eyes see plum blossoms, but he doubts whether the unmelted winter snow is pressing on the branches. This closely echoes the white jade stripe in the first sentence, which is a metaphor for the white and awe-inspiring image and character of plum blossom, thus putting the poem into practice implicitly and tactfully, further deepening the theme of the poem and strengthening people's worship of early plum blossom.
A quatrains, only 28 words, can write the plum blossom so beautifully. In addition to novel ideas, the poet can capture the characteristics of early plum, such as color (whiteness), location (remoteness), season (early spring), temperament (cold resistance) and posture (beauty), and refine and summarize them artistically with the help of white jade strips and winter snow. Mei and Xue often form an indissoluble bond in the poet's works. For example, Xu Hun's poem "Early Plum Blossom" says: A tree with plain snow describes plum blossoms as snow, while Zhang Qian's poem suspects plum blossoms as snow, with different intentions. For cold plum blossom hair, all kinds of jade are like snow, and many poets have had similar illusions of doubt.
In the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi said in a poem, "It is not snow at a distance, because it has a delicate fragrance, and it is also suspected that it is snow first. Only when the faint fragrance strikes, can we know that it is plum, not snow, which is similar to this artistic conception. " Zhang Wei's poems, however, started from the plum blossom that is as jade as snow, and started from the water, and wrote the shape and spirit of the early plum blossom, as well as the cognitive process of the poet's exploration and search. Through the surface, I wrote the spiritual harmony between the poet and Han Mei.