This article wrote several fragments of Lao Wang's life. Lao Wang has suffered all his life. Survive on an old tricycle. During the "Cultural Revolution", the tricycle carrying passengers was banned, and his livelihood was even more embarrassing, so he had to make do with it. He has been a bachelor all his life and is very lonely. He lives in a remote alley, with a shabby hut and bad eyes. His life is bleak and difficult.
But Lao Wang is kind-hearted, upright, responsible and caring. He needs money, but he never charges a penny more for doing business, and he is very affectionate and righteous. He is often willing to do his duty or charge less.
Novels, poems and literary works were all written during the Cultural Revolution, which was a turbulent and absurd era. Academic authority was regarded as "reactionary academic authority", which was pushed to the ground by the rebels and trampled on wantonly. However, any bad style has no influence on Lao Wang. He still respects the author and his wife. He recognized them as good people, thanked them for their kindness, and thanked them when he died. Although the Lao Wang described by the author is poor and humble, his spirit has not been polluted. He has a moral conscience and is an extremely simple and kind person.
[Edit this paragraph] A complete explanation of the topic.
By writing about Lao Wang's life experience, life fragments related to Lao Wang and her remorse after her death, the author highly praised Lao Wang's kindness in the predicament. Implicitly put forward the social problem of caring for the unfortunate.
[Edit this paragraph] Research on the problem
1. Why can the author's family care and love such an unfortunate person as Lao Wang so much? People with superior social status and living conditions often look down on humble people. What kind of spirit should we have to respect, understand and care for people like authors?
Judging from the article, the most important thing is the concept of equality. In the author's opinion, people are born equal, with different circumstances, even great differences, but the differences are caused by luck and misfortune. The so-called luck and misfortune include natural conditions, growth conditions and physical conditions. Lucky people only have the responsibility to take care of the unfortunate people, and there is no reason to discriminate against the unfortunate people. With the sense of equality, we can talk on an equal footing and feel that people have come to our door. It is a pity that we didn't invite him to sit down and have a cup of tea.
Then there is the humanitarian spirit. This spirit requires the society to care for and sympathize with individuals, respect their contribution to society, respect their personality, safeguard the basic rights of social members and promote the all-round development of all workers. The author's family has this spirit towards Lao Wang. Knowing that Lao Wang had night blindness, he sent a large bottle of cod liver oil. They always take care of Lao Wang's business, take his car and let him make some money. Lao Wang is always polite to collect money. They always pay at the original price. I don't dare to sit flat for three rounds, but I still care about whether old Wang Can can support his life. In a word, only by caring about the unfortunate people can we care and love people so much.
In the last few days of his life, Lao Wang was stiff and looked very scary. There is only sympathy and sadness in the author's heart. Lao Wang has been dead for several years, and I always feel ashamed of this unfortunate person when I think about it. He always felt that he didn't care enough about him before his death. These are all the socialist humanitarian spirits advocated by citizen's moral construction.
The material of this essay is trivial, but it has become an organic whole through the organization of the author. How is the author organized?
To study this problem, we can make an outline first, and then explore why we should arrange it this way. It can be seen that the author uses both logical order and chronological order to arrange. The first four paragraphs first write three basic information about Lao Wang. These three points are arranged in logical order. One is occupation, which is Lao Wang's means of making a living, the other is physical defect, which is Lao Wang's difficulty in making a living, and the third is living conditions, which are the results of the first two points. With less income, life is of course bitter. The following three paragraphs, in chronological order, recall Lao Wang's work and life. Two paragraphs describe him as a good man, and one describes that during the Cultural Revolution, his livelihood became more and more difficult. The last episode is the day before Lao Wang died, which can best reflect Lao Wang's kindness.
In addition to the orderly arrangement of paragraphs, we should also dig out clues that run through the whole text. It can be seen that the communication between the author and Lao Wang is a clue. Sitting in Lao Wang's tricycle, chatting all the way, the author is approachable and Lao Wang is willing to tell his life story. Writing about Lao Wang's eye disease, he said that his daughter gave him a large bottle of cod liver oil, which shows that the family took care of Lao Wang. Lao Wang is kind to Qian's family, and both sides are always very polite in service charges. You can't sit on the platform after changing from three to three rounds. The author is still very concerned about Lao Wang, which is good for Lao Wang, so Lao Wang always feels indebted and wants to express his gratitude in the last days of his life. Taking each other's communication as a clue, the full text comes down in one continuous line and becomes an organic whole.
[Edit this paragraph] background of the times
First of all, is Lao Wang's kindness the only description in the article? I don't think so. The article begins with: "After the liberation of Beijing, people riding tricycles are organized. At that time, he was "slow-headed" and "one step late" and couldn't get in. He lamented that he was "old and useless". Lao Wang often has the fear of being behind the times, because he is a single-handed household, and all he relies on is a worn-out tricycle. " Is this just about Lao Wang's honesty and kindness? In fact, this is not only about Lao Wang's honesty and kindness, but also a satire and accusation against the era when black and white were reversed. So the author wrote the kindness of Lao Wang in a big background-it was a black and evil age.
Secondly, Lao Wang is a very kind person. What about the Jiang Yang family? The article has written many times about how the Jiang Yang family treated Lao Wang, which shows that the kindness of the Jiang Yang family has been extended to their daughter. In other words, this article not only wrote about a person's kindness, but also wrote about the nostalgia of an unusually kind person for another unusually kind person, and wrote about the mutual warmth of kind people in adversity.
Finally, the core sentence in the article is: "After several years, I gradually understand that a lucky person is a pity for an unfortunate person." This sentence has never been understood well. First of all, I must ask: Is Jiang Yang a lucky man? The answer is no, there is such a detail in the article: "I must give him money. He asked me in a hoarse voice, "Do you have any money?" I smiled and said that I had money, but he didn't trust me. "From this point, we can see the hardships of Jiang Yang's family. As we know, Jiang Yang's family suffered a lot in that special era, and they lost their son-in-law and daughter successively. After the Cultural Revolution, most intellectuals would blame themselves for their misfortunes, and Jiang Yang told Lao Wang that he was a lucky man, which reflected an attitude towards suffering. "We live far apart." In that case, the Jiang Yang family was very kind to Lao Wang, so where did the sense of guilt come from? This is the core of this paper.
I noticed the prompt at the front of the text: "There are some people around us who live as hard as Lao Wang. They are not valued, but they have a heart of gold. Are you aware of the kindness of these people? How do you treat them? After reading this text, maybe you will have a lot of feelings. " I think there are some opinions. In Jiang Yang's prose, the shadow of the times flashed. In this great era, seeing Lao Wang's kindness has a different meaning, not only an affirmation of kindness, but also contains more complicated things. In my opinion, it is absolutely a shame for this society that a really kind and hardworking person lives as hard as Lao Wang and finally dies like an ant, which fully shows that this society is not a normal society. I believe this is the richness of this article.
When Jiang Yang wrote this article, he had gone through troubled times. When she recalls the kind people she met in troubled times, we feel more trust in human nature than blame. Or, because of kindness, she is more likely to ignore suffering and see the brilliance of human nature in times of suffering. A colleague commented in class that although Jiang Yang's life is unfortunate, compared with Lao Wang, he is always lucky. I don't think this explanation is reasonable, because the happiness and misfortune of intellectuals can't be measured only by the standard of living, and (besides, life in Jiang Yang is really hard) misfortune has different meanings for different people. At that time, no one was spared. You had only two choices, either go with the flow or stick to your kindness or conscience. For Lao Wang, there is another option, such as joining an organization that pedals tricycles. ("organization" is an intriguing word in a special era) And I believe that in any society, people should be closely related to each other. This feeling is similar to the original sin in Christianity. Therefore, in Jiang Yang's view, we should all feel guilty for every kind and unfortunate person in that era when black and white were reversed.
Therefore, it is interesting for teachers to interpret Jiang Yang's article as "sending the old man across the street". Richer satire and criticism of the specific era, affirmation and call for goodness in human nature, and thinking about the relationship between people have all been omitted.
[Edit this paragraph] Writing skills
Argument and lyric in narrative;
Narrative is mainly expressed by narration and description, but discussion and lyricism are often used in narrative. When reading the narrative, we should pay attention to how the author discusses and expresses emotion on the basis of the narrative.
In general, the narration is first described and then discussed, so that the author can improve his understanding of the narration and enhance the ideological depth of the article; There is also a discussion before narration, which makes readers think quickly about what will be described and attracts close attention to the following. In some narratives, the author does not directly comment on what he wrote, but a character in the article makes comments and comments. In short, the purpose of discussion in narrative is to directly point out and deepen the meaning of what is written, some of which are the central meaning of the article and play a leading role in the full text. Therefore, when reading, we should carefully ponder the exposition in the narrative, pay attention to its relationship with the narrative and descriptive text, and its role in the article.
There are two ways to express emotions in narrative. One is that the author directly expresses his thoughts and feelings about things on the basis of narration. Only by mastering the basis of this feeling can he be more deeply infected when reading. There is also a feeling for people and things, which permeates between the lines of narration and description, and is the author's feeling. When reading, we should pay attention to accepting infection and beauty in the content of scene blending and scene combination.
The general idea of this paragraph is:
Based on the process of knowing, interacting and getting along with Lao Wang, this paper describes some trivial things in Lao Wang's life in chronological order.
Accordingly, the full text can be divided into three parts: The first part (1 ~ 4) describes the acquaintance between "I" and Lao Wang, and summarizes Lao Wang's life experience, experience and unfortunate experience of blindness.
The second part (paragraphs 5 ~ 7) describes the intersection of "I" and Lao Wang and Lao Wang's misfortune.
The third part (8~22 paragraphs) describes the guilt, emotion and admiration that Lao Wang gave me, eggs and sesame oil before his death.
explain
Tā bài: collapse, collapse and retreat.
Y incarnation: bend over (waist) and bend over (back)
Cloud (y √): scar left after corneal lesion.
Dull and clumsy, describing someone who is slow in action or thinking.
Feel uneasy and guilty because of shortcomings or mistakes.