Translation of ancient poems
Jiangshan bathes in spring,
How beautiful,
When the spring breeze blows, the fragrance of flowers and plants wafts away.
After the soil melted, the swallows were busy building nests with wet mud in their mouths.
Couples of mandarin ducks fell asleep on the warm beach.
Poetry annotation
(1) Evening: refers to spring. "Evening Day" comes from the Book of Songs in July: "Spring comes late." In spring, the sunshine time is getting longer and longer, and the weather is getting warmer and warmer. As the saying goes, "The early days are getting warmer and longer" (Ouyang Jiong's Good Spring).
(2) Mud melting: In winter, the land freezes because of the cold. In spring, the temperature rises and warms, and the frozen soil melts and becomes wet and soft.
(3) Yuanyang: a beautiful waterfowl. The man is called Yuanyang, and the woman is called Yuanyang. They usually live together in pairs. Therefore, Yuanyang is often used to describe the love between men and women in our China culture.
Learn poetry from pictures.
The copyright of this illustrated poem belongs to Ma Tianshihua.
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This poem uses natural and fluent language to write a school of business-rich spring scenery, with fresh style and bright artistic conception, expressing the poet's happy mood of loving nature.
At the beginning of the poem, I began to use ink from a big place and described the beautiful spring scenery around Huanhuaxi in the bright sunshine in early spring. This pen is simple and colorful. "Late day" means spring day, which is used to highlight the sunshine in early spring to control the whole article. At the same time, the word "Li" is used to dye "Jiangshan", which shows the beautiful scenery of beautiful spring and green streams reflecting the sun. Although this is a sketch, the bottom of the pen is a spring swing.
The poet of "Spring Breeze, Flowers and Plants Fragrance" further displayed the beautiful and wonderful spring scenery with warm spring breeze, blooming flowers, lush grass and rich fragrance. Because the poet organically organizes sunshine, mountains and rivers, spring breeze, flowers and plants and their fragrance, people feel immersive. Therefore, through association, we can feel calm, let a hundred flowers blossom and send flowers in the wind, and we can receive immersive artistic effects. On the basis of bright and broad pictures, three or four sentences turn to a concrete and vivid description of the early spring scenery.
The poet "Swallow in the Mud" chooses the most common and distinctive dynamic scenery in early spring to sketch. In spring, the flowers bloom, the soil melts, the soil is wet, and the swallows that come from autumn to spring are busy flying around and building nests with the soil. This vivid description makes the picture more vibrant, full of the breath of spring, and has a dynamic beauty. Du Fu's observation of swallows is very detailed, and "mud melting" is closely related to the first sentence, because spring returns to the earth and the sun shines brightly, which is "mud melting"; The new Yanzi made a nest out of the mud in his mouth and kept flying, showing a feeling of spring.
"Sleeping on a warm beach" is a static scene. Spring melts, the sun is shining and the beach is warm. Yuanyang should also enjoy the warmth of this spring and sleep on the sandbar by the stream. This is also closely related to the first sentence, because "the sun came late" warmed the beach, and the warmth of the beach attracted couples of mandarin ducks to come out of the water and bathe in the bright sunshine, which was so leisurely. From the description of the scenery, it is in contrast to the dynamic flying swallow in the third sentence, which is dynamic and static, and sets each other off. These two sentences depict the flying swallow with mud and the sleeping mandarin duck with meticulous brushwork, and cooperate with one or two sentences to outline the broad and bright scenery, which makes the whole picture harmonious and unified, forming a colorful, prosperous and aesthetic early spring scenery map.
Tao Yu, a Qing Dynasty man, said that Du Fu's brushwork was exquisite and he could "paint with poetry" (saying Du Fu). This poem can prove it. But the beauty of this five-element poem is not limited to "painting with poetry", and the poet deliberately conveys the soft spring he feels. If late spring, beautiful scenery, breeze, flowers, swallows and mandarin ducks are all felt by poets with vision, touch (wind) and smell, then the "melting" of soil and the "warmth" of gravel are not the direct feelings of the five senses. It is precisely because of the sunny spring, beautiful wind and fragrant flowers that the poet can imagine the looseness of the soil and the warmth of the gravel without touching it; The melting of mud and the warm experience of sand have deepened the lightness and casual visual impression of Feiyan, and immersed the poet's whole body and mind in a soft, harmonious and spring atmosphere.
On poetry by knowing people.
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang.
Creative background: Due to the "An Shi Rebellion", Du Fu lived in an era of declining political style, incessant wars and poor people, and his lofty aspirations could not be realized. In 759 AD, Du Fu resigned resolutely and went all the way down to Chengdu, Sichuan, where he lived by the Huanhua River. He built a thatched cottage there and lived in Chengdu for nearly four years. ? In 763 AD, the "An Shi Rebellion" was put down, and Du Fu was in a good mood. Faced with this vibrant spring scene, he couldn't help writing this impromptu poem.
Famous comments
A detailed explanation of Du Fu's poems: Yang Shen said: A quatrain is a quatrain, which began with the poem "Four Seasons Fu". It is also true that the autumn moon shines brightly and the winter ridge is solitary and loose. Today, according to this poem, prepare a chapter at four o'clock. There are four similar lines in Du Fu's poems: "The sunset is beautiful, and the flowers and plants are fragrant in the spring breeze". (Five-word quatrain) About the breakup, the person who broke up flows in one breath and forms his own beginning and end. This is also the right way. If the four sentences are all right, the combination of rhythm and poetry has no wonderful echo from beginning to end. It must be Bo's poem "Give Li Fourteen": "The bamboos are scattered in three paths, and flying flowers are around. Never be in the Yangtze River House, there are no Shogen people here. " Everything is right, which means flowing. The four sentences are self-contained and really excellent. "... don't say" a late day ",but it's like a school conversation.
"He Lin Yu Record": Du Shaoling's quatrains say: "It's beautiful when the sun sets ... the sand is warm and the mandarin ducks sleep." Or what is the difference between this and the child's genus. Yu Yue: Otherwise, the last two sentences, I think these two rooms are not business; The next two sentences show that everything is uncomfortable. Isn't it enough to swim here and feel the joy inside? Generally speaking, the good poems of the ancients depend on how people view them and what they do with them.
"Art Garden": Thanks for talking about poetry. In five words, Shaoling's "Sunrise Fendong Water" is definitely the poetic method. In addition, the Song people take "beautiful scenery in the evening" as the law. These are pedants who teach children to howl.
Notes on Tang poetry: It means cherishing spring, but it is contained in the cross, which is wonderful.
Poetry allusion-"Yuanyang"
There are many stories about Yuanyang. For example, there is a phrase "Han Ping and his wife" in Ji Shen:
It is said that there was a man named Han Ping in Song State. He was an official under the king. Han Ping's wife is very beautiful, and the king wants to keep it for himself. However, Han Ping and his wife fell in love and vowed to die unyielding. So, first Han Ping committed suicide, and then Han Ping's wife also committed suicide. Han Ping's wife left a last word to the king, hoping that the king would be merciful and bury them together. But, ah, this king is very bad. He had Han Ping and his wife buried separately. There is a long distance between the two graves. This guy also said, "Don't you husband and wife love each other?" If your graves can automatically close together, I will never stop you again! "Think about it. Is it possible? However, fairy tales are fairy tales and strange things have happened. One night, Han Ping and his wife grew a tree on their grave. This tree grows very fast and in the opposite direction. Within a few days, the roots and branches grew together. There are also two mandarin ducks in the tree, a female and a male, who stay together all day, whining and never leaving. People say that this mandarin duck was made by Han with the soul of husband and wife.
In the poem Peacock Flying Southeast, which is known as one of the "two beauties of Yuefu", when the protagonists Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi both committed suicide, they all had similar contents: the two families sought to be buried together and were buried next to Huashan Mountain. Pine and cypress are planted in the east and west, and phoenix trees are planted in the left and right. Branches cover each other and leaves communicate with each other. There are two birds in the forest, calling themselves Yuanyang, looking up at each other and singing, reaching the fifth watch every night.
Graphic line drawing printing
The copyright of this illustrated poem belongs to Ma Tianshihua.
Remarks: This article is integrated from poetry websites such as Ancient Poetry Network, with references:
1, Ma Wei. Appreciation of China Classical Poet Du Fu: Commercial Press International Limited, 2014:162-164.
2. Xiao Di flies. Appreciation Dictionary of Tang Poetry: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1983: 533-534.
3. Fu Demin. Appreciation of famous sentences in Tang poetry: Bashu Bookstore, 2012:183-185.