Li He (790 ~ 8 16) was born in Fuchang, Henan (now Yiyang, Henan). He calls himself "Longxi Changji" and "Ji Chengren". Two books in the Tang Dynasty said that he was the "Queen of the Imperial Clan Zheng Wang". In the Tang Dynasty, there was Prince Zheng Er, whose distant ancestor was Li Yuan's uncle, not Li Yuan's tenth son. Li He has been away from Li Liang for nearly 200 years, and his relationship with the royal family has been extremely alienated. Father Li Jinsu's official position is not high either. Li He was born in such an imperial family with a distant branch and a broken family.
Li He became famous when he was a teenager, and when he was about fifteen. People call him "Li Er", just like Li Yi, a famous poet of the older generation. He has his own eccentric habit of writing poems. He doesn't want to write poems behind closed doors. He likes to look for inspiration for poems in a wider life world outside his family. Li Shangyin wrote Biography of Li Changji? Quotheng was a slave since he was a child, riding a donkey and carrying an old tattered kit. When he got anything, he put the book in his bag. When I got home at dusk, Mrs. Tai took the maid out of her bag and saw a lot of books. She said,' It's my duty to express my heart!' I got on the lamp, ate my meal, took the book from the maid, ground ink and folded paper, and threw it into his bag. If it weren't for the drunken funeral, the rate would be hopeless. "
At the age of eighteen, Li He came to Luoyang, the eastern capital, from Changgu. At this time, Han Yu was appointed as Dr. Guo Zi, and his capital was enfeoffed. Li He paid a visit to him with the poem "Wild Goose Gate Taishouxing" and was appreciated. Two years later, Han Yu was appointed as a foreign minister, and Huangfu was appointed as the censor and toured the eastern capital. They went to visit Li He together.
In the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), Li He, 2 1 year-old, took the Henan Provincial Examination with excellent results and was recommended as a scholar. That winter, he went to Chang 'an to take the exam in February of the following year. At this time, he was attacked by "name competitors". They say that the word "Jin" of Jinshi is homophonic with the word "Jin" of his father Li Jinsu. According to the taboo law at that time, Li He should not take the Libu exam. For this reason, Han Yu specially wrote an article "Debate on Taboo", refuting that "the father's name is Jin Su, but the son cannot be a scholar. Father's name is benevolence, son can't be human! " However, Li He finally failed to pass the exam. He fell into extreme depression and resentment.
In the spring of the 6th year of Yuanhe (8 1 1), Li He returned to Chang 'an and became the Li Lang of Taichang Temple. This is a humble little official (from the Nine Grades) who carries out the ancestral temple ceremony. Li He, proud and self-respecting, regarded it as a concubine with a dustpan and broom, and felt very humiliated. Less than three years later, he resigned and left Chang 'an. During his stay in Beijing, Li He wrote poems such as Li Ping's Poems, Listening to a Wonderful Teacher Playing the Piano, Offering Shang Chen, and Song to Shen Ya. The song "Han Fu" by the Golden Bronze Immortal is probably his farewell to Chang 'an.
Li He lost his father as a minor and his family was poor. Forced by food and clothing, his brother had to go far away to make a living. In the autumn of the second year (August14), he returned to his hometown and went to Luzhou (now Changzhi County, Shanxi Province) to go to his good friend Zhang Che. Zhang Che is Han Yu's nephew. At that time, he had just worked in the Zhao Yi shogunate. Along the way, Li He wrote "The Arrow Song of Changping" and other works. He stayed in Luzhou for three years and got nothing. Soon, he died at home at the age of 27.
Li He compiled his 223 poems into four before his death, and entrusted his good friend Shen to preface them. Li Heji, which was circulated in the Northern Song Dynasty, is divided into four volumes and five volumes. The latter has more than one volume, but neither of them is the old appearance of Tang Ben. The five volumes of the Northern Song Dynasty were originally named Li Shi. The title of the Southern Song Dynasty is Collected Works of Li Changji. The "Four Series" photocopied the titles of Li's Poems when they were published. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was also called Long Valley Collection. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Heji made a note. In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Qi selected and recorded comments and notes from past dynasties and compiled Li Changji's Songs. Li Heshi has 24 1 poems today. 1958 Zhonghua Book Company published Three Notes on Li Changji's Songs and Poems, and Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House published Annotations on Li He's Poems 1977, all of which were annotated by Wang Qiben, Yao and Fang Shiju.
Li He is a romantic poet and a representative poet in the turning period of poetic style in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. He was born in an era when great poets such as Han, Liu, Yuan and Bai competed for glory. However, later poet Li He was able to create a unique family. The central content of his poems is to tell the grief and indignation of talented people, and there is a restrained and open atmosphere in his poems. With his unique experience and feelings, he painted his poems with a layer of melancholy color of Leng Yan. Wang Siren's Preface to the Interpretation of Long Valley Poems? Quot with his sad thoughts, it became an obscure tone. He likes to use ghost words, weeping words, dead words and blood words. He inherited the romantic spirit and artistic technique of The Songs of the South, and borrowed from Yuefu, Xiao's poems, Bao Zhao's poems and Li Bai's poems and songs in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. He created a mysterious and colorful artistic realm with his rich imagination and novel language. A Qing and Wang Qi thought that Li He's poems "originated from Chu Sao, and gradually tended to ancient Yuefu during the Han and Wei Dynasties". "It's a pity that he is unfortunate and short-lived, so the number of poems left is limited, and the content naturally appears thin. Moreover, he deliberately created many strange epigrams, but at the same time it was inevitable that they were obscure and over-polished.
There have always been different opinions about Li He's poems. Some people compared it with Du Fu and praised it as "Tang Chunqiu". Some people think that its "ideological core" is "fame and fortune" and "wealth and enjoyment". Some people call it the "ghost world". Some people say that his poems "have nothing but lust and pornography."
List of Li He's Works (790-8 16)
Li Ping recited two poems about the satrap of Yanmen.
Su Xiaoxiao's Tomb is a dream song.
Qiu Lai Qin Wang drank thirteen songs in Nanyuan.
(one, five, six, eight)
The Golden Copper Immortal Ci and the Preface of Ma Poetry in Han Dynasty (IV, V) The old lady picked jade songs.
Zhi wine shop changgu Beiyuan sixin bamboo shoots
(1) Go to Shang Chen.
Bitter days and short days, the fairy song of Jiangnan farmers
Invite for a drink