From The Book of Songs to Han Yuefu, and then to Yuefu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, folk songs, as the source of China literature, have been fully developed again, and the third spring in the history of China folk songs has appeared for a period of time, and the literary creation of folk songs has once again presented a vibrant and prosperous scene. Due to the particularity of the times, the northern and southern dynasties were in a state of confrontation for a long time, which made the same era have significant differences in politics, economy and culture in different regions. Therefore, Yuefu folk songs in the Southern and Northern Dynasties can also be divided into Yuefu folk songs in the Southern Dynasty and Yuefu folk songs in the Northern Dynasty according to different geographical regions. The main representative of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties is the lyric poem Xizhou Qu, and the representative works of folk songs in the Northern Dynasties are the narrative poem Mulan Poetry, which respectively represent the highest achievements of folk songs in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Taking this as an example, we can compare the differences of poetic styles between the North and the South. First of all, in genre and content. As a masterpiece of Yuefu folk songs in the Southern Dynasties, Xizhou Song is the longest lyric poem in Yuefu folk songs in the Southern Dynasties. Although the poem is also interspersed with scenes such as picking lotus, climbing the stairs and looking at Lang Lang, the overall theme is lyrical, and these scenes are also set to express the endless thoughts of the lotus picking girl. The main content of "Xizhou Qu" is to express the endless lovesickness of writing a young woman by interspersed with scenery changes in different seasons, the heroine waiting for her husband at the door, picking red lilies and climbing stairs to see her husband. Women's clothing, appearance and other details are deeply rooted in people's hearts, and the inner feelings of the characters are analyzed layer by layer, making this endless acacia extremely delicate. Mulan Poetry, the most outstanding folk song in the Northern Dynasties, is a narrative poem. The poem mainly tells the story that Mulan joined the army instead of her father and went to war for her father. The whole poem is mainly narrative, interspersed with lyric poems such as Mulan's homesickness. It successfully created the immortal image of Mulan, from a boudoir girl to a heroine of the Golden Goma Railway, and then willingly returned to her parents to be filial after the halo faded. In the face of national disaster, she stepped forward, disguised as a man, and joined the army instead of her father. When she succeeded, she took off her aura and was willing to go back to her parents. In her body, she fully shows the simplicity, courage, kindness, wit, detachment and broad mind that is different from people's previous ideas about the image of the weak women in ancient times. In her body, she has the regional characteristics of the north, is bold and free, and is also a real heroine image of flesh and blood. Secondly, in style. On the whole, the folk songs in the Southern Dynasties are gorgeous, beautiful, euphemistic and lingering, while the folk songs in the Northern Dynasties are unpretentious, bold and straightforward. Back to the analysis of poetry, in the poem "Xizhou Qu", the hostess broke a plum blossom and recalled her meeting with Lang Jun under the plum blossom in Xizhou. She is wearing a "apricot red" light coat and combing her hair with "crow young color" because she yearns for it. These seemingly random actions reveal the feelings and experiences of the protagonist. Mulan's poem is relatively more characteristic of northern folk songs, which is rough and bold, such as "Grandpa has no eldest son and Mulan has no big brother. These languages "I would like to be a pommel horse in the city and sign for my grandfather from now on" are more popular and easy to understand, and the expression is simple and colloquial. " The use of onomatopoeic words such as "I didn't hear my grandfather shouting a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing" made the language vivid and vivid, fully integrated into the characteristics of life, and was very artistic. Finally, in terms of artistic forms and techniques. The poem "Xizhou Qu" combines the description of scenery with seasonal characteristics with the life situation of the characters and her actions, and gradually unfolds the plot and expresses the characters through the changes of seasons. There are many descriptions of seasons in the poem, such as "folding plum" in early spring, "single shirt" at the turn of spring and summer, "picking red lotus" in June, "autumn in Nantang" in early autumn, "picking lotus" in August and "flying all over the West Island" in late autumn. These images have been selected again. Every moment is full of profound thoughts, especially going upstairs to see Lang Lang's scene setting, which shows a traditional and distinctive female thinking image and shows women's unswerving feelings. In addition, another feature of this poem is the variety of rhetorical devices, such as thimble, hook sentence, metaphor, homophonic pun and so on. For example, the extensive use of puns such as "Zhemei", "Zhemei", "Lianzi" and "Reiko Kobayakawa" makes the language of poetry more vivid and euphemistic.
Shops. The use of these rhetorical devices greatly enhances the artistic expression and appeal of poetry, and also embodies the fresh and simple language style of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties. In terms of rhyme, the whole poem is basically four sentences and one rhyme, and at the same time, it uses the rhetorical method of Lian Zhuge to form a tactful melody. All these reflect the artistic characteristics of the Southern Dynasties folk songs, such as euphemistic lingering, fresh and natural, and making good use of Chinese homophones to form puns and argots. In addition, most of the folk songs in the Southern Dynasties are short and compact, with more than five words and four sentences. There are also some longer ones, such as Xizhou Song, but they are also four-sentence solutions. Mulan's poem is narrated in chronological order, and the narrative arrangement is also appropriately tailored, complicated and simple, and detailed. In a relatively long time span, the author did not tell the story directly, but carefully selected and wrote the prelude to the story in detail, explaining in detail the preparations for the expedition and the situation of missing relatives, and the ten years of the expedition was just a passing sight. These are specially arranged, which can emphasize that Mulan is a real heroine. At the same time, the arrangement is also very important during the period of resigning and going home. It is worth mentioning that parents, brothers and sisters were very lively when they learned that Mulan had returned to China, and the plot arrangement was very reasonable. The last sentence "The male rabbit's feet are lost, but the female rabbit's eyes are blurred;" When two rabbits walk on the ground, Ann can tell whether I am a male or a female! "Philosophically, it points out the reason why Mulan can stay in the military camp for ten years without being discovered. Many rhetorical devices are used in poetry, such as parallelism, antithesis, metaphor, exaggeration and overlapping, which make poetry more vivid and expressive. In addition, poetry is dominated by five words, seven words and nine words, and a few words change rhyme, which is lively and infectious. This also reflects the rough and bold, simple and vigorous style and unpretentious artistic conception of folk songs in the Northern Dynasties. In addition, there are four, seven and miscellaneous words in the folk songs of the Northern Dynasties, which are more flexible and novel than those of the Southern Dynasties.