China also has it.
China literati's sad autumn complex
"Autumn is sad and lonely since ancient times", which is one of the themes of China's classical literature. Since ancient times, in the works of countless poets and writers, there is deep sadness about autumn.
In China's earliest collection of poems, The Book of Songs, autumn is a bleak and beautiful picture of "blooming flowers and white dew as frost". Song Yu's "Nine Debates" reveals the sadness of "sadness, autumn anger, bleak, withered vegetation", which can be said to be the first time for literati to mourn the autumn. Since then, this kind of sad autumn complex has emerged one after another. Cao Pi chanted in Ge Yanxing: "The autumn wind is bleak, the weather is freezing, the vegetation shakes the frost, and the geese go south." Catch up with song Yu "Leaves fall like waterfalls, but I see the long river rolling" in Du Fu's Ascending the Mountain. I came from three thousand miles away. Sad this autumn, a hundred years of sorrow for me to climb this high alone "expresses the poet's complex feelings of worrying about the country and the people when he is injured, loneliness when he is old and sick, and his ambition is hard to pay." Liu Yong also painted a bleak and bleak autumn scenery for us in the coolness of "rustling rain on the river to wash the clear autumn" and expressed his sigh for the sad autumn. Ma Zhiyuan, known as the "father of Qiu Si", used "a dead vine, an old tree, a faint crow, a small bridge with flowing water, an ancient road, a thin horse, a sunset, a heartbroken man at the end of the world" to sand Qiu Si in the courtyard. Very succinctly outline a wanderer's loss, loneliness, fatigue, sadness and helplessness in autumn dusk.
There are different opinions about why "autumn" and "sadness" are linked. Mr. Qian Zhongshu listed many examples of giving autumn in Guan Cone, explaining why the ancients expressed their sadness every autumn. It is believed that "keeping things is good and people are worried, and the scenery changes because of mood." He also said, "Things change from emotion to emotion, the environment is created by the heart, and there is no trouble in the heart. Is autumn crisp and depressing? " Furthermore, it goes on to say that "people feel more deeply in autumn, and people are more sad in autumn." Mr. Qian explained it mainly from subjective consciousness. Zhao Minli's article "The Acacia Theme of Autumn and China Literature" shows another concept. Zhao Minli believes that "the works of mourning for autumn in China's literature are not only the natural induction of life consciousness, but also have an indissoluble bond with the themes of lovesickness and homesickness. Sad autumn stems from homesickness. The feeling of homesickness stems from the production and lifestyle of the early agricultural society. "
Autumn scenery's autumn affairs and feelings are all melted by a "qi", so Song Yu said: "Sad people, autumn is also a qi." Autumn qi is the qi that yin flourishes and yang declines and kills. It is natural that people have a sense of autumn and decline. In the natural sense, the connection between heaven and man is mainly realized through the function of material "Qi", as Lu Chunqiu said: "The solid phase calls each other, the same gas matches each other, and the sound matches each other. Drum palace moves, drum horn moves. Water is injected into the flat ground, the water is wet, the fire is evenly applied, and the fire is dry. " In fact, the objective and natural autumn and the subjective sadness of people's hearts are a kind of relationship of "similarity and reality, and simultaneous ratio of qi and sound". From a historical point of view, although the sad autumn complex is the unity of the author's time and personal experience to a certain extent, it is basically the result of the interaction between the naturalness of human beings and the naturalness of the object world. Specifically, it is often the induction between a unique subject in autumn and many natural beings in autumn, which is the unity of heaven and man.
People are sad, and people can recite their own sadness; The ups and downs of history are constantly circulating, which is sad. Sadness is one of the basic emotions of human beings, autumn is one of the basic seasons in nature, and death is one of the basic stages of the historical cycle. The three meet in function and feel each other. The reason why people can feel hurt, complain and blend in with the rise and fall of history and the spring and autumn of nature lies in the cultural basis and concept of the unity of man and nature. The identity between autumn and life and history is intertwined with the bumpy fate of ancient literati and nature, history and society. In the ancient cultural mentality, the sad autumn mentality is not only an important content to realize the value of life and pursue the eternity of life, but also contains the idea of consciously taking social responsibility and worrying about the country and the people. The consciousness of life in the literature of Wounded Autumn includes both the short-lived consciousness of "all one's life" and the short-lived consciousness of "only the grass and trees are scattered, and the beauty is afraid of dying"
(Li Sao) The anguish in the pursuit of life value also includes many aspects of life anxiety and social anxiety. "I'm minister chu, miserable regret out of hatred? I am sad every autumn and always worry about the country. " (Lu You's Sad Autumn).
The complex of mourning for autumn is the result of the collective unconscious accumulation of mourning for autumn by ancestors. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, people living in the Yellow River valley mainly lived on agriculture. Because of their extremely low productivity, few surplus labor products, and a few slave owners and rulers are extremely tyrannical and greedy, people's lives are extremely difficult. Under the harsh exploitation, the people resisted and vowed to "come to you and live in a happy land", but after all, they were weak and a large number of people were arrested and killed. The time for executing prisoners is autumn. "Zhou Li Qiu Guan Scotty" called the Scotty in charge of punishment "Qiu Guan", which can be seen. Autumn has become the season when rulers are furious and kill people. Why not make the evil wind miserable and make the working people sad? In addition, at that time, various tribes and small countries often waged cruel wars and killed each other in order to compete for land. Countless people died in battle, their homes were destroyed and displaced, and the broad masses of people were miserable. And the war always comes in autumn, the so-called "autumn soldiers on the battlefield." "The Book of Rites and the Moon Order" records that "the autumn dreams of the moon, and then it is slaughtered". On the day of beginning of autumn, the emperor personally instructed the three princes, nine ministers and princes to meet the autumn in the western suburbs ... The generals chose soldiers and generals, which was simple and handsome, and they were full-time active duty ... "In autumn, people were caught in the blood, fear and pain of war. How can they not feel dejected? Moreover, the heavy corvee in ancient times began to be levied in the Spring and Autumn Period, mainly in autumn. "The Book of Rites and the Moon Order" said: "The Moon of Mid-Autumn Festival can also be used to build cities, cities, pits and warehouses. "Autumn is suitable for recruiting people to do all kinds of corvees. The ruler said that people can "spring back to Qiu Lai" when they go to serve, but this is just a lie. Many people who go to serve often don't put it back in autumn, and often go there and never come back. No one came back, and the autumn of the new corvee began again. Autumn has become a day of missing, missing home, where are you going? Missing, the pain of death, and the hatred of separation are all condensed in autumn. Autumn is just hopeless yearning and endless waiting. It's sad for a person to face the sadness of autumn.
In a word, the sad autumn complex of China traditional literati is the result of the collective unconsciousness of our ancestors, which contains rich cultural details and also reflects the profound influence of China's world outlook and ethical values on China literati's life consciousness.