picture
Image is the combination of (object) image and (emotional) meaning. That is, the image in the poem, which includes not only the characters, but also the scenery and things written in the poem and the author's feelings. Poetic images vary from thing to thing, some are landscapes and some are objects; Some things, some people; Some are single, some are multiple.
For example, Su Shi's Works of Dwelling in Dinghui Garden in Huangzhou, a diviner, "Hanging sparse trees in the absence of the moon, beginning of life is quiet. Who saw you alone? Fuzzy and lonely. At night, it suddenly becomes afraid, suddenly flies and comes back frequently, but no one always understands its infinite inner feelings. Lonely sandbar is cold. " The poet's melancholy mood is expressed through images such as "lack of moon", "sparse trees", "secluded people", "lonely hanging" and "cold branches". In Wang Wei's bamboo house, I leaned alone in the dense bamboo forest, playing the pipa and humming a song. It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue. "It consists of Bamboo Forest, Solitary Piano, Long Whistling and Bright Moon. Bai Juyi's "Recalling Jiangnan" "Red flowers are better than fire at sunrise, and the riverside is as green as blue". The two images of "river flowers" and "river water" are enough to illustrate Bai Juyi's happy life. Another example is Liu Yong's "Yulin Chills", "Where to wake up after drinking tonight, Yang Liuan, the waning moon is due to the breeze". Through images such as "willow", "Xiaofeng" and "dying moon", we can know that what is conveyed is sad feelings.
Artistic conception of artistic works
Artistic conception is an integrated artistic realm created by the poet's subjective feelings and objective scenery. Poetry creation is inseparable from images, and the choice of images is only the first step, which is the basis of poetry; The purpose is to create a poetic artistic realm of "harmony between meaning and context" through the combination of images. Artistic conception and image are essentially related. They are not only the product of the unity of subjectivity and objectivity, but also the product of the combination of emotion and things. But there are differences between them: from the formal point of view, images are related to words, and artistic conception corresponds to the whole article.
For example, Li Bai's "Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou" said: "The old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and the fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March. Lonely sails overlook the blue sky, but I can see the Yangtze River flowing in the sky. " This poem has the following images: Yellow Crane Tower, fireworks, solitary sails, the Yangtze River and so on. These images are combined to form a picture that melts in emotion: the poem does not directly express the thoughts of friends, but expresses the deep farewell to friends through the image that a poet's lonely sail disappears, the river grows and the river grows. Literally, every sentence describes the scenery, but in fact, every sentence is lyrical. It can be said that all landscape words are sentimental. Another example is He Zhu's "Jade Case", "A stream of smoke, a city full of wind, plum yellow rain". These three images form a whole, which artistically answers "How much is leisure?" It is not a simple addition of three images, but a touching artistic realm: carefree sorrow, like endless smoke and grass, like sheep flying all over the city, and like rain when sad and confused.
Generally speaking, poetic imagery is not like poetry, and whether there is poetic flavor depends mainly on imagery; Whether a poem is beautiful or not depends mainly on its artistic conception. From poetic flavor to poetic beauty, it is actually the excavation process from image to artistic conception. Without images, artistic conception is impossible. Therefore, in poetry, the starting point is the image, but the end point is the artistic conception.
The meaning of common images
Images in ancient poems generally have relatively fixed meanings, such as "Mei" is synonymous with "loneliness", "loneliness", "narcissism" and "nobility and majesty"; Cicada is synonymous with cherishing time, leaving in pain, traveling far and suffering, and feeling life experience.
Flowers and trees
Flowers bloom: hope, youth, the brilliance of life.
Flowers fall: frustration in life and career.
Chrysanthemum: quiet, noble and refined.
May: I am proud of the snow, and I am strong and unyielding.
Lan: Gao Jie.
Peony: Rich and beautiful.
Grass: Strong vitality, endless life.
Xiaomi: The sadness of leaving (the rise and fall of the country in the past).
Green leaves: vitality, hope and vitality.
Yellow leaves: withered, mature and beautiful.
Pine and cypress: Proud, strong and energetic.
Bamboo: Honest and positive.
Indus: Bitter.
Liu: Farewell, sadness, and the beauty of spring.
birds and beasts
Sub-rule: show compassion for others.
Ape: Sorrow and biting.
Brother Hong: Ideal and pursuit.
Fish: Free.
Goose: Loneliness, homesickness, news.
Eagle: strength, freedom and career success.
Dogs and chickens: life breath, rural life.
Horse: Pentium, pursuit, vagrancy.
Crow: villain, laity, mediocrity.
Sha Ou: It's sad to leave.
Experienced hardships and hardships
Sea: vastness, strength and momentum.
Waves: the ups and downs of life.
Surging waves: the dangers of life and the treachery of rivers and lakes.
River water: the passage of time.
Smoke: emotional melancholy and gloom.
Xiaoyu: Spring scenery, hope and vitality.
Heavy rain: cruel and warm.
Spring breeze: open-minded, happy and hopeful.
Dongfeng: Spring is beautiful.
West wind: loneliness, melancholy and decline.
Storm: riots.
Frost: Life is easy to get old and the social environment is bad.
Snow: Pure and beautiful, harsh environment.
Lou: Life is short and fleeting.
Cloud: Wandering.
The gloomy sky: depression, sadness and loneliness.
Sunshine: Happy and bright.
Colored utensils
White: pure, flawless, funeral.
Red: Passionate and unrestrained, youthful and happy.
Green: hope, vitality and peace.
Blue: elegant and melancholy.
Huang: Warm and peaceful.
Purple: noble and mysterious.
Black: darkness, despair, solemnity and mystery.
Jade: noble and elegant.
Pearl: Beautiful and flawless.
Sha Ying (Crown): Official position and reputation.
Other categories
Wine: joy, pride, depression, sadness.
Hero: Admire, shame and sigh.
Villains: disdain, ambition, introspection, flogging.
Monuments: nostalgia, ambition, past prosperity and present decline, decline and depression.
Dawn: The first hope.
Late at night: melancholy and nostalgia.
Country: homesickness, rural scenery, life breath, simplicity and beauty, ease and tranquility.
Grassland: a vast and human mind.
City (street): prosperous, lively, rich and luxurious.
Fairyland: elegant, wonderful, clean, forget the dust, and dislike the customs.
Month: the perfection of life, regret, homesickness, homesickness.
Chaoyang: hope, vitality and vigor.