"Shu Huai" Appreciation of Wei Zheng's Tang Poems
At the beginning of the Central Plains, he was competing for deer,
He wrote about Rongxuan.
Although the vertical and horizontal strategies fail,
The generosity is still there.
The stick is used to pay homage to the emperor,
The horse is driven out of the gate.
Please send a tassel to South Vietnam,
Ping Shi will go to Dongfan.
Yu Yuzhi Gaoxiu,
Haunting Wang Pingyuan.
The ancient trees sing with cold birds,
The empty mountains sing with the nocturnal ape.
It not only hurts the thousand-mile sight,
but also frightens the nine dead souls.
Aren’t you afraid of hardships and dangers?
I deeply appreciate the kindness of my country.
Ji Bu Wu Er Nuo,
Hou Ying made a strong statement.
Life is about morale.
Who can comment on fame?
Appreciation of Wei Zheng's Poetry
"Shu Huai", also known as "Chu Guan", is Wei Zheng's representative work and a famous lyric poem in the early Tang Dynasty. It was written in the early days of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan's reign as emperor. At that time, not long after Wei Zhengchu surrendered to the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu treated him with courtesy and valued his talents. In order to repay the kindness of Gaozu, Wei Zheng took the initiative to ask Ying to go to the area east of Huashan to persuade the old Wagang Army led by Li Mi to surrender. Before leaving, he wrote this poem to express his feelings, expressing his high spirit, not afraid of hardships and dangers, and vowing to repay the kindness of knowing and encountering him.
The first four sentences, "In the early days of the Central Plains, I was competing for deer, and I was writing for Rongxuan. I couldn't achieve success vertically and horizontally, but my generosity is still there." The main expression is the poet's broad-mindedness before joining the Tang Dynasty.
Two sentences such as "Zhongyuan" show that the poet abandoned literature and turned to martial arts in the turbulent era of the late Sui Dynasty when heroes were fighting for the world. Chasing a deer is a metaphor for fighting for political power. "Historical Records: Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": "Qin lost its deer, and the kings of the world chased it." Throw the pen, throw the pen. "Book of the Later Han" 47 "Biography of Ban Chao": "(Chao)'s family was poor, and he often wrote letters to official servants to support him. After working hard for a long time, he quit his job and wrote with a sigh, saying: 'A real man has no other ambitions, so he should imitate Fu Jiezi, Zhang Qian made great achievements in foreign lands in order to win the title of marquis. How could he be able to spend a long time between pen and inkstone?" Later, writing was used as a metaphor for abandoning literature and turning to martial arts. Serving in Rongxuan means joining the army. Vertical and horizontal, combining vertical and horizontal, is extended to planning strategies. During the Warring States Period, Su Qin and Zhang Yi lobbied among various countries. Su Qin advocated that Qi, Chu and other six countries unite to fight against Qin, which is the "union vertical" plan; Zhang Yi advocated that all countries obey Qin's orders, which is the "union horizontal" plan. Therefore, Su Qin and Zhang Yi were called "strategists". Wei Zheng used this to point out that he had offered advice to Li Mi. A scholar, at a time of turmoil, was able to resolutely "write" and join the army to "help the world's hardships" and participate in the "race" in the Central Plains, which shows his broad mind and mission to prosper the world. "Unable to achieve success by vertical and horizontal plan" euphemistically reveals the poet's troubles of having the talents of Su Qin and Zhang Yi but not meeting the master of the Ming Dynasty; and the sentence "generous ambition still exists" expresses his perseverance and ambition.
The four lines of "The stick is used to pay homage to the emperor, and the horse is driven out of the gate. Please tie the tassel to South Vietnam, and go to Dongfan with Shi", which mainly outlines the poet's majestic appearance of volunteering to go out of Tongguan to appease Shandong, and expresses the importance of the mission he has undertaken . The sentence "staff policy" reveals his decisiveness and no hesitation when he defected to Li Yuan; the sentence "driving horses" also conveys his heroic, agile and urgent attitude when he was sent to appease Shandong.
Two sentences such as "asking for a tassel" use the story of Han Zhongjun and Li Shiqi to compare his trip to Shandong, indicating the extraordinary nature of the mission he is undertaking. The sentence "asking for a tassel": refers to the army at the end of the Han Dynasty. During the Western Han Dynasty, Zhongjun asked himself to appease South Vietnam. He expressed to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: "I am willing to accept the long tassel, and I will bind the King of South Vietnam to the palace." This means that the King of South Vietnam can be tied up with just a rope. Later, he finally convinced the King of South Vietnam. Surrender to the Han Dynasty. "Ping Shi" sentence: Li Shi is a metaphor for himself.
At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Li Shiqi asked for orders from the Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, saying that he would surrender to King Tian Guang of Qi, and "with Shi, he would conquer more than seventy cities in Qi" (see "Book of Han Li Shiqi's Biography"), and he was the leader of the Han Dynasty. Dongfan. The two verbs "tie" and "下" are light and lively, vividly expressing his grand ambition to stabilize the country, implying that the founding of the Tang Dynasty was here, and showed the poet's outstanding political foresight.
The four sentences "Yuyun Zhi Gaoxiu, haunting the plains. Cold birds sing in the ancient trees, and night monkeys sing in the empty mountains" express the imaginary hardships and dangers of the journey after leaving the customs. The two sentences "Yu Yu" and other two sentences describe that because of the rugged mountain roads, the plains appear and disappear, reflecting the ups and downs of the lyrical protagonist's mood due to the arduous task. Two sentences such as "ancient trees" exaggerate the desolation and sadness of the journey from an auditory perspective; the mournful cries of cold birds in the ancient forest and the mournful apes and monkeys in the deep mountains at night constitute a desolate picture of the deep mountains and old forests, and also imply the poet's farewell to the Tang Dynasty. The Queen felt lonely. Here, the poet integrates the complex emotions into the vivid description of the journey scenery, so that the artistic conception is mixed and the scenes are blended, which vividly implies the difficulty of completing the mission and the poet's heavy mood.
The four sentences "It not only hurts the sight of thousands of miles away, but also frightens the soul of nine dead people. Aren't you afraid of hardships and dangers? I deeply cherish the kindness of the country's soldiers", which not only looks forward to the prospect of leaving the country, but also expresses the truth from the bottom of my heart. The two sentences "Ji Huan" not only express the nostalgia for the motherland, but also imply that the task is special and arduous, and personal fortunes are uncertain. Huan Qianlimu: It means feeling sad when looking far away. "Chu Song·Calling the Soul": "The eyes are thousands of miles away and the heart of spring is hurt, and the soul returns to mourn for Jiangnan." The soul that passes away nine times: There is a poem in Qu Yuan's "Sorrow for Ying" that "the soul passes away nine times in one night".
Nine passed away, which shows that the spirit is not concentrated. The word "pass away" is made into "Zhe". The self-questioning and answering of the two sentences "Wouldn't it not" further show the poet's magnanimity. "Don't be afraid" means to be afraid, just like not hiding one's sentimentality. Not only does it not detract from the protagonist's tall image, but it increases the three-dimensional sense and fullness of the character's character, and also highlights his spirit of attaching importance to spirit and repaying the Lord's kindness. of innocence.
The last four sentences, "Ji Bu made no two promises, Hou Ying said it again. Life is full of morale, but who can comment on fame?" is a direct expression of his heart, expressing the poet's idea of ????valuing integrity and not pursuing fame. Ji Bu: A native of the Chu and Han dynasties, he was famous for his commitment to promises. There is a proverb from time to time: "It is better to get a hundred catties of gold than to get a promise of Jibu". Nuo: Promise, promise. Hou Lei: A native of Wei during the Warring States Period. The family is poor.
When he was old, he became a prison clerk in Daliang (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province). When Lord Xinling rescued Zhao, Hou Wei came up with a surprising plan to help him. However, because he was too old and could not accompany him, he promised to kill himself in repayment. Later, he fulfilled his promise. Spirit: Friendship, "New Odes of Jade Terrace: Snow on the Mountain": "A man values ??his spirit, so why use money and a knife!" Here, the poet compares himself with Ji Bu and Hou Ying, expressing that he will never live up to his mission since he has asked for a tassel. determination. "Life is a matter of spirit, but who can comment on success or fame?" clearly reflects Wei Zheng's outlook on life.
The remarkable artistic features of this poem are its majestic momentum and broad artistic conception. The poet is good at grasping the majestic wonders in the historical process. With rough brushstrokes, he sweeps away the gorgeous and gorgeous scenery of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. The poetic style successfully displays the emotional world of the poet who is eager to make achievements. Wei Zheng himself later advocated an elegant style of "literacy and gentleness" that combined the Qingqi of the Southern Dynasty with the temperament of the Northern Kingdom in the "Sui Shu Literary Biography". "Shu Huai" basically implemented this idea. On the one hand, its language is simple, straightforward and impassioned, which is different from the poetic style of the Southern Dynasties. On the other hand, it integrates classics and creates new words of its own, with appropriate contrasts, which is different from Heshuo's poetry style which is more rational than words. Therefore, "Tang Poems" commented that "the Qi and bones are ancient, changing the previous slender habits, and the style of the prosperous Tang Dynasty originated from this."
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