modernism
Various anti-traditional literary schools and ideological trends in the west since the beginning of the 20th century. Modernist literature is deeply influenced by the philosophical and psychological theories of Kant, Nietzsche, william james, Freud, Bergson and Jung. The greatest feature of modernism in ideological content is the sharp contradiction and abnormal disconnection between man and society, man and man, man and nature (including nature, humanity and material world) and man and self, and the resulting mental trauma and abnormal psychology, pessimism and despair and nihilism. Modernism emphasizes the expression of inner life and psychological truth or reality; Think that art is expression, creation, not copy, not imitation; Advocate that content is form and form is content. Without form, there is no content. One of the important creative techniques of modernism is free association. In terms of artistic style, image metaphor, different styles, punctuation marks and even spelling methods and arrangements are widely used to imply the feelings, impressions and mental States of characters at a certain moment; The structure of the work is abrupt and multi-layered; The story seems to be nothing, grotesque and absurd; The characters are chaotic and perverse. Many western scholars believe that modernism has been gradually replaced by postmodernism since 1970s.
Modernism mainly includes futurism, Dadaism, surrealism, expressionism, stream-of-consciousness novel, absurd drama, black humor, existentialism, French neo-fiction school and other literary schools.