There is a saying in the Confucian classic Analects:? Confucius said: In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose the good and follow it, change the bad. ? This sentence shows that it has been praised by future generations. A role model for generations? Confucius' spirit of being open-minded and eager to learn. It can be said that learning from teachers is an eternal topic. Han Yu, a great writer in the middle Tang Dynasty, deeply discussed this topic for us in his article Shi Shuo.
In junior high school, we studied Liu Zongyuan's theory of snake catchers, Han Yu's theory of horses and Zhou Dunyi's theory of Ailian? Say? What about the article? Say? What are the characteristics of this style?
? Say? This is an ancient style of debate. The ancient meaning is statement and explanation, so this style can be suppressed? Commentary? The truth? To understand. ? The teacher said? Meaning: Explain what? Learn from the teacher? The truth.
Q: Who will answer after the preview? What is the central argument of this article?
Clear:? Ancient scholars must have teachers. ?
Second, teachers and students read aloud and recite.
(1) The teacher demonstrated reading and reciting.
(2) Students read independently (2 minutes. Requirements: correct pronunciation, pay attention to pause, read tone and language potential. )
(3) Students' representatives read aloud and teachers and students * * * correct (3 people, one paragraph each).
(4) Teachers read and students feel.
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(5) student representatives (or the original three students) read aloud.
(6) Students read the text together.
Preliminary perception: summarize the main content of each paragraph.
General theory of learning from teachers (affirming the necessity and selection criteria of learning from teachers)
(2) Criticize the bad atmosphere that the scholar-officials were ashamed to learn from the teacher at that time (positive and negative comparative argument)
(3) Cite the attitude of saints to learn from teachers, and further elaborate the relationship between teachers and students (for example)
(4) explain the reasons for writing
Third, the first paragraph (positive statement)
(A) students questioned, teachers and students * * * with the solution.
Solve key notional words, function words and special sentence patterns
(2) Read and answer the following questions in the original text.
(1) put forward the central argument: ancient scholars must have teachers.
(2) Overview of teachers' responsibilities and tasks: teachers, so they also need to dispel doubts through preaching.
(3) show the teacher the necessity of learning: people are not born to know? I finally don't understand.
(4) Put forward the criteria and principles for selecting teachers: Born before me? Fu Yong knows that his years were born in me. Nothing is expensive, nothing is cheap, nothing is long, nothing is short, Tao exists, and teacher exists.
Fourth, the second paragraph (positive and negative comparative argument)
This paragraph begins with an exclamation point and has a critical edge. ? Teacher? Only loss? Dragon? It's harder to turn the world around today!
(1) What does this paragraph have to do with the previous paragraph?
By criticizing the current disadvantages, the central argument put forward in the first paragraph is proved from the opposite side.
Solve key notional words, function words and special sentence patterns
(2) Comparison of the three groups in the second paragraph.
Ancient saints, today's people; Choose a teacher to teach children and feel ashamed of yourself; Witch doctors, musicians, all kinds of people, the family of literati.
issue
On both sides
Double-sided display
Contrast angle
Final results
The author's national degree
Ishishima tomoyuki
Don't pass it on.
For a long time!
The desires of others
No confusion
Difficult!
Ancient sages
People are far away, it is better to ask the teacher.
vertical
compare
Shengyisheng
Rhetorical tone
Person 3
Far from being a saint, it is shameful to learn from the teacher.
Fools benefit from fools.
Choose teachers and teach children.
Love your son and choose a teacher to teach him.
oneself
compare
Learn the small aspects and give up the big ones.
Deny accusation
Inferiority teacher
If you are in your body, you will be ashamed of your teacher.
Witch doctor musician
the butcher the baker and the candlestick maker
Instead of learning from each other.
horizontal
compare
Dignity and inferiority complex
Have a high IQ
Downward inverse ratio
Strong irony
Scholar-bureaucrat family
Get together and laugh.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Paragraph 3 (example)
Sages learn from teachers and many teachers.
A new relationship between teachers and students.
6. Writing motivation (Why did Han Yu write this article? )
Introduce the writer's works and creative background.
The last paragraph of the text encourages Li Pan.
Shi Shuo is one of Han Yu's representative works, which was written when he was a doctor of imperial academy in Chang 'an at the age of 35. In the Tang Dynasty, the gate valve system has been followed since the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Noble children all entered Hong Wen Pavilion, Chongwen Pavilion and imperial academy. No matter what you study, there are officials to do. In view of the bad atmosphere that scholar-officials were ashamed to learn from teachers at that time, elaborate? Teacher? The role and standard of learning from teachers, the importance of learning from teachers and the attitude that should be adopted, and advocating the ability to be a teacher, not ashamed to ask questions and learn from each other.
The social background of Han Yu's writing Shi Shuo can be seen from a passage in Liu Zongyuan's reply to Wei Zhongli's On Teacher Tao. Liu Zongyuan said? Below Wei and Jin Dynasties, people benefit rather than be teachers. In this world, I don't know that there are teachers, but I have to laugh at them and think they are crazy. Han Yu was alone, regardless of customs, laughing and insulting. After receiving the phone call, he learned that he had made a "teacher's speech" and became a teacher because of resistance. The world is full of strange fruit and scolds it, pointing to the eyes and pulling it, adding it to the words. The more you have a crazy name. Living in Chang 'an, I don't cook well enough, and the east is at a loss, so there are many people. ? It can be seen that Han Yu's Shi Shuo, which publicizes his views with great fanfare, is commendable.
Seven, extracurricular development 1, Han Yu emphasized? Teacher? How is it different from people today?
? Teacher, is this how you preach and teach?
? The boy's teacher, the sentence of teaching and learning books, is not the person I am talking about telling his story and solving his confusion. ?
Han Yu said that? Teacher? Has its unique meaning. Neither refers to school teachers at all levels of government, nor refers to? Read this book and learn its sentences? The first teacher, but refers to the results of social schools, ok? Preaching and teaching to solve doubts? People.
2. What are the educational ideas mentioned by the author in the article, and what are their limitations?
Clearly define teachers' responsibilities/choose teachers' attitudes and standards/treat the relationship between teachers and students from the perspective of development.
(Emphasis on learning and knowing, we must learn from teachers. Those who have the ability are teachers, don't be ashamed to ask questions, respect teachers, and reward those who learn later. )
Limitations: What have you learned? Six art classics? , learned Confucianism? Tao?
Be familiar with the text and try to recite it.
Finish the class homework