"Jinjinjiu" is a poem written by Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. Below is the historical background and author's introduction that I have collected for you. I believe these words will be helpful to you.
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The historical background of the wine:
As the heyday of the history of Chinese poetry, Tang poetry occupies a special place in the history of Chinese literature with its perfect artistic style. status. The prosperity of Tang poetry is based on the development of feudal economy and the rise of commercial cities. At the same time, it is also inseparable from the critical inheritance of cultural heritage and the innovation of the old by the poets of the Tang Dynasty.
Wine is a kind of culture. It seems to have an indissoluble bond with ancient Chinese poets from the very beginning. And in this regard, the Tang Dynasty was so outstanding. They either relied on the power of wine to boost their excitement, raised their glasses and were inspired; Countless famous sentences and fine articles complement each other with fine wine. Du Fu said in "Songs of the Eight Immortals in Drinking": "Li Bai wrote hundreds of poems about drinking wine. He slept in a restaurant in Chang'an City, but the emperor called him and could not get on the boat. He claimed that he was an immortal in wine." In "Missing", he also summed up his life with "Thousands of quick poems and a glass of wine". Now let us appreciate Li Bai's poem to persuade people to drink, "The Wine Will Come in".
While we feel the poetry culture of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, we might as well explore its historical background through poetry.
"Jianjinjiu" is the name of a Han Yuefu song, which means "song to encourage drinking", and it is mostly about drinking and singing. "General" means "please" or "will". There is a sentence in "The Book of Songs Wei Feng Meng" "The general is not angry". This "general" is different in pronunciation and meaning from the "general" in the poem "The children will be exchanged for fine wine". Although Li Bai used an old title in this poem, he was able to break out of the stereotypes of his predecessors, create his own ideas, and combine drinking with criticism of the dark reality, thereby giving a positive attitude to this title that has been sung by many poets throughout the history. content, which deserves attention. However, Li Bai's singing and drinking is a negative behavior after all, but it is caused by his arrogant attitude and unrestrained personality and cannot be changed. Du Fu saw this when he first got acquainted with him, and tried to persuade him, writing: "Who will be the hero if he drinks and sings in vain? ("To Li Bai") Du Fu's criticism is correct, but we also It cannot be ignored that Li Bai's drinking poems still contain positive content. This is also the reason why I wanted to write this poem.
After reading this poem for the first time or two, you will feel that it is full of heroism. It is indeed like this. From the beginning? Don’t you see The water of the Yellow River comes from the sky and rushes to the sea and never returns? The poet seems to take us to the bank of the surging Yellow River in one fell swoop to watch the spectacular scene of water coming from the sky and hundreds of rivers flowing eastward to the sea. And in the full text ? A fight of ten thousand cups of wine? A drink of three hundred cups? The use of exaggeration, etc., gives this poem the momentum and power to shock ancient and modern times. But when we understand the context of the poet's emotional development, we will see the poet's Anger is dominant. To be precise, boldness is just its shell, while the core is anger.
Looking at the prosperous age of the Tang Dynasty, the author cannot help but have unlimited confidence in the future. When the banquet began and the poet raised his glass to encourage drinking, his emotions suddenly turned from joy to anger. This was because he wanted to vent out all the injustice that had been pent up in his chest for a long time. He despises the wealthy and aristocratic group that forms factions for personal gain and excludes talents, so he says, "bells, drums, food, and jade are not valuable." He hates the dark and despicable behavior of these people, so he says, "I hope I will never wake up after being drunk." These two lines of poetry can be said. It concentratedly expressed his anger since leaving Chang'an. But this was not just for his own personal experience. He also thought of the ancient sages (probably among them were Confucius and Mencius, as well as Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng). They had talents that could navigate the world but were not used by the rulers. The poet said that all the sages and sages in ancient times were lonely. Does this mean he is denying them? This means he feels pity or even injustice for them. Especially Cao Zhi? This is a person he admires very much. He praises Cao Zhi for his luxurious banquet. In fact, he laments that Cao Zhi's talents were not appreciated and he resented him for his whole life. This deepened the poet's anger and paved the way for the "eternal sorrow" at the end.
Li Bai was a man with great political ambitions. It was his lifelong wish to "safeguard the world and benefit the people" and "retire after success". In the first year of Tianbao (AD 472), Li Bai was recruited to Beijing by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty on the recommendation of his fan Princess Yuzhen. He came to Chang'an happily, believing that the time had come to realize the goal of "helping the people" and "ensuring the country". But when he arrived in Chang'an, he was enshrined by the Imperial Academy and held an idle position as a servant, unable to display his political talents. The highest feudal ruling group at that time was fatuous and corrupt, and Li Bai, the "dung-earth prince", was unwilling to follow the trend, which led to the slander of the powerful. In less than three years, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty drove him out of Chang'an in the name of "returning his hometown with money." The cold reality shattered his unrealistic fantasies. Li Bai left the capital in a state of extreme sadness, anger and melancholy, and resumed his wandering life. In the autumn of the fourth year of Tianbao, when he left home and went south to prepare to visit Wuyue again, he wrote this poem and gave it to his friends to express his inner sorrow and anger, his dissatisfaction with the dark reality, his contempt for the worldly powerful, and his pursuit of the ideal world.
Although the Li and Tang Empire was shrouded in the halo of the "Zhenguan Dynasty" and the "Kaiyuan Dynasty", under its prosperous appearance, it has been pregnant with the crisis of failure, and a king has never been in court. , coupled with the exclusive power of a Yang family relative, and Li Lin's assistant eunuch in power, what is the use of Li Bai's extraordinary talents?
Let's go to see Li Bai now. There is no doubt that he is unfortunate. However, compared with his best friend Du Fu, he was lucky.
When we have seen Du Fu, who suffered from displacement, and felt his anger that the country is broken and the mountains and rivers are still there, and the city is full of spring and vegetation, maybe we will understand this sentence. There will be a deeper understanding.
Introduction to the author of "Jianjinjiu":
Li Bai (February 8, 701 - December 762), also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi , also known as "Beginning the Immortal". Cheng Ji, a famous romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty, Han nationality, whose ancestral home is Longxi. Born in Suiye City (then part of the Anxi Protectorate), he later moved to Sichuan. At the beginning of Tianbao's reign, he entered Chang'an and was recommended to Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, waiting for imperial edict. Later, he wandered around the rivers and lakes, and was hired by Yong Wang Li Lin as his staff. Lin raised an army, was defeated, and was exiled to Yelang (in today's Guizhou Province). He was pardoned on the way, and when Tu Yi Li Yangbing arrived, he died soon after. He died of illness in Dangtu, Anhui in 762 at the age of 61.
Li Bai’s lyrics have been recorded in the Song Dynasty (such as the first volume of Wen Ying’s Xiangshan Wild Records). This is proved by Cui Lingqin's "Jiaofangji" and the Dunhuang scrolls handed down today. The lyrics already existed in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty. However, it is difficult to determine whether the chapter in this biography actually originated from Taibai. I still record one song each from "Bodhisattvaman" and "Recalling Qin'e". Li Bai was hailed as "The Immortal of Poetry" by later generations, and he and Du Fu were also called "Li Du". The overall style of the poem is fresh and elegant, which not only reflects the prosperity of the times, but also exposes the dissoluteness and corruption of the ruling class, showing contempt for the powerful and the positive spirit of pursuing freedom and ideals. Li Bai studied a wide range of subjects in his boyhood. In addition to Confucian classics and ancient literary and historical masterpieces, he also browsed the books of hundreds of schools of thought, and became good at swordsmanship ("Book of Jingzhou with Han"). He believed in the Taoism that was popular at that time very early. He liked to live in seclusion in the mountains and forests, seek immortality and learn Taoism. At the same time, he also had political ambitions to make great achievements. He claimed to be able to apply Guan Yan's talk, seek the emperor's skills, and develop his wisdom. He was willing to serve as an assistant to the emperor and make him a leader. Huan District Dading, Hai County Jingyi? ("Dai Shoushan's Reply to Meng Shaofu's Transfer of Documents"). On the one hand, one has to be an otherworldly hermit and immortal, and on the other hand, one has to be the monarch's assistant and minister. This creates a contradiction between being born in the world and joining the world. However, actively participating in the WTO and caring about the country were the mainstream of his life's thoughts and the ideological basis that formed the progressive content of his works. Very few of the poems written by Li Bai in Shu during his youth have survived, but pieces such as "Visiting Dai Tianshan Taoist No Encounter" and "Mount Emei Moon Song" have shown outstanding talent.
According to the "New Book of Tang", Li Bai is the ninth grandson of Emperor Xingsheng (Liang Wuzhao King Li Hao). According to this statement, Li Bai has the same clan as the kings of Li and Tang Dynasty, and is the younger brother of Tang Taizong Li Shimin. . It is also said that his ancestor was Li Jiancheng or Li Yuanji, who moved to the Western Regions because his clan was exterminated; but this theory lacks evidence. According to the "Old Book of Tang", Li Ke, Li Bai's father, was the captain of Rencheng.
In the third year of the Anshi Rebellion (756), he was indignant about the difficult times and joined the shogunate of Yong Wang Li Lin. Unfortunately, King Yong and Suzong had a struggle for the throne. After their defeat, Li Bai was implicated and exiled to Yelang (in today's Guizhou). On the way, he was pardoned and wrote "Early Departure from Baidi City". In his later years, he wandered around the southeast and went to Li Yangbing, the magistrate of Dangtu County, his clan uncle. He died of illness soon after. It is also said that he died of illness caused by drinking. (See Pi Rixiu's "Li Hanlin's Poems"). It is also said that he died suddenly due to drinking (see "Old Book of Tang Dynasty"). It is also said that he fell into the lake drunk and drowned by catching the moon. This theory has been around since ancient times and is widely circulated.
The first theory: When Li Bai was seven years old, his father wanted to give his son a formal name. Li Bai's parents loved reading, and they wanted to train their son to be an elegant and refined person.
My father usually likes to teach his children to read and write poems. When he was thinking about naming the name, he discussed it with his mother and tested his son's ability to write poems while walking in the courtyard. My father looked at the verdant trees and brocade-like flowers in the courtyard in spring, and recited a poem: "The country of spring brings warmth and flowers bloom, and it comes first to usher in the golden bloom of spring." The mother continued: "The fire burns the leaves and the red clouds fall."
Li Bai knew that his parents had recited the first three lines of the poem, so he deliberately left the last line in the hope that he could continue. He walked to the blooming plum blossoms, thought for a moment and said: "The plum blossoms are in full bloom and the tree is white."
Didn’t Bai just speak of Li Hua’s holiness and elegance? The father had an idea and decided to choose the two characters “Li” and “Bai” at the beginning and end of the punchline as the name of his child, and he named his seven-year-old son Named "Li Bai".
The second theory: Li Yangbing's preface to "The Collection of Thatched Cottage" says: "Fleeed to Shu, and again referred to the plum tree and gave birth to Boyang." On the night of Jing Jiang, Chang Geng fell into a dream. Therefore, he was born and named Bai, with the character Taibai?.
Fan Chuanzheng wrote in "The New Tombstone of Li Gong, a Hanlin Scholar from the Tang Zuo Collection": When the Duke was born, the former monarch pointed to the sky (Li) branch to give him the surname. With the word, take the image?.
From the above documents, it is not difficult to see that Li Bai’s name was given to Li Bai after his father returned to Sichuan and restored his surname to Li before he was born later. Li’s mother dreamed of Taibai Queen Venus became pregnant and gave birth to Li Bai in unbearable labor pains. Li Bai's name was derived from this dream.