Call this mountain top, and the lower bound will not smell it. The shadow of the tower hangs clear, and the bells are ringing white clouds. Look at the quiet room, incense burns all over the street. While driving in the west, it's still dark. (Don't plunge into Lingyin Temple Peak Courtyard)
In the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, the poet Qian was very famous at that time. In He Juan, Yin Gan called him "good at writing feelings outside the party", and this poem is his masterpiece. The so-called "Fang wai" refers to Buddhism, aiming at birth, and also refers to Taoism.
According to volume 1 of Di Ji Sheng, Lingyin Temple is located on Lingyin Mountain in the west of Qiantang County, Hangzhou. During the period of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, a monk Huili climbed this mountain and sighed, "This Wulin Mountain is the small ridge of jiusan, the spirit of heaven. I don't know when to come." So this mountain is called Feilaifeng, where Huili founded Lingyin Temple.
In ancient times, some Buddhist temples were subordinate to several courtyards, and the courtyard on the top of Lingyin Temple was the one visited by Yun 5,000. Zhao Ti, a Sanskrit Caturdes'a, was transliterated as "Tuodutishe", and was called "Ti Tuo" in the province, and was later mistaken for "Zhao Ti". The original meaning is "Sifang", and later refers to the residence of Sifang monks and temples. The sentence "mention the top of this mountain" not only describes the location of the research institute, but also implies that it breaks the lower bound and isolates the sacredness of the earth.
In the sentence of couplets, Yin Kun called it "nothing in past dynasties" and spoke highly of it. The temple is already at the top of the mountain, and the temple tower is even higher into the sky. "Tower Shadow Covers Manchu" is a vivid description. The majestic pagoda is so high that it seems to give people the illusion of hanging above the sky. This tower shadow reflects the still picture of the vast sky from a distance, and evokes the aesthetic sublimity from the quiet image. "Bells and White Clouds" describes the synaesthesia of hearing and vision, which is even more magical. The ethereal bell melts into the long white clouds in the distance. There is a clock among the white clouds, and there are white clouds in the clock, so it is difficult to tell them apart. In contrast to the previous sentence, this sentence evokes a sense of religious nothingness from the invisible ethereal image. If the tower shadow, the Qing Dynasty and the white clouds are all spatial images, then the clock is the time image. With this bell, time and space, cause and effect, reality and movement seem to merge in an instant, and the past, present and future are connected in series, which is inseparable, and the moment is eternity.
Inspired by this, the poet entered the world of Zen, so the following shows his monastic experience in the courtyard at the top of the mountain. The phrase "Watch the sky and cover the quiet room, and everyone in the street will burn incense" is to cover the door of the quiet room, burn incense and sit in the meditation lane to observe the emptiness of various methods. Sui Tiantai monk wisdom "Wang Ren Jing Shu" Volume III "Viewing the Empty Goods" explained: "Those who speak empty words are said to have no phase, wonderful wisdom, no phase, internal and external silence, and view the empty." The quiet room is no longer ordinary, and the door is isolated from the outside world. Practicing meditation here, whether it is the inner wisdom of the scenery or the external scenery, is empty. The fragrance of the wick is filled with smoke, which is similar to the realm of "dust suddenly disappears and the fragrance is thick and round" in the Shurangama Sutra, and "there is no leakage in invention", which is consistent with the effect of observing the sky.
The phrase "stay in the west and drive" means to stop and practice here in the courtyard at the top of the mountain while the sun is still setting. "Driving the West" is a pun, which means that poets come here from the west and Tianzhu monks come to this temple from the west, because "driving the West" often implies that Tianzhu monks come to the East from the west to teach Buddhism. "Harmony between man and nature" refers to the human interest and natural interest among the six interests, belonging to the good interest, or refers to the monks in the temple. In a word, the conclusion conveys the poet's "non-party feelings" about Buddhism.
Zhao Ti Jing Qing
I came back from a trip to Zhao Ti and stayed in Zhao Ti. The shadow valley makes empty sounds, and the moon forest scatters clear shadows. The sky is like latitude, and the clouds are cold. Smelling the morning bell is thought-provoking. (Du Fu's "Youlong Gate Fengxian Temple")
In people's impression, Du Fu has always been a typical Confucian poet, and he also called himself "loyal to Confucianism". However, this poem "Zen without Zen" is the first in the chronological notes of the Qing Dynasty such as Detailed Interpretation of Du Fu's Poems and Complete Mirror of Du Fu's Poems. This is true, because this poem is Du Fu's earliest work. It was written in the 24th year of Kaiyuan (736) when he visited Luoyang, the eastern capital, but it is enough to show that he came into contact with Buddhism as early as his youth and had a certain understanding of Zen.
According to the title of the poem, this poem should be about visiting a Buddhist temple. However, the first sentence says "I traveled from Zhao Ti", which is very abrupt. It seems that the poem has not been written yet, and the tour has been done. However, the next sentence "Stay in the ground" makes readers understand that the poet's real fugue begins at night. The so-called "realm", Buddhism refers to people with wandering minds, that is, the world corresponding to human sensory consciousness. Eye knowledge climbs to the color realm, and ear knowledge, nose knowledge, tongue knowledge, body knowledge and consciousness climb to the sound realm, fragrance realm, taste realm, touch realm and law realm respectively. The realm originally refers to the dusty realm, but the realm of Zhao Ti is a Buddhist realm that is divorced from the dusty realm, so what you see, hear, touch, feel and experience at night is totally different from the secular world. Moreover, people who pass by during the day see nothing more than "scenery"; Those who stay overnight experience the "realm". "Quiet" is what you see with simple eyes, and "quiet" is what you feel with complex hearts.
Therefore, the second part focuses on the "realm" of attraction: there is a sound in the dark valley, the trees in the moonlight are swaying with the wind, and the forest shadows are scattered and mottled. Jin Shengtan's "Du Shi Jie" said in Volume 1: "This is the so-called" invitation ". It's vague, and it's not what I saw during the day. The word "Jing" is different from the word "Jing", which is noisy, quiet, quiet and far away. The word' static' is in front of shallow people, and the word' static' is in the eyes of deep people. With such a cross, I don't know whether it is loud or silent, whether it is bright or dark, whether it is the wind or the moon, or whether I am afraid of being happy, but I feel a situation in my heart. " The darkness of the dark valley, the brightness of the moon and the forest, the rustling sound of the emptiness and the silence of the clear shadow are intertwined, forming a quiet world with a different style.
The "Tianque as Weft Force" of the Necklace. Tianque refers to Longmen Mountain, and the two mountains are opposite. Image latitude refers to the latitude and longitude of a star. Sleeping in Tianque at night and looking up at the bright stars in the sky, the word "forced" is extremely powerful, vividly showing the oppressive feeling of the stars, and at the same time exaggerating the height of Tianque. "Cold Clouds" is to write the feeling of sleeping in a monk's room from the perspective of touch. Clothes are thin and clouds are cold. Although the skin is cold, it makes people feel refreshed and away from the world. This is another "tempting realm", as Wang Siyuan said in the first volume of Du Yi: "I have a clear eye for the romantic moon, but I am afraid of the vicinity of the nebula."
The sentence "I want to smell the morning bell" is a meaningful ending, like a lingering sound. When the poet was about to wake up, he heard the melodious bell in the temple, shocked and deeply introspected. In this regard, ancient commentators have different understandings. Shu people think that this is similar to the "sense of hearing" of Buddhism, just like the gravel of monk Yan hitting bamboo, which has come true. The so-called "depends on hearing and feeling" ("A detailed explanation of Du Fu's poems"). Wang Siyuan commented: "After writing six sentences, I took a step, forcing my dreams to touch the clock, and the micro-mind of the Tao came into being. Still have to peel off the friendship and look at the heavenly heart. Don't underestimate this abstruse language. " ("Du Yi" Volume 1) Jin Shengtan is dissatisfied with using "ringing bells" and "thinking deeply" as the language of enlightenment, and thinks that "Mr. Wang just wants to feel, but he doesn't remember that he is in the sky, lying in the clouds, the world is in a daze, and he doesn't know the core monument of life, Chen Yuan, and so on. This is infinity. Just in time, the bell crashed and fell straight on the pillow, and then my husband fell down. I am in a very cold place, Fengxian Temple in Longmen. The so-called sudden touching of the nostrils in the middle of the night is a real learning ability "(Volume 1 of Du Shi Festival). However, isn't this "synaptic nostril" the realm of Zen epiphany?
Lindong Zuo Yan
I found Qinglianyu and went to Xiechengque alone. Frost clears Lin Dongling, water white tiger creek moon. Tianxiang is empty, and heaven is full of joy. The banquet was silent, motionless and unscathed. Zhan Ran is sincere. He is often troubled by robbery. (Li Bai Lushan Tuolin Temple Night)
The identity of the poet Li Bai is a bit complicated. When the Taoist saw him, he exclaimed that he was a "fallen fairy", which is obviously the label of Taoism. However, Li Bai also gave himself the name of a Buddhist monk, as if he had devoted himself to Buddhism. In particular, he has a poem about self-orientation: "Violet layman is demoted to a fairy, and the name of the restaurant is hidden for thirty years." Huzhou Sima why ask, Jin Su Tathagata is back. "("Answering Sima Bai in Huzhou ") openly claimed that he was a lay figure. Torinji Night in Lushan Mountain just proves Li Bai's Buddhist accomplishment, and his self-created Vimalakīrti is not empty talk.
The poet bid farewell to the bustling Quecheng and went up the mountain alone to find a Buddhist temple. "Qinglianyu" is another name of Buddhist temple, and it is also the place where "Qinglianyu" yearns to live. Tuolin Temple is a western pure land built by Hui Yuan, a monk in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and built by Hui Yuan, Liu Yimin and other 18 monks and common people. It is called Lotus Society in history. That night, Li Bai lived in Torinji, and only Du Like Fu lived in Fengxian Temple in Longmen. Then he realized the "realm" of Lian Fang.
"Frost clears the east bell of Lin", which means that the bell in autumn night is particularly cool because of frost. According to China's ancient musical concept, the clock should be frosted. "Shan Hai Jing Zhongshan Jing": "(Fengshan) has nine bells, which is to know first frost." First frost gives people a cold and noble feeling, and the frosty bell can wash away the mind disturbed by the heat and dust. In addition, this is Toringi's bell, which looks more unique. Meng Haoran, a good friend of Li Bai, once wrote the poem "A quiet house in Donglin is near, and a bell rings at dusk" when he was "boating and looking at Lushan Mountain in the evening", expressing his wish to "stay away from the hubbub forever". But Li Bai himself is already in the temple at the moment, smelling the bell and feeling the feeling outside the dust. "Water white tiger creek moon", the autumn moon shines on the tiger creek, with a silvery white light. Tiger Creek is next to Toringi. In the past, Huiyuan sent guests across the stream, and the tiger needed to whistle, hence the name. The frost clock and the hidden moon together form an ethereal and clear world, just like Du Fu's "invitation".
"Tianxiang is empty, and the sky is full of joy." At this moment, it seems that there is a fragrant smell in the ethereal world, and there is a supernatural Le Lang. Of course, this is not a religious activity in the temple at night, because it is "incense" and "nature", which comes from nature, not artificial incense burning and music played by monks. Only in the realm of extreme peace can Liu Gen feel this illusory fragrance and the wonderful feeling of music. Song Chaojiong's "Law Collection Broken Gold Record", Volume 5, talks about these two poems: "There should be natural and clear air in the quiet scene, which is called Tianxiang; Natural voiceless, called Tianle. "
After reading the following two sentences, "The banquet is silent, and thousands of people will not be harmed", we know that the so-called "Tianxiang" and "Tianle" are the results of the mysterious experience of the poet when sitting at the banquet. The banquet is meditation, silent and motionless, and all troubles are silent. At this moment, the universe seems to be integrated into the poet's hair, and the poet's hair also contains the universe. The difference in space size disappears completely. As for "Zhan Ran is sincere, he was troubled by robbery", this is the instant eternity of the time dimension detected by the state of banquet and sitting. The first volume of the Shurangama Sutra says: "All beings, from the beginning, live and die together, are all unknown." If we can keep this "eternal sincerity" and make it free from Zhan Ran, then we can completely cut off the long cycle of robbery and get rid of the cycle of life and death. In a word, Li Bai experienced the silence of time and space in the practice of banquet and sitting in Tolin Temple, and his "nostalgia at night" is exactly this religious feeling after he got rid of his troubles.
(Author: China Institute of Popular Culture, Sichuan University)
A woman who picks lotus flowers by the stream will laugh at the lotus flowers. Sunshine new makeup, the bottom is bright, and the wind-scented sleeves are lifted in the air. Who swims on the shore, 3355 reflects weeping willows. Amorpha fruticosa hissed towards the fallen flowers. Seeing this scene, I hesitated and was heartbroken.
(Li Bai's Song of Picking Lotus)