Lu You, Zi Guanhe and Trumpeter are outstanding patriotic poets in Chinese history. There is always a strong patriotism in his numerous poems. His patriotism, his ambition to worry about the country and his ambition to serve the country have been admired and praised by people of all ages, and are still a good teaching material for our patriotic education.
(A) Lu You's patriotism
Lu You has a strong patriotic feeling. Judging from his poems and related materials, his patriotism is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
First, love the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. In a large number of Lu You's poems, there are many excellent works praising the motherland's great rivers and mountains, history and culture, such as:
"Don't laugh at the farmhouse wine, stay for a good year. There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay. Xiao Gu followed the Spring Club, and his clothes were simple. From now on, if you land on the moon leisurely, you will knock on the door all night with a cane. "
This is a poem that vividly depicts rural customs and scenery. There are many such poems in Lu You's poems. These excellent works express the poet's love for life and praise for the motherland with beautiful and vivid words.
Second, he was extremely angry at the invasion of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and determined to join in the recovery of the country.
"Three Wan Li rivers enter the sea, five thousand towering mountains climb skyscrapers, and adherents shed tears and dust, looking south to Julian Waghann for another year".
In this poem, the poet describes that the magnificent motherland and mountains fell into the hands of the Jin people, and tells that the tears of the people in the occupied areas have dried up. They look forward to the arrival of the Southern Song army year after year, but they are disappointed year after year. The author's patriotism is beyond words.
"Lonely lamp Geng Shuang Xi, poor mountain reading the art of war, the heart of Wanli throughout his life, holding Zhou Wang's former body, every soldier who died, ashamed to return to his wife. ........................................................................................................................
When Zhongyuan fell into the hands of Jin people, the poet spoke his mind, read the art of war from his own narrative, and made up his mind to make sacrifices to recover lost territory and defend the motherland, fully expressing the poet's ambition to resist Jin Weiguo.
The third is to love the people. Love your country and your people. Lu You's love for the people is deep and sincere.
"Zhao Wei and Chen Hu are full of blood, and the adherents are full of wolves ..." He is very sympathetic to the people who suffered from the war. "In recent years, the people are fierce and desolate, and they have moved over the ravine. The county court is as long as a wolf, and the women are afraid of death and the children are stiff. " Anger at the invaders, hatred for corrupt officials and sympathy for the people in the war are all vividly shown in these poems, which makes people see the poet's sincere sympathy and care for the people.
Lu You has been an official many times in his life. Regardless of his position, he always regards the people as his parents and pays attention to their sufferings. According to historical records, Lu You was appointed as the magistrate of Yanzhou in 1 186, that is, when he was 62 years old. During this term, Lu You "postponed the meeting, pursued triviality simply, refrained from promoting work, and saved the strict" ("Ding Wei zhouyan advised agriculture"). He does not disturb the people, does not waste, works diligently and selflessly for the people and is loved and supported by the people.
"Crows crow in the morning, crows come back at night, and there are several boxes with rice in the middle ...", "When can I be free without a glass of wine?" ("Poetry manuscript. The prosperity of autumn ")
These poems are not only a true record of his life at that time, but also reflect his love for the people. He has a strong sense of responsibility to the people. Until his later years, although he was old and sick, he was still actively concerned about social security and worried that the people would suffer: "It is quite heard that dogs and thieves are more than the evening. There is nothing wrong with swimming, so what will you tell me? When the family is poor, reading newspapers is a must. Lie down and dare to be safe, stand up and throw my hat "("Poetry Draft "Volume 18). He is opposed to exorbitant taxes on ordinary people, and he doesn't have the heart to force them to pay rent by beating the board. He thinks it is very shameful to do so: "It is shameful to criticize tax collection" (Poetry Draft). Qiu Xing "). Because he cares about the sufferings of the people and tries hard to solve problems for them, he has achieved good results: "the rent of the people has been reduced repeatedly, and the official responsibility is lighter than the law" (Poetry Draft). Prosperity in autumn "). Seeing the common people living and working in peace and contentment, he once said to himself happily, "I have never been poor when I came to Yanzhou" (Book XIX of Poetry). He is worthy of the people, and of course the people love him very much.
Although Lu You was born in an official family, he had an indissoluble bond with the people since he was a child during the war years. Especially in his later years, he always kept close contact with the people. According to historical records, after he left office, he "returned clothes to the people and recited agricultural books" (anthology) and "lived among the old peasants" (poetry). He personally took part in agricultural labor and "planted vegetables for three fields and seven or eight animals and dolphins" (poetry. Seclusion). Due to the long-term relationship with farmers, Lu You and farmers have increasingly deep feelings and close contacts. Lu you said to them: "the rice in the east is on the stage, which is the pot of labor;" Western women's employment, congratulations "("Poetry Draft ". Late autumn "). What about farmers? They also like the old poet very much: "Savages know that I seldom go out of the house, but when the men stopped hoeing and the women got off the plane, they dug up the mushroom and cooked it properly, and gave me a cup of well-meaning advice to keep out the cold. Savages like me wander around occasionally, taking wine in a hurry and persuading them to stay. After they left, they picked vegetables with baskets and asked Dan to buy pear heads in front of the door. Dongcun).
This pure feeling can not help but remind people of the scenes of Li Bai's "looking for Xun's family under the Five Songshan Mountains" and Du Fu's "getting drunk in the mud of Tianfu", which reflects the affection between Lu You and the people.
(B) Lu You's concern for the country
When commenting on Lu You's poems, Minglangying once said: "If you sigh a little, you will be angry with the book, which shows your feelings" (Seven Manuscripts). So, what kind of feelings is "their feelings"? As can be seen from his poems, this kind of feeling is worrying about the country and the people. "Cui Huadong visited China for fifty years, and Chixian was full of glory" (Tan Xiao). He is worried about the division of the country and the livelihood of the people.
"The war horse is dead, a hundred officials keep the peace treaty, the poor side refers to flying, and a foreign land regards Luo Jing" (Drunk Song). He rebuked the capitulators for selling the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, and accused the capitulators of rejecting the anti-Japanese generals and delaying state affairs: "Officials and officials have arranged Zong Ze with the party, but no one used Yue Fei. The old man should not know this hate, but also take off his clothes every Han Festival. " "A gentleman can sigh that he is extremely clever, and he was wrong about the country at that time!" He expressed great indignation at the capitulationists who gave people's blood to greedy and disabled enemies: "In the past, there was chaos in the Central Plains, and wolves hated human flesh. I have long been familiar with the loss of gold to the imperial court. I don't understand greed and disability, and I will never be satisfied with it! Today, people are open-minded, and tears continue with blood "("Luwen Chaos Down ").
"At the beginning of Bian Feng according to the stone, spin smell Hu Maji Guazhou. Gentlemen, if you follow our advice, we have nothing to worry about! The snow breaks the window, and the dangerous building is full of tears. I don't know, today's Huainan Road is littered with flying flowers to send passenger ships "("Send Seven Brothers to Yangzhou Mu Shuai ").
This is the poet who sent his friend to Yangzhou, which was close to the front. In this poem, he expressed the poet's anxiety about the situation at that time.
Lu You's concern for the country and people is deep and unswerving. His life is full of ups and downs, but no matter what the situation, the feelings of worrying about the country and the people always haunt him. On the battlefield, he turned this feeling into courage and strength to kill the enemy; In his official position, he turned this feeling into a power to plead for the country and the people. Even if he was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown to get old, he still cared about the country and the people.
"The old country was ill for three years, and the new currency was cloudy in October, the hedge was withered, the bad wall was covered with moss, and I was worried about the country and the people's tears. I was a brave man. I am not a child, so I am willing to give a white head. " (Spring Festival)
"Xu Haishan has been six years, I swear by arable land. Although nourishing the heart will be released if it is frozen, worrying about the country and the people is still in danger. Who can forget the taboo when discussing? Talent is about to become more and more restrained. Do people also use straws? Zhenguan Kaiyuan is currently "("Worrying about the Country ").
"Night after night, the firewood is warm and the rice is straight. Being a wild old man is no longer responsible, and there are refugees on the road who are finally tempted! " ("Spring is bursting")
Worrying about the country and the people is in North Korea, far from the rivers and lakes, and still worrying about the country and the people. Lu You, like Fan Zhongyan, worries about the world first, then enjoys the world. Worrying about the country is beyond words.
(C) Lu You's ambition to serve the country
He is not only patriotic, but also determined to serve the country with practical actions, which is the difference between Lu You and other poets. In his work How Gorgeous Language Is, How to Restore Things through Conquest (Crane Forest and Jade Dew), there are not only words of brave fighting, but also descriptions of the facts of fighting against the enemy. Through these works, people can clearly see the poet's firm ambition to serve the country.
Lu You lived in the late Northern Song Dynasty and the first half of the Southern Song Dynasty. This period is a period of social unrest and extremely sharp ethnic contradictions. According to historical records, a poet was born in the seventh year of Song Huizong Xuanhe (A.D.1125th). This seems to indicate that the poet will face a bloody disaster from the day he was born. Soon, the emerging Jurchen nationality marched into Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, from the east and west, and a war of aggression and anti-aggression began. However, due to the corruption of the rulers in the Northern Song Dynasty, they insisted on the peaceful route of surrender, so that the Jin Bing went straight to Kaifeng House in the first year of Jingkang, Song Qinzong, and the Northern Song Dynasty perished. In the second year of Shaoxing, Zhao Gou established the Southern Song Dynasty court in Lin 'an. In this earth-shaking era, Lu You received patriotic education when he was a child in exile, and in his young mind, he carved an incomparable hatred for the invaders.
"I am a toddler, and my family is tired of running around the Central Plains. I heard the thief Ma Si's voice on the Huaihe River, and I jumped out of the crowd. People who are pregnant with a cake of grass often don't cook for ten days. "
In Shaoxing for ten years, Jin Wushu led his troops to invade the south on a large scale, and was beaten out of the water by patriotic generals such as Yue Fei. However, Zhao Gou listened to Qin Gui's slanderers and killed Yue Fei on charges of "trumped-up". 1February, the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin people decided to hold a shameful "Shaoxing Peace Talks" and announced their surrender. Yue Fei's patriotism, Qin Gui's traitorous behavior, and young Lu You are all seen in the eyes and kept in mind. From an early age, I made a wish to "get on the horse and attack the crazy Hu, and get off the horse and write a book."
In the twenty-sixth year of Shaoxing, the talented Lu You won the first place in the lock-up hall for serving the country. The next year, I tried to be in the Ministry of Ritual, also called in the forefront. But at that time, Qin Gui wanted his grandson to sit in the first place, and Qin Gui used his power to exempt Lu You. Lu You was furious and studied the art of war and fencing at home, determined to fight the traitors and invaders to the end. It was not until Qin Gui's death that Lu You was used. Since then, Lu You has devoted himself to the battle to restore the Central Plains.
"Before guarding Nanzheng, Qinshan is gloomy, iron clothes lie on the pillow, and sleep is frosty" ("Poetry Draft").
"I used to be at the edge of the nutrient-laden river, near the thief, with iron clothes on my horse, and sometimes I didn't eat fire for three days. Buckwheat, millet and millet mixed with sand, black millet and yellow grass, flying frost and cold fingers, one inch of pure heart is only for serving the country "("Poetry Draft ").
This is the poet's description of the war scene. Such a scene can't be written without getting close.
"Yellow Jin Cuodao white jade, night wear casement shine. Husband did not achieve fifty merits, and took care of the eight famine independently with a knife. Jinghua makes friends with all strangers and falls in love with life and death. In one thousand, Shi Ce was relegated to obscurity, and a piece of Dan Xin was reported to the son of heaven. When you come to Tianhanbin to join the army, the light snow in Nanshan is rugged. Alas, although the Chu family can destroy Qin, how can they have a free country! " (A trip to Jin Cuodao)
"Arrows wither for a long time, out of breath. Lao Tzu is still as good as the desert, so why shed tears for the new pavilion? A national mourning, people's temples are no longer green. Remember where the rivers and lakes are parked, and lie and smell the new geese falling cold "("Sleeping in the Water Village at Night ").
These poems, full of vigor and vitality, are powerful and forceful, and between the lines, all reveal the heroic spirit of the author's loyal service to the country. "It's not a pity to be killed at first", "It's normal to be buried under a horse", and he died for his country and died. Even if you are old and sick, you still don't lose your ambition;
"Although the old disease is very tired, I can do more, but I can seek long-lasting results. I got on the horse without hesitation! " (Collection of Poetry, Volume 20)
"When I was lying in a remote village, I didn't feel sorry for myself, but I still wanted to protect the wheel platform for my country. I lie in the middle of the night listening to the wind and rain, and I dream of an iron horse glacier "("Poetry Draft ",volume 26).
Luntai is the frontier of the motherland. The poet is old and weak, sick in his hometown, but he is still persistent in defending the frontier of the motherland. The poet's passion and strong will are admirable. Even when he realizes that death is coming, he will turn himself into a spectre and continue to fight with the enemy: "White hair, rustling, only relying on the loneliness and loyalty of heaven and earth, ............................................................................................................................
Lu You died in A.D. 1209. On his deathbed, he still remembered the reunification of the motherland and wrote the poem "Shizi", which has been passed down through the ages:
"When you die, you know everything is empty, and you see Kyushu's sorrow. Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and there is no hope for family sacrifices! "
Great and outstanding poets, magnificent poems full of strong patriotism, always infect and inspire people!
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