Li Bai's life.

Li Bai's life (1) is located at the intersection of Fujiang River and Panjiang River in jiangyou city, with beautiful soil, fertile water, lush trees, bamboo sea culture and beautiful scenery. This is the former residence of Li Bai, a great romantic poet in Tang Dynasty. Li Bai was born in Longxi Courtyard at the foot of Tianbaoshan in the first year of Chang 'an (70 1). There are many magical and romantic stories about the birth of Li Bai, such as "dancing can get a carp" and "Chang Geng fell asleep". Legend has it that Li Bai's mother crossed the river in Mampo and saw a golden carp swimming towards her. So I picked it up with a bamboo basket and went home to cook, so I got pregnant. During childbirth, I dreamed that Chang Geng Xing fell from the sky and fell into my arms, and immediately gave birth to Li Bai. Li Bai has many names. "Names and characters are salty and take their images". Chang Geng is a white Venus, hence the name "white" and the word "too white". In the Tang Dynasty, peers used to call Li Bai the first. Li Bai was the twelfth brother in the extended family, so he was called "Li Shier" at that time, and sometimes his name was added, that is, "Li Shier Bai". During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai went to Beijing with a letter and met the secretary Jian He in the Zijing Palace in Chang 'an. After reading his works, he repeatedly sighed and called him "fallen immortal", so later generations also called Li Bai "fallen immortal". ? At the same time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty appreciated Li Bai very much and ordered him to enter imperial academy, which was called "Hanlin to be called" or "Hanlin to be worshipped", so it was also called "or" Li to be worshipped ". Li Bai once believed in Buddhism, and once called himself a "violet layman", also known as "Li Qinglian". At the beginning of Guangde in Tang Daizong, Li Bai was worshipped as a left scavenger. At this time, he passed away, and later generations also called him "Li Shiyi". Because Li Bai is a hero in wine and a genius in poetry, later generations often call him "Poet Fairy" and "Brewmaster". There are many unsolved mysteries about Li Bai's life experience. According to his self-report and contemporary records, he is the ninth grandson of Li Gui, the prince of Zhao in Liang Wudi, and the eleventh grandson of the prince of Zhao in Liang Wudi. However, Li Bai does not belong to the imperial clan, and Li Bai and Tang Xuanzong do not recognize the imperial clan. But what is certain is that Li Bai's ancestral home is Ji Cheng in Longxi, and he is a descendant of Li Guang, a general of the Western Han Dynasty. He also wrote a poem to his family, saying, "My family is from Longxi, a general in the early Han Dynasty. Merit covers heaven and earth, and fame flies to Qingyun. The effort didn't wait, and I was quite disappointed in those days (Two Gifts for Zhang Xiangyu). Li Bai's ancestor was exiled to the western regions at the end of Sui Dynasty and changed his surname. It was not until the late Tang Dynasty when Wu Zetian moved back to Longqinglian Township, the governor of Mian County, Sichuan Province, to restore his surname. Li Bai's father's name is Li Ke, who is quite rich and has a high cultural level in China. He is a reclusive figure, who lives in seclusion in the clouds and does not seek a career. He pays attention to the cultivation and education of Li Bai. It is precisely because Li Sheng was born in such a family, had sufficient conditions to study, and was gifted, and received strict education since childhood. He himself said, "At the age of five, recite six precepts, and at the age of ten, watch a hundred schools of thought" (History of Shang 'an Peichang). He not only studied orthodox Confucian works, but also studied various works such as hundred schools of thought. During this period, I began to write poems, such as Early Moon, Duiyu, Xiaoqing and Wang Fushi. Although the style is weak, it is fresh and smooth. After the age of fifteen, it is an important period for Li Bai to study and live. Li Bai, who is ambitious in all directions, works harder to enrich his knowledge and improve his talents. "Fifteen wonderful books for Ling Xiangru" ("Zhang Erli"). In the Tang Dynasty, seclusion prevailed. Scholars read more books in the mountain temple, concentrate on reading, develop fame, and then seek opportunities to become famous and enter the official career. Li Bai lived in seclusion for most of his life after he was fifteen, and studied in daming temple, a big mine in Dakang Town, jiangyou city. During this period, he dabbled in various theories and wrote poems, especially the larger Fu. During this period, Li Bai had a strong desire to learn and create, and he always worked tirelessly to write classics, and his knowledge was greatly improved. Tang Ming Fu and Da Hunting Fu in this period were magnificent, imaginative and beautiful, reaching a position comparable to that of Sima Xiangru, a sage of Sichuan. "After fifteen years of studying immortals, you will never stop wandering immortals" (the fifth part of "Eight Feeling Poems"). Bashu is one of the cradles of Taoism. Coupled with the worship of Taoism in the Tang Dynasty, Taoism prevailed. Weizi, near the former residence of Li Bai, is a famous Taoist shrine. "Home is in Wei Zi, and the Taoist style has not diminished" (titled "Danqiu Mountain Residence, Songshan Arbitrary Courtyard"). Li Bai was deeply influenced by Taoism when he was a teenager, so he envied immortals, made friends with Taoists and looked for superior people. This content is mainly manifested in paying homage to Taoist priests in Dai Tianshan, pursuing harmony, respecting teachers and living in seclusion. The detachment and independence of Taoism, the pursuit of individual freedom and the critical spirit have a great influence on Li Bai's ideological character. "Learn fencing in the Tenth Five-Year Plan" (Jingzhou in Han Dynasty). There was a strong martial arts style in the Tang Dynasty, and scholars were more interested in making contributions with martial arts. Influenced by the times, Li Bai began to learn fencing from an early age, and devoted himself to the chivalrous life of helping the poor and the needy and attaching importance to wealth and righteousness. He likes to make friends with some rangers: "I don't know what to do, but I have tried my best." But Qin does not reward, Jinning rewards ("Xiangyang Shaofu Hao Xiong gives"). Ren Xia's martial arts is also famous in Shu. For example, chivalry by Chen Ziang, a scholar, and fencing by Zhao Kun, Li Bai's teacher, had a great influence on Li Bai. Li Bai's swordsmanship, Ren Xia, also had a certain social influence. Liu Tang Bai Quan said that he was "famous in the capital without Ren Xia, not in charge of industry" (Li Junyuan, Bachelor of Tang Gu Hanlin). Li Bai claimed to be a "strong man" all his life, and fencing Ren Xia had a far-reaching influence on Li Bai's heroic spirit and his thought of retiring after success. During this period, another important activity of Li Bai was "going to and from neighboring counties" (Zhang Ming's anecdote) and "going to princes" (Jingzhou with Han Shu). Li Bai has traveled to Sichuan many times. I went to Longzhou, Jianmen, Emei, Chengdu and Chongqing successively. "Go to Jiang Youwei", "Go to the Golden City Scattered Flowers Building" and "Go to Emei Mountain" are his works during his travels. During his extensive travels, he learned about social customs, broadened his knowledge and enriched his life experience. While traveling, Li Bai also paid a visit to the local governor and sent his own poems to appreciate and promote him. In the Tang dynasty, the wind of dry calling prevailed. No matter the imperial examination or other ways of selecting talents and appointing people, you have to be recommended and invited to recommend, so do not shout. Li Bai met Su Xiang, the secretariat of Yizhou, while traveling in Chengdu, and Li Yong, the secretariat of Yuzhou. When Li Bai met him, he sent his own poems and poems, which were greatly appreciated. Su Xiang said, "This kid is a genius. He never stops writing. Although the downwind was unsuccessful, he could see the bones of the car. Learn from others' strengths and you can keep pace "(History of Shang 'an Peichang). Later, Su Xiang personally recommended to the court: "Zhao Yan's skill, Li Bai's article" ("Recommended Talents in Western Shu"). In the neighboring county, Li Bai also personally visited Zhao Kun, a native of Zizhou Yanting who is famous for his "several tricks" and has repeatedly failed to sign a contract in Kaiyuan. Zhang Ming's anecdote called him "Ren Xia is full of energy and good at learning". He wrote ten volumes of long and short classics to explain Wang Ba's skills. Li Bai studied with him for more than 20 years. Li Bai "talked about management and beauty, seeking the skills of emperors." "Obviously, Zhao Kun's lofty political ideal and strategy of governing the country are deeply influenced by his willingness to help others, which makes the Atlas area large and Hai Xian County clear. After ten years' hard work, in the spring of the 12th year of Kaiyuan (724), Li Bai, 24, pursued the way to realize his political ideal and displayed his great ambition in order to realize the ambition of the Quartet, "brave the sword to serve the country, leave his hometown and travel far away". Before he left, he wrote a poem in the mountains, which not only pinned his nostalgia for his hometown, but also expressed his determination to serve the country with a sword. After Li Bai left his hometown, he traveled to Chengdu, boarded Emei, and wrote "Emei Mountain Moon Song" when he went downstream from Emei. I went to Yuzhou in the autumn of 2008, stayed in Yuzhou for several months, traveled all over Pakistan and climbed Wushan. " Wushan is high but not poor, and Pakistan is exhausted "("From Badong Boat to Qutang Gorge, climb the highest peak of Wushan and return to the Great Wall at night "). In the 13th year of Kaiyuan (725), he began to leave the gorge in the spring and never returned to his hometown. In the spring of the 13th year of Kaiyuan (725), Li Bai left the gorge and crossed Jingmen, and wrote poems such as "Seeing Friends Off at Jingmen Ferry" and "Looking straight at the Shujiang River in Jingmen". When he went to Jiangling, he met the Taoist Sima Cheng Town. Sima Chengzhen thought that Li Bai was "like a sage, and he could roam on the surface of the octupole with his heart", which greatly encouraged Li Bai. He even wrote Fu Dapeng and The Giant Fish in the North (the 33rd ancient poem), in which he wrote a poem to express his feelings. Li Bai has repeatedly compared himself to Dapeng, and Zhuang language is superimposed. It can be seen that Li Bai, who just came out of the gorge, is full of lofty sentiments. Then he went down the river, crossed Jiangxia, crossed Xunyang, went to Lushan as the "two waterfalls of Lushan Mountain" and went to Dangtu to linger in Jinling. Li Bai was fascinated by the Jiangnan scenery in Jinling. He wrote poems such as "Mi Bai Ci" and "Farewell in a Nanjing Hotel", and spent a lot of money: "I spent less than a year traveling east and scattered more than 300,000 yuan. When I learned that my son was down and out, they all came to help me. This is a kind of white wealth and good charity (History of Shang 'an Peichang). ? In the autumn of the 14th year of Kaiyuan, he swam around in the middle until he ran out of money, and then he returned to Yangzhou, where he was ill, missed his hometown and old friends, and wrote the book "Huainan Book to Shu". Fortunately, with the help of their friend Meng Shaofu, they went west to Anlu, Hubei Province and were arranged by Meng Shaofu. In the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan, they took their son-in-law as their husband and lived in Taohuayan, Baizhaoshan, Anlu after marriage. In the meantime, he wrote Dai Shoushan's Answer to Meng Shaofu's Tune to show his lofty political ideal, and wrote poems such as South Xuange, in which Li Bai said to himself, "Why did he soar to the sky and go straight to thousands of feet?" He expressed his ambition to soar to the sky and make a blockbuster. Li Bai's situation in Anlu is very bad. At first, he was praised as "Li Bai's bold writing style, famous for his handsome words, endless flow, bright and clear, and touching sentences" ("Pei Yun History of Shang 'an Prefecture"). Later, for some unknown reason, Pei and Li Er were sentenced to stay in Anzhou for a long time. Although he wrote a humble letter to defend himself, he was not forgiven, so he took Nanyang and entered West Chang 'an. In the 18th year of Kaiyuan, Li Bai went to Chang 'an to meet Zhang Xiang and his second son Ma and Wei. However, Zhang Yang did not leave Li Bai in the desert garden, but left him in the cold. Li Bai wandered in the capital, writing about Sauvignon Blanc, hoping that the monarch and the minister would meet. In Shu, he wrote three poems, Difficult Road and Difficult Travel, the second one, to express his resentment by writing about talents instead of talents. As soon as Li Bai entered Chang 'an, he ended up frustrated. After the 19th spring of Kaiyuan, Li Bai's poems stayed at Anlu's home, or roamed Luoyang, Kaifeng, Taiyuan, wuyue and Dangtu. He wrote poems such as Into the Wine, Poems of Liang Garden and Poems of Fu Liang to express his incompetence. He also said that he would cheer up and wait for a comeback, believing that he would eventually realize his lofty ideal. In the 28th year of Kaiyuan, due to the death of Mrs. Xu, Li Bai moved to East Road and now lives in Yizhou, Shandong. During this period, Li Bai claimed that "his life was quiet and peaceful, and he wasted ten years", and his search for a political way out was repeatedly frustrated, but in fact it was an important period when Li Bai's life was about to turn. His understanding of social reality is deeper, his life experience is richer, and his bold and elegant poetry style is fully mature, with various forms and perfect techniques. He has created many important works, and his name is well-known at home and abroad. In the winter of the 29th year of Kaiyuan (74 1), Li Bai arrived in Jiaoyuan Danqiu and was named Daowei Xingyi. Yuan Danqiu recommended Li Bai to Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty through Princess Yu Zhen (she gave the name of the Taoist priest to Master Ying). In the first year of Tianbao (742), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty issued a letter to recruit Li Bai to the court. Li Baixi, 42, couldn't help thinking that he could realize his ideal from now on, so he wrote "Nanling children don't go to Beijing" and "Laughing in the sky" and went west to Chang 'an. Li Bai's life (2) While waiting for the summons, Li Bai and the secretary supervisor met at the Purple Palace in Chang 'an. He read Li Bai's works, such as Shu Dao Nan and Wu Qiqu, and lamented that "you can make the gods cry", calling Li Bai a "fallen fairy" and recommending it to Tang Xuanzong. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty summoned Li Bai in the Golden Hall and ordered him to write a letter to the Hanlin. During this period, Li Bai participated in drafting some court documents, but more often as a literary attendant of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, accompanied the emperor to feast and hunt, and wrote articles embellishing and praising merits. His political ambition of "competing for beauty, being willing to assist, making the Atlas area bigger and making Hai Xian County clear" cannot be realized at all. He went from being in high spirits at the imperial edict, to being a martyr in Hanlin life, and then to longing for a life of idleness and freedom in Jianghu. Li said in the preface to the collection of thatched cottage: "When singing, it is repeatedly called Dongshan." During this period, in addition to the three famous Qingping tunes, a large number of works were created, such as Yu Jiefen, Yu Hu Yin, Song of Sorrow, Wu Ye Tune and Guan Shanyue. Or express the sadness and resentment of the failure of the monarch and his ministers, or express dissatisfaction with the militaristic policy of the imperial court. At the same time, because of his high talent, he was envied and his kindness gradually declined. Li Bai, who relies on talent and pride, is even more depraved. He often drinks with some frustrated courtiers and celebrities, and is known as the "Eight Immortals of Drinking". "In the spring of the third year of Tianbao (744), Li Bai made up his mind to leave, so he wrote to resign and was approved by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to send money back to the mountain. Li Bai left Chang 'an with mixed feelings. In May of that year, Li Bai and Du Fu met in Luoyang, Tokyo, and the meeting of the two poets became a much-told story in the history of China literature. In the autumn of the same year, Du Li traveled with Gao Shi, another famous poet in Liang and Song Dynasties. After Li Bai broke up with Du Fu and Gao Shi, he traveled to Taoism in Hebei, Shandong and other places, and officially became a Taoist in the Amethyst Palace in Jinan. After returning to Ohio, I built a restaurant near my residence, drank all day and seldom woke up. Reading Taoist books and indulging in restaurants are both ways for Li Bai to relieve his mental pain after political setbacks. In the autumn of the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Du Fu visited, and they traveled together for more than ten days. They wrote poems as friends and forged a profound friendship. In the autumn of the fifth year of Tianbao (746), he visited wuyue in the south and stayed in Jinling for a long time. At this time, the Tang dynasty had turned from prosperity to decline, and feudal rule was becoming more and more decadent and dark. The traitors are in power, they destroy the sages, they are militaristic, and people's livelihood is ruined. Li Bai suffered political setbacks, but he still cares about the security of the world. The poems of this period include Answering the King for Twelve Nights, Feeling, Criticizing the Bad King and His Servants, The Battle of the South of the City, Denying the Current Politics of the Militaries, The Song of Protecting the Capital of Ding Du, Lamenting the Suffering of People's Livelihood, Mounting the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing, etc., which express today's deep grief and indignation. Sleepwalking in A Farewell to Liu Ling from Tianmu expresses resentment against disillusionment. In the autumn of the ninth year of Tianbao (750), Li Bai ended his roaming in wuyue and returned to the East Land from Jianghuai. The following year, Li Bai married his last wife, Mrs. Zong, the granddaughter of Zong Chuke. That autumn, Judge He Changhao, the judge of Youzhou, invited Li Bai to visit Youzhou. At that time, An Lushan led more than 200,000 military forces in three towns, with half of the country's troops, and accumulated different ambitions early. Li Bai, who was concerned about national security, noticed that the rebellion against Anshi was gradually becoming clear and worried, and wrote poems such as Popular North and Kung Fu Crossing the River. In order to save national security, Yu Tianbao entered Chang 'an in the spring of 753 despite his family's dissuasion. Li Bai lingered under Wei Que in Chang 'an, unable to make suggestions, knowing that the country was going to collapse, but unable to return to heaven, and his mood was very painful. Twelve years of Tianbao (753). Li Bai went south to Xuancheng, hiding between mountains and rivers, waiting for the war to happen. In the meantime, there are poems such as Shu Yun, Xie Yuezhao Building Farewell to School, Xuanzhou, Qiupu Song, and Yu Xun's Home at the foot of Songshan Mountain in Wuyue Mountain. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion happened as Li Bai expected. Li Bai then ran south with his family to avoid the ground; After going out to the west, enter Lushan to avoid chaos. Feeling the ups and downs of the country, he wrote words such as "Bodhisattva Man" and "Recalling Qin E" to express his concern for the country and his helplessness in serving the country. In the second year of Zhide (757), Li Bai was wooed by Li Lin, Emperor Yongli. Li Bai, who values the destiny of the country, thinks that he will have another chance to serve the country. Only a month later, he became a victim of infighting among feudal rulers. Pengze was arrested and imprisoned for treason in Jiangxi. Despite appeals from all directions, there are few helpers. Fortunately, Song Ruosi, the son of his good friend Song, advised Cui Huan to plead for him, but Li Bai survived his death, but he was finally sentenced to life. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), 59-year-old Li Bai was pardoned and released in Kuizhou on his way to exile Yelang. Back in Jiangling, I wrote a poem "Chaofa Baidicheng", which only expressed the joy of getting rid of suffering. Because of the Anshi Rebellion, Li Bai wandered in Jiangxia and returned to Mrs. Liang in the winter of the first year of Shang Yuan (760). There are not many parties, so it is a farewell for husband and wife to send the master to Lushan to learn Taoism. Li Bai then roamed Jinling in the spring of the second year of Shang Dynasty (76 1). In the autumn of the first year of Baoying (762), I heard that Li Guangbi led an army to remove Yuan Chao's rebellion. Li Bainian is 60 years old, disabled, strong, white-haired and volunteered, but he failed to get sick. He wrote "I heard that Li Taiwei had sent millions of stingers to the southeast, and the coward volunteered, so that he could be cut off by Ji Shen, and he was still half seriously ill, leaving Cui Feng in Jinling for the 19th rhyme" to remember his story. Due to poverty and illness, Li Bai had to go to Dangtu to take refuge in his uncle and county magistrate Li. Li couldn't afford to get sick when he was in Dangtu, and felt that he was dying. He asked Li to sort out, print and preface all his poems. Li lived up to expectations and made a preface to Caotang Collection. Li Bai fell ill in the first year of Guangde and died when he was endowed with "Lu Linge". At that time, he was 63 years old, and a generation of immortals died forever. ..