Learning objectives:
1. Analyze the third and fourth parts of the text, accumulate key words and translate key sentences.
2. Learn the writing skills of expressing characters' characters in sharp and complicated conflicts through their language, movements, expressions and demeanor.
3. Understand the ideological content and learn to correctly and correctly evaluate Jing Ke's stabbing of Qin Wang from the viewpoint of historical materialism.
Learning difficulties:
Goal 2
Guidance of learning methods: reading, discussing and comparing.
Knowledge link:
The content of the Warring States Policy mainly records the political opinions and intrigues of military strategists of various countries during the Warring States Period when they lobbied for princes or debated, and also records the behaviors of some heroic heroes who were not afraid of strong defense and were brave in struggle.
When describing historical events, the author of Warring States Policy exaggerated the role of counselors and military strategists, and sometimes fabricated some plots to highlight the decisive role of lobbyists in historical events, which inevitably violated the historical truth.
The Warring States Policy is good at discussing and narrating, and its writing is fluent and vivid, which occupies an important position in the history of China's prose.
Learning process:
1. Read the third and fourth parts and complete the following questions.
1. Explain and add some words.
A holds a thousand dollars () B takes orders from () C. Under the guise of () D. Langzhong () E or so () F 6
2. Translate key sentences (learn to know: pay attention to the implementation of key words and complete omitted components)
(1) May the whole country be a minister and a vassal, pay tribute to the county, and guard the ancestral temple of the late king.
(2) It's a royal costume, with nine guests, to see the Yan emissary Xianyang Palace.
(3) Things failed because of this, but if you want to rob with your life, you must have a contract to report to the prince.
3. Paragraph analysis, thinking
① Summarize the plot of "Listening to Wang Qin" in the climax part with four subheadings.
(2) How do you know that Jing Ke and Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin?
Second, the class summary
Third, draw lessons from the writing methods.
A prominent feature of this article in writing is to express the characters in sharp and complicated conflicts through their language, actions, expressions and demeanor. Please give an example.
Fourth, learning against five, in-class testing
1. The following sentences do not contain interchangeable words ().
A. People who leave today don't look back, stand up straight!
The king of Qin returned the stone pillar and left.
C Jing Ke sent a letter from Fan.
D. Yan Wang really inspires the power of the king.
E. biased and awkward.
F. Ministers were shocked, and one by one they lost their degrees.
G. the king of Qin must say he wants to see the minister.
2. Find out the words with different meanings in ancient and modern times from the following sentences and write down their different meanings in ancient and modern times.
A. cry on your face. B. holding thousands of dollars.
C. General Fan returned to Dan with no money. Ting nai led his dagger to the king of Qin.
3. In the following sentences, the group with the same braille usage is ().
(1) is then the first of the holy fan, sealing (2) and the first before.
(3) is the royal dress, nine guests (4) hectares of hair, the prince was late.
(5) make the smell of the king (6) qi ju scold yue
⑦ If you don't believe in this trip, Qin is not amiable, and it's all for nothing.
A.①②③ B. ④⑤⑦ C. ②③⑧ D. ①⑥⑧
4. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1). May Wang borrow less () (2). Self-citation, never sleeve ().
(3) The king of Qin returned the pillar and left () (4). But the pawn is urgent ().
5. Explain the meaning of adding function words and point out their usage.
(1). Qin Wuyang sent a picture letter, followed by () (2). May the king borrow less so that you can borrow before ().
(3). Because the left hand holds the sleeve of the king of Qin () (4). Suddenly, I lost my mind ()
Verb (abbreviation of verb) expansion and extension
1. There have been different opinions on Jing Ke. In Strange Tales of the Six Dynasties, Su Xun thinks that Jing Ke's behavior is "the beginning of disaster" and Zhu thinks that Jing Ke is "the brave". There are also many people who praise him. For example, Zuo Si's "Jing Ke Fu" praised him for "being different from the world even though there was no strong man", "being a bitch is very important", while Tao Yuanming said that he "lost his life for thousands of years." Let's take a look at the poems of Liu Zongyuan and Tao Yuanming, and see what their comments on Jing Ke are, and what is the difference between them and Jing Ke stabbing the king of Qin.
Yongjingke
liu zongyuan
The state of Qin is at war in the state of Qin, and Yan Taizi Dan is very worried about this disease. Fan decided to use his head as a token of Qin's short-term strategy, and let Jing Ke go to Qin with a dagger. The annual gift and Jing Ke's support coincided with the slaughter of people, and the military situation was very critical.
Deep resentment stirred up resentment and gave the head a blow. Jing Qingyuan opened his eyes and said goodbye to Jingshiyan angrily. A sad song in the north wind, Xiao Shui bid farewell to the scene, and a song of wine offered a whip to the world. The sealed fan box was sent to the old enemy Qin Wang, and the map of Yan State was opened in front of him and came to the land of Yan State.
Suddenly the lightning flashed, and the poor dagger saw it clearly, but the person holding the dagger was not an expert, and he was in a panic. How sharp he was when he started to act, but now he hesitates. Suddenly, like a rainbow across the sun, it came and went in a hurry, but it came from the killing.
The king of Qin drew his sword and flew into a rage, and his voice rose like thunder. Yan Wang of Yan, in order to please the head of the king of Qin, was still chased and ran without shelter. Qin Bing was razed to the ground to eliminate pro-family, and Yan and Yan State in government offices were burned.
Started to act, hoping to eliminate the disaster, but finally touched the box of disaster. The annexation of the king of Qin was based on Zha Li, which was different from the merger. How can we imitate the story of the brave man who robbed Qi Huangong? This is called foolhardy and stupid.
The historical events in the world are flawed, and Tai Shigong has always sighed from the beginning of the Qin Dynasty.
Yongjingke
Tao Yuanming
Yan Dan is a good teacher and aims to win prizes. Gather one hundred husbands and get Jing Qing at the end of the year. A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and a sword comes out of Yanjing.
Suu Kyi's reputation is wide and strange, and she gave it to me generously. The hero is not afraid of danger and grabs the long tassel. Drinking water is easy, four rows of heroes.
Gradually away from this sad building, Yi Song sang loudly. Sadly, the wind is gone, and the cold wave is born. The business sound is more flowing, and the feather plays a strong man.
I know that I will never return, and I will leave a name for future generations. When did you get on the bus and fly into the Qin Dynasty's "Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin" tutorial case (2) Reference answer
1. Read the third and fourth parts and complete the following questions.
1. Explain and add some words.
Self proofreading
A presents B puts on the royal costume C forbearance, forgives D palace guards E the guards around the emperor.
F succeeded in G's "sudden", and suddenly H's "ring" and "shock" were around me, and I was afraid.
J and K looked back at the steps in front of L Temple, M, and N let go of O and got up.
P fell, Q rose, R was forced/injured by S and coerced (it made a covenant).
2. Translate key sentences (learn to know: pay attention to the implementation of key words and complete omitted components)
Self proofreading
I am willing to be a national subject of Qin, ranking among the princes (meaning: Yan is willing to respect the king of Qin as the son of heaven with other princes), pay taxes like counties and counties of Qin, and guard the ancestral temple.
(2) So he put on the clothes of the imperial court, arranged a grand gift for nine guests, and met the envoys of Yan State in Xianyang Palace.
(3) things didn't succeed, just to hijack you alive, so you must get the contract to repay the prince!
3. Paragraph analysis, thinking
① Summarize the plot of "Listening to Wang Qin" in the climax part with four subheadings.
The plot of the reference answer is summarized as follows: I am deeply blessed-I am desperate to see-leaning against the post and laughing at me.
(2) How do you know that Jing Ke and Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin?
Reference answer:
Jing Ke had a chivalrous character and was greatly influenced by Taizi Dan. He knew that entering Qin was extremely dangerous, but he still resolutely went until his defeat, but he still "laughed against the bar, laughed and scolded." Jing Ke's stabbing of the king of Qin could not really save the state of Yan from peril, and Jing Ke also resolutely went to repay the kindness of Taizi Dan to meet him. Jing Ke deserves recognition, not because Taizi Dan reported personal grievances, but because he stood in the forefront of the struggle, opposed Qin's attack on the six eastern countries, and saved Yan's peril.
For thousands of years, the oppressed people only worshipped Jing Ke, which was based on his chivalrous spirit of sympathizing with the weak and resisting the package of the strong. Of course, this also reveals the factor that "a scholar dies for his bosom friend", which is not only the limitation of Jing Ke himself, but also the limitation of the author. Judging from Jing Ke's practice of stabbing the king of Qin, this kind of personal terror is not desirable, and it is even more impossible to change the historical process with personal struggle, which reflects the limitations of history and class.
Second, the class summary
This article, with carefully rehearsed and vivid words, shaped the image of Jing Ke, an ancient chivalrous man who dared to help the poor, helped the weak and resisted the strong, had both wisdom and courage, and died. Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin, but it couldn't really save the peril of Yan State. Jing Ke has been admired by the oppressed people for thousands of years because he stood in the forefront of the struggle against Qin's attack on six Shandong countries and saved Yan from peril. This paper reveals the sharp contradiction and fierce struggle between the weak Yan State and the powerful Qin State, and reflects the merger and anti-merger struggle between Qin Yan in the Warring States Period from one side.
Third, draw lessons from the writing methods.
A prominent feature of this article in writing is to express the characters in sharp and complicated conflicts through their language, actions, expressions and demeanor. Please give an example.
Reference answer 1. The prince said, "General Fan came to Dan because of poverty, but Dan couldn't bear to hurt the old man with his own selfish interests. I want to care more about it. " In short, the kindness of Taizi Dan can be seen.
2. In a conversation between Jing Ke and Fan, Jing Ke moved with emotion, understood with reason, understood with strategy, and was wise and courageous; Fan pain into the bone marrow, gnashing her teeth, revenge, beyond words. Fan's expression of "looking up to heaven and crying", "being partial and regretting" and "committing suicide" make his language vivid.
3. "Jing Ke wants to keep pace with the world. People live in the future and stay. " It seems that "everything is ready", but Jing Ke's delay is also an act. Jing Ke scolded the prince for being late, but no one named his beauty. It was not until "Your Majesty" and "Qin Wuyang changed color and was afraid" that I understood why Jing Ke "stayed". This is to realize Jing Ke's character through behavior.
4. To Your Majesty, Qin Wuyang became pale and frightened, and all his ministers were surprised. Jing Ke laughed at Wuyang, and Xie Yue was the former. "I've never seen the son of heaven, so I'm shocked. I hope your majesty will borrow less and be better. " The look of "fear of color change" shows Qin Wuyang's youth and timidity; The expression of "strange minister" shows that Jing Ke and his party are suspicious. Jing Ke saved the day with a "Gu", a "Smile" and a "Xie".
5. The embarrassment of Qin Wang's "returning the pillar" and the cruelty of attacking Jing Ke with his sword show that Qin Wang is a tyrant who bullies the weak.
6. Jing Ke's left hand still "leads his dagger to mention the king of Qin"; Although he was "attacked by eight people" and "refused to be governor", he also "laughed against the pillar and stood on his back to scold". Through Jing Ke's actions and language, he created a great hero.
Qiang Qin is weak, with sharp contradictions and complicated struggles. The author puts the characters in this contradictory struggle and expresses their character through their own activities.
V. In-class test
Analysis of 1 C and e: a. reverse → return; B. also → ring; D. vibration → earthquake; F. pawn → sudden; G. Say → Yue
2. A. Tears: B. Money: C. Poverty: D. Mention:
C analysis: all nouns are verbs.
have no way out ...
Analysis: accumulating classical Chinese keywords
5.① Take: according to, as a preposition ② He, as a pronoun; Y: Yes, as a preposition.
③ Reason: So, make a conjunction; Qualitative: de, as an auxiliary word (4) Qi: de, as a pronoun.
Analysis: Accumulate the definition of key function words, for example.
Sixth, in-class testing.
1. There have been different opinions on Jing Ke. In Strange Tales of the Six Dynasties, Su Xun thinks that Jing Ke's behavior is "the beginning of disaster" and Zhu thinks that Jing Ke is "the brave". There are also many people who praise him. For example, Zuo Si's "Jing Ke Fu" praised him for "being different from the world even though there was no strong man", "being a bitch is very important", while Tao Yuanming said that he "lost his life for thousands of years." Let's take a look at the poems of Liu Zongyuan and Tao Yuanming, and see what their comments on Jing Ke are, and what is the difference between them and Jing Ke stabbing the king of Qin.
Yongjingke
liu zongyuan
The state of Qin is at war in the state of Qin, and Yan Taizi Dan is very worried about this disease. Fan decided to use his head as a token of Qin's short-term strategy, and let Jing Ke go to Qin with a dagger. The annual gift and Jing Ke's support coincided with the slaughter of people, and the military situation was very critical. Deep resentment stirred up resentment and gave the head a blow. Jing Qingyuan opened his eyes and said goodbye to Jingshiyan angrily. A sad song in the north wind, Xiao Shui bid farewell to the scene, and a song of wine offered a whip to the world. The sealed fan box was sent to the old enemy Qin Wang, and the map of Yan State was opened in front of him and went to the land of Yan State. Suddenly the lightning flashed, and the poor dagger saw it clearly, but the person holding the dagger was not an expert, and he was in a panic. How sharp he was when he started to act, but now he hesitates. Suddenly, like a rainbow across the sun, it came and went in a hurry, but it came from the killing. The king of Qin drew his sword and flew into a rage, and his voice rose like thunder. Yan Wang of Yan, in order to please the head of the king of Qin, was still chased and ran without shelter. Qin Bing was razed to the ground to eliminate pro-family, and Yan and Yan State in government offices were burned. Started to act, hoping to eliminate the disaster, but finally touched the box of disaster. The annexation of the king of Qin was based on Zha Li, which was different from the merger. How can we imitate the story of the brave man who robbed Qi Huangong? This is called foolhardy and stupid. The historical events in the world are flawed, and Tai Shigong has always sighed from the beginning of the Qin Dynasty.
Yongjingke
Tao Yuanming
Yan Dan is a good teacher and aims to win prizes. Gather one hundred husbands and get Jing Qing at the end of the year. A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and a sword comes out of Yanjing. Suu Kyi's reputation is wide and strange, and she gave it to me generously. The hero is not afraid of danger and grabs the long tassel. Drinking water is easy, four rows of heroes. Gradually away from this sad building, Yi Song sang loudly. Sadly, the wind is gone, and the cold wave is born. The business sound is more flowing, and the feather plays a strong man. I know that I will never return, and I will leave a name for future generations. When to board the bus and fly into the Qinyuan. Sharp, the more Wan Li, winding over thousands of cities. The poor thing came from the map, and the owner was shocked. I'm sorry that my swordsmanship is poor and I can't do much! Although I am dead, I have a lingering feeling for thousands of years.
Reference answer:
Liu Zongyuan's view of poetry;
Liu Zongyuan, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, has a relatively new concept. He clearly pointed out that Jing Ke was a poor assassin. Liu Zongyuan wrote in the poem "Ode to Jing Ke": "If Yan and Qin don't stand, you will be in danger. Fan decided to use his head as a token of Qin's short-term strategy, and let Jing Ke go to Qin with a dagger. The annual gift and Jing Ke's support coincided with the slaughter of people, and the military situation was very critical. Deep resentment stirred up resentment and gave the head a blow. Jing Qingyuan opened his eyes and said goodbye to Jingshiyan angrily. ..... How sharp the ending is, this matter is actually embarrassing. " It is clearly pointed out in the poem that stabbing Qin is a "short plan" and has no merit; In order to buy an assassin, it often costs a lot of money, but it may not be successful in the end. What he said is well founded. According to the records in Biography of the Assassin in Historical Records and the description in the historical novel The Prince of Yan, the capital spent by the prince to buy Jing Ke was very large and ended in failure. "Brave and stupid" is a good conclusion.
Tao Yuanming's view of poetry;
There are not many poems like Liu Zongyuan who deny Jing Ke, but they always affirm assassins to express the poet's protest against tyranny, such as Tao Yuanming's ode to Jing Ke. Tao Yuanming's poems were written after Jin and Song Yi. The poet eulogized Jing Ke's feat of stabbing the king of Qin with great enthusiasm, and expressed his indignation at the dark politics with regret that he failed to accomplish his wonderful work. According to the incident, the poem describes several scenes such as going out of Beijing, drinking, boarding a boat, fighting, etc., paying special attention to the portrayal of characters' movements, and shaping a heroic image of eliminating violence with righteousness. Pen and ink dripping, generous and tragic, is another feature of Tao's poems known for their dullness.
Summary: Liu Shi and Shi Tao can be said to have their own words, their own words, their own psychology and their own beauty. But in comparison, Liu Shi is closer to today's point of view.