1. The examination notes the requirements for poetry appreciation: 1. A preliminary appreciation of the image, language and expressive skills of poetry II. Comment on the ideological content of poetry and the author's emotional attitude Note: The so-called preliminary appreciation refers to the general appreciation of the characteristics of the work itself, and does not quote classics or compare works outside the paper.
Images in image poetry often refer to the scenery and characters in the poem, and images often imply the author's feelings. Accurate analysis of images means that we should be able to analyze the characteristics of scenery and characters in poetry.
To analyze the scenery characteristics of poetry, we should first make clear the atmosphere characteristics reflected by the scenery objects and scenery combinations written by the poet, then analyze their mutual relationship and emotional effects, and also analyze the writing methods of scenery.
Character image: a, the poet image "I" in poetry generally refers to the lyric hero, that is, the poet himself; B, other characters in the work.
The carrier of the poet's emotion. Image is something that moves the author's feelings in poetry.
The language of ancient poetry is the most concise, and one sentence can vividly describe the characteristics of things and profoundly reflect the ideological content. Appreciation should be based on the theme of the whole poem, and be carefully pondered and scrutinized from different aspects such as diction and rhetoric, so as to understand the author's skills of refining words and meanings. Secondly, we should learn how to infer the meaning of words according to the context, paying special attention to the differences between ancient and modern meanings and the flexible use of parts of speech.
Expression skills 1. Master rhetorical methods (metaphor, analogy, metonymy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, rhetorical questions, etc. ) 2. Master the expression method (pay attention to description and lyricism). Description includes dynamic and static combination, virtual and real combination, front and line drawing details. Lyrics include expressing one's mind directly, expressing one's feelings through scenery and expressing one's will through supports. 3. Master other expression techniques (comparison, reference, setting off, rendering, pun, bedding, cadence, association, imagination, etc. )
Ideological and emotional ideological mainly refer to the conception of poetry; The ancients said: Poetry expresses ambition. "ambition" refers to ambition, obligation, desire, feelings and so on. Generally speaking, Tang poetry attaches importance to emotion, while Song poetry attaches importance to reason. Evaluating ideological content is to understand the life content expressed by poetry, grasp its emotional tone, analyze its social significance, accurately reveal its deep connotation, and rationally analyze and evaluate it; The complex emotions revealed in ancient poetry can be objectively and concretely analyzed and evaluated from a certain height.
Second, the type of poetry topic and the method of answering questions The first one: the wonderful sentence contains the steps of answering: ① Describe the scene displayed by the poem. (Pay attention to the position of the poem) ② Make clear the expression skills used in this sentence. (3) Clarify the function of this sentence in the structure of the poem, or express the artistic conception, or express what kind of feelings. (4) At the end of the comparative topic, the words "This sentence is more * * * * than the other sentence" should be added. The second type: analysis of artistic conception type 1 Question: What artistic conception did this poem create? Question variant: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express? 3 solution analysis: this is one of the most common problems. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions. Steps for answering questions: ① Describe the picture shown in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination, and the language should be beautiful. ② Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as lonely and cold, quiet and beautiful, vigorous and magnificent, bleak and desolate, etc. , and should pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery. ③ Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why. The third type: analytical skill type 1 question method: what kind of expression is used in this poem? Question variation: Please analyze the expressive technique (or artistic technique, or technique) of this poem. How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect? 3 solution analysis: expression is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, you must be familiar with some common expressions. Expression techniques can be divided into three categories: lyric techniques, descriptive techniques and rhetorical techniques. There are two kinds of lyric techniques: direct expression and indirect lyric. "Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking and high-ranking people whose sincere faces will never be seen?" Is to express one's thoughts directly. Indirect lyricism is divided into borrowing scenery to express emotion; Expressing one's will by holding objects, such as Mo Mei and Yin, are generally poems about objects; Descriptive techniques mainly include: (1) contrast, positive contrast and negative contrast. (2) It is also called the combination of reality and reality, such as "wild flowers are rare, and green grass sees skirts". (3) comparison. (4) draw a line. For example, "if you plant a millet in spring, you will reap 10 thousand seeds in autumn." There is no idle field in the field, and farmers starve to death. "
Rhetorical devices that often appear in ancient poems: (1) metaphor. (2) personification. (3) exaggeration. 4 pun. (5) allusions. For example, "a strong business woman doesn't know how to hate her country, but still sings" backyard flowers "across the river." In addition, there are rhetorical questions, rhetorical questions, irony and so on. Answer steps: (1) Point out exactly what technique was used. (2) Explain why this technique is combined with poetry. (3) How can this technique effectively convey the poet's feelings? Example 1:
The fourth type: analysis of language features 1 Question: What is the language feature of this poem? Question variant: Please analyze the language style of this poem. On the language art of this poem. 3 solution analysis: this kind of question does not need to try to figure out the clever use of individual words, but to taste the language style of the whole poem. Words that can be used to answer questions generally include: fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous and gorgeous, clear and fluent, multi-spoken, euphemistic and implicit, bold and unrestrained, graceful and graceful in style, concise and vivid ... Answer steps: (1) Accurately point out the language features with one or two words. (2) Analyze this feature with relevant sentences in the poem. (3) Point out how the author's feelings are expressed.