Modern educational psychology shows that only by letting students constantly participate in experience and activities in learning can students achieve the best learning state. The physical and mental characteristics of children in primary school are that they like to express themselves, are lively and active, and show strong interest in the unknown. Judging from the task of music rhythm teaching in primary school music textbooks, its performance is simple rhythm structure, life-oriented, common sense, situational and rhythmic.
Therefore, the training of rhythm in primary school music teaching should fully grasp these physical and mental characteristics of primary school students, fully analyze music textbooks, understand the characteristics and tasks of rhythm teaching in primary school music textbooks, combine rhythm with life scenes, let students connect with life reality as much as possible in class, and make theoretical rhythm knowledge very vivid and vivid.
For example, teachers can take students to play rhythm games, mobilize students to actively participate through rhythmic body movements, and satisfy the characteristics of students' liveliness, self-expression and fun, so as to achieve the purpose of training students' music rhythm.
For example, teachers can use Orff's teaching method to divide several students into a group and let them swing with the rhythm, or clap their hands and stamp their feet.
You can also arrange students in a row or circle, stretch your hands and step forward and backward. For another example, divide the class into six groups and play the hour hand, minute hand and second hand respectively to simulate the speed of the clock and feel the rhythm. Teachers can also create some rhythms and students can imitate them through body language according to the rhythms. Even if students play some impromptu rhythms themselves and other students imitate performances, it can effectively strengthen the rhythm training of primary school students.
Second, the use of poetry recitation training rhythm
Poetry is not only beautiful in words and expressions, but also full of affection, which can also make people have a rich imagination. The recitation of poetry itself must grasp a certain rhythm, so the rhythm training in primary school music can also use the method of reciting poetry. Teachers can find some poems that students are familiar with, and read them affectionately or together to enhance students' sensibility to songs.
It should be noted that when reading poems aloud, teachers can let students beat the rhythm with their hands along with the rhythm of reading aloud, so that students can feel the rhythm more vividly and intuitively.
For example:
When students read their familiar poems aloud, they not only strengthen the image grasp of rhythm, but also improve their interest in learning music and cultivate good coordination ability.
Third, imitate the rhythm of life scene training.
Create music from students' real life, draw materials from it, and take natural sounds, phenomena, scenes, etc. As an inspiration element, rhythm is integrated into life through teachers' improvisation, and the elements of life are integrated into rhythm teaching, so that students can understand and master rhythm vividly. By imitating the rhythm training of life scenes, students can learn rhythm with a relaxed mind. Integrating life scenes into rhythm teaching can not only fully arouse students' enthusiasm for learning rhythm, but also help students learn to master rhythm knowledge intuitively and deepen their memory and understanding of rhythm. For example, when teaching students how to recognize notes, students can first find out the walking posture of some animals in life, and then visualize the notes according to the rhythm of the animals' walking. Guide students to imitate the rooster to walk "click, click, click, click" and the pony to run "click, click, click, click". Then the teacher plays with instrumental music according to the beat imitated by the students. Teachers can also constantly dig out the different rhythms of long and short sounds from life and guide students to read and shoot with familiar onomatopoeia.
For example:
(1) ×× |× | | Pronunciation: playing drums (imitating heartbeat)
(2)×× Pronunciation: Tick (imitating the sound of the second hand walking)
(3)××× Pronunciation: knocking (imitating knocking at the door)
Fourth, use various musical instruments to train the rhythm.
To train rhythm with musical instruments, students should first understand musical instruments, their general characteristics and how to use them. In class, let several students take different musical instruments, let one student imitate or improvise the rhythm, and then different students play with instrumental music. Or students play a set of rhythms with instrumental music, and then other students beat them with their hands. Or, some students recite poems and some students dub them with instrumental music. In order to enliven the classroom atmosphere, we can improvise the sound length and change the rhythm with the same instrumental music, and then students can imitate it on the spot. You can also use instrumental music, combined with life scenes, teachers play music composed of different notes, and then students simulate the sounds or actions of various animals according to the music, which not only enlivens the atmosphere, but also mobilizes the enthusiasm of students, improves their ability to reflect actions, and more importantly, receives good learning results.
In short, in teaching, teachers should adopt flexible and diverse teaching methods according to children's psychological characteristics, turn the theory and professional knowledge of music rhythm into life-oriented, interesting and visual forms, show pure knowledge through performances, imitations, games and other forms, and show static knowledge with "dynamic" things, so that students can learn in games and in a relaxed environment. Only by mobilizing students to participate, feel the rhythm, learn the rhythm and create the rhythm in various activity games can we learn the rhythm well, lay a good foundation for the rhythm, improve students' perception and creativity in music, enrich their imagination and stimulate students' interest in learning music.