Russia attaches great importance to the development of cultural undertakings, publishing a large number of books and newspapers, and establishing many mass cultural facilities such as libraries, museums, cultural centers and clubs. Russia also attaches great importance to the protection of museum treasures and historical buildings, and has expanded and built many museums. Russian museums can be divided into revolutionary history museums, history museums, art museums, professional museums and other museums according to their specialties. Famous large-scale revolutionary history museums include Russian Central Revolutionary Museum, National History Museum, Kremlin Museum, Central naval museum, etc. The larger art museum has Koletiyakov National Painting Exhibition Hall in Moscow. Russian literature has a long history and enjoys a high reputation in the world. Pushkin, lermontov, Nikolai Gogol, belinsky, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Chekhov, Gorky, sholokhov and other world-renowned great writers and writers emerged. Russian art has a long history and painting has a long history. Famous artists include Levitan Lie Bin, Surikov and Kramskoi. Russian religious music and folk music have a profound historical tradition. Opera, symphony and chamber music have distinct national temperament and are heroic. Russian drama art has various genres and forms, which first appeared in the court, and entered a prosperous period in the19th century. Nikolai Nikolai Gogol's social dramas, such as An Imperial Envoy, are full of rich flavor of the times, with distinctive national characteristics, and many outstanding artists have emerged. Yani Ostrovschi is the most outstanding representative (19) among many drama writers in Russian literature after 1950s, and is called "the father of Russian drama". Russian circus is also very popular in Russia. Circus members are well trained and skilled. Russians have excellent folk arts, and practical decorative arts include the artistic processing of metals, animal bones and stones, wood carving, wood carving murals, embroidery, patterned textiles, lace weaving and so on. The most famous handicrafts are wooden dolls, wooden spoons, wooden boxes, wooden plates and other wooden products. )
In short, Russian culture has the following characteristics: neutrality, compatibility, polarization and diversity. The reason is Russia's unique geographical conditions and history. Let this Eurasian giant become a mixture of Chinese and western cultures. It has become a serious western East, the East in the eyes of the West.
Speaking of Russian culture, it is a continuous process, with a history of about 1000 years. It has to go through the Russian imperial era, from Kiev Ross to Russia's unified country, from Soviet Russia to Russia now. Russia spans Asia and Europe. Due to its special geographical location and the relatively late-developing ethnic groups in Eurasia, Russia is influenced by cultures from many directions, which also makes it often face difficult cultural choices. The long-standing existence of the concept of East and West poses a difficult problem for Russia, which occupies two continents of Asia and Europe: does Russian culture belong to the East or the West? Here Russia is like a huge cultural pendulum, constantly swinging back and forth between eastern and western cultures. Therefore, the characteristics of "intersexuality" and "compatibility" of Russian culture have been formed. Historically, in terms of Russia's development since17th century, Peter the Great relentlessly westernized and gradually made the country strong through reform. After the reform of Peter the Great,19-20th century Russia shaped the most dazzling culture in human history. In this historical period, the national spiritual life has developed so rapidly, and the aesthetic values newly forged by young civilization even surpassed the ancient European culture in some aspects, laying the foundation for Russia's position among European nations. From the end of the Romanov Dynasty of Western European descent to the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia had an aggressive and powerful military force. It became a consciousness that Russian leaders described their motherland as representing the interests of all social strata and being the solid backing of global capitalism. In Russian national character, there are also genes of different cultures. The double-headed eagle on the Russian national emblem seems to constitute a meaningful symbol of Russian national character and culture. The unique duality of Russian national character: they not only have national concept, advocate absolutism, but also long for freedom and anarchy; They advocate violence, sometimes bordering on cruelty, but they are kind and gentle, not without humanity; They abide by the canon and doctrine, but they always keep looking for the truth; Their souls are saturated with individualism and strong personal consciousness, but they are also full of individualistic collectivism. Almost every Russian thinker has mentioned the polarity and contradiction of Russian national character. The collision of two historical trends in the East and the West and the integration and function of Eurasian civilization are the reasons for the contradiction and polarization of Russian nationality. In Russian life, Russian science and education show the rational spirit of western tradition, while in the field of religion, literature and art, it shows the tendency of mysticism and perceptual supremacy, which is regarded as oriental characteristics.