Cao Zhi's poetry appreciation is generally divided into Jian 'an and Jian 'an periods. Cao Zhi in the early stage was in his prime, outstanding in talent and deeply loved by his father. Cao Cao is "particularly fond of" this son and "answers every question". Therefore, Cao Zhi lived a rich and carefree life during this period, and his poems were full of young people's ambitions and arrogance, represented by white horses. Originally, Cao Zhi, with his outstanding talent and ability, is likely to inherit his father's footsteps and become king. It's a pity that he "acted willfully, didn't encourage himself, and drank excessively", which finally gradually made Cao Cao lose confidence in him. On the contrary, Cao Zhi's half-brother, Cao Pi, is self-respecting. Although his talent and talent are slightly inferior to his younger brother, Cao Cao considered that "Emperor Wen used his skills, was pretentious and boastful, and was around the imperial court, so he was designated as an heir" (The History of the Three Kingdoms). The death of Cao Cao is the end of a generation and a turning point in Cao Zhi's life. After Cao Pi succeeded to the throne, he was very wary of this younger brother who was once the heir to the quasi-throne. He not only kept Cao Zhi out of the capital and away from the center of political power, but even set up a "state prison" to prevent his brother from plotting evil and threatening his position. "Seven Steps Poetry" is familiar to people: "Boil beans and burn a laundry list, and the beans weep in the kettle. We are born from the same root, what's the hurry? " , is a poem written by Cao Zhi under the stress of xelloss, lamenting the cannibalism of flesh and blood. The true origin of this poem is not elegant, and there are different versions circulating. The possibility that it was written by Cao Zhi is also very low. However, judging from this poem, the Cao Pi brothers are really fighting with each other. Cao Zhi is full of ambition and nowhere to display, but his brothers and sisters are wary of themselves everywhere, which does not prohibit Cao Zhi from being disheartened. Because of being suppressed and monitored, his later poems are often sentimental, sad and sad, and comparing himself with his wife is one of the characteristics of his poems. In addition to this poem "Seven Sorrow", other poems such as "Duckweed" and "Miscellaneous Poems" all use the image of a dissatisfied woman. The application of the image of dissatisfied wife can be traced back to The Book of Songs. There are two female images in The Book of Songs. One is a gentle and graceful beauty like Guan Luo. The other is the abandoned wife in reality, such as Meng. When it comes to Chu Ci, women are often a beautiful symbol, which is used to refer to a beautiful figure or a metaphor for a monarch. Since then, in Nineteen Ancient Poems, unhappy female images have been widely used, such as Walking and Walking, Grass on the Green Edge, etc., but most of them are realistic. However, during the Jian 'an period, the female images in poems were not only the true images of abandoned wives, but also metaphors used as satire. Use the metaphor of the abandoned wife in Cao Zhi's Seven Sorrow. Cao Zhi has always had political ambitions and expected to make great achievements. In his book with Yang Dezu, he said: "Although I am a noble and a vassal, I have to serve the country faithfully, benefit the people, make contributions and make a lasting legacy. Do you think calligraphy is a merit and a gentleman? " This ideal of serving the country is not only Cao Zhi's personal ambition, but also a reflection of the atmosphere of the whole era at that time. The Jian 'an period was turbulent, and Cao Cao's heroic talent and heroic momentum had a great influence on Jian 'an scholars at that time, which set off a wave of making contributions. Cao Zhi was deeply influenced by his father and the whole trend of the times, and longed for "making up the name of a strong man" and "dying in the national disaster" (). However, if the courtiers who hope for success and fame are not appreciated and appointed by the monarch, they will have no chance to display their talents and ambitions, and there is no way to realize their self-worth. This kind of relationship between monarch and minister is like a woman who relied on men wholeheartedly at that time. Once abandoned by her husband, she is an dissatisfied wife who loses the value and focus of life. Cao Zhi knew that fame and fortune were hopeless at this time, so he pinned his sorrow on the sorrow of a dissatisfied wife who shared his troubles. Liu Lv commented on "Seven Wounded Poems" and said: "Zijian and Wendi were originally the same mother's flesh and blood, but now they are ups and downs and don't kiss each other. Therefore, they use the solitary concubine as a metaphor, but they are deeply worried. " This sentence really sums up the content and idea of the poem "Seven Sorrow". Seven Sorrow, Ye Li's Notes on the Past and the Present says that people have seven emotions. Today, there is too much sadness, and there is no joy, anger, joy, sorrow, evil and desire. There is only one worry, so it is called seven worries. It can be said that it is very accurate and appropriate to explain the theme intention of the seven sorrows in this way. Worldly desires lost, only a sad. This kind of sadness pervades the whole, and now the difference between the seven emotions should be the same, highlighting the heaviness of sadness. Selected Works classifies this article as sorrow, and this poem is really shrouded in deep sorrow and pain. The first two sentences of "Seven Sorrow" use the method of lifting things to cheer up the spirit. In the tradition of China's poetry, the bright moon often plays a role in causing homesickness, such as Li Bai's "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, and then sinking back, I suddenly thought of home". Moonlight and moonlit nights often arouse the poet's endless thoughts and remind him of the people or things he cares about. Therefore, when the bright moon shines on the high-rise building, the clear moonlight gently shakes like swimming, standing on the high-rise building overlooking the distant thinking woman, bathed in moonlight, sighing with endless sadness. Cao Zhi then adopted the form of self-questioning and self-answering, which led to his bitter wife's light description of his bitter life experience and influenced Cao Zhi's feelings about his rough situation. From the bright moon stirring the heart to quoting the inner anguish, Cao Zhi writes smoothly and naturally, leaving no trace. No wonder she can be a "Jian 'an swan song". Answer supplement
Appreciation 2: This poem reveals the resentment of the poet after being hit by twists and turns in politics through the thoughts of a homesick woman and the roots of resentment against her husband. The poet compares himself to an "abandoned wife", compares his political exclusion to the unfortunate experience of his wife's abandonment, and compares his estrangement from Emperor Cao Pi to the divorce between his wife and her husband, which is "different from Yue Hu". The poet thinks that the two brothers are "ups and downs, but they are not close", and further compares their situation to "clearing the road dust" and "mud cement". "I am willing to be the southwest wind, and the deceased is like a husband", secretly voicing my thoughts on serving the country; And "I can't open my arms, what should I do?" expresses my indignation at Cao Pi's ruthlessness and reveals an infinite sense of sadness. The whole poem is written from thinking about women's sorrow everywhere, and every sentence implicitly contains the poet's suffering. Poetic and picturesque, implicit in conception, profound and graceful in brushwork, it really has the characteristics of "elegant emotion". The beginning and end of this poem are quite exquisite. The first sentence not only wrote the real scene, but also rendered the sad atmosphere, covering the whole poem. The bright moon shines on tall buildings, which is the most urgent time for lovesickness. The wandering moonlight evokes the sadness of missing women-images such as "bright moon", "tall building" and "missing women" created by Cao Zhi have been repeatedly used by later poets to express in my heart forever. At the end of the poem, the homesick woman's thoughts are like the fleeting breeze, "You can't open your heart". Where can she find her home? The last breeze and the first moonlight are isomorphic, forming a lonely and cold realm.