Reflective poems refer to the poet expressing his own opinions on something and expressing his feelings. Poetry is about emotions, and poems of any theme are created to express the author's emotions. As long as there is emotion in the heart that needs to be expressed, anything can trigger the poet's creative desire. The ancients often wrote poems with the title "Immediate Matter". They were inspired by a certain incident and expressed their inner feelings. They might be worried about the country and the people, or reflect chaos, or aspire to make achievements, or be frustrated in their career, or cherish someone in their boudoir, or sing the praises of rivers and mountains. . "Immediate" poems have a wide range of themes, and generally speaking there is no strict definition, such as nostalgia for relatives, homesickness, seeing off friends, rewards, life insights, leisure and fun, etc., which can all be collectively referred to as "immediate sentimental poems". It is often the poet's inspiration, and his skill occasionally comes to him, and he often has some famous sayings.
In middle school textbooks, we have been exposed to many works that express feelings about the situation, such as "About to Enter the Wine", "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Longbiao has this message", "Spring Night Rain", "Ascending", "Meet the Envoy to Beijing" "Rewarding Lotte and Seeing Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou", "Boarding at Qinhuai", "Ring in the Rain", "Ding Fengbo" (Su Shi), "Shu Anger", etc. all belong to this type of works. As college entrance examination appreciation materials, poems about emotions and nostalgia are also the most frequently selected. Therefore, candidates must clearly understand the characteristics of this type of poetry and master the appreciation methods.
When reading this kind of poetry, we must first understand what caused the poet to sigh, and more importantly, grasp what kind of emotion the poet expressed. Finally, we can appreciate and evaluate the beauty of writing and artistic techniques of the poetry.
When doing this type of question, you should pay attention to three points: first, you must know people and the world, and pay attention to the background; second, you must pay attention to the environment, scenery description or allusions used; third, you must stick closely to the text, Whether writing about things, people, objects, or scenes, they all ultimately serve feelings. When answering questions, you should be organized. Generally, you should summarize it first, then analyze the characteristics of the image in detail with the poem, and finally analyze the meaning of the thing. For example, what is described and what emotion or ideal pursuit the poet expresses.
1. Analysis of the main idea
Questioning method: What kind of thoughts and feelings does this poem express? What is the purpose of this poem?
Answering steps: The first step is to summarize the main content and what is written in this poem; the second step is to analyze what techniques are used in each part of the poem and what content is written respectively; the third step is to analyze What emotions does the poem express?
2. Analyze image and emotion
Start with the image in the poem, judge the theme of the poem, and infer the feelings expressed in the poem.
Question: What scene does this poem depict? What emotions does the author express?
Steps to answer the question: The first step is to describe the pictures or characters shown in the poem; the second step is to summarize the atmosphere created by the characters and scenery; the third step is to analyze the author’s thoughts, feelings and The role and significance of creating an atmosphere.
3. Analyze writing skills
It is necessary to focus on clarifying the expression effects of rhetorical techniques and descriptive techniques in poetry.
Questioning method: What expression techniques are used in this poem? (Or: Please analyze the expression skills of this poem? Or: How does the poet express his emotions? What is the effect?)
Answering steps: First, point out what technique was used; second The first step is to explain what kind of scene is written by this technique in conjunction with the poem; the third step is to analyze the expression effect, what features are highlighted, and what emotions are expressed.
4. Analysis of language characteristics
1. Overall grasp the language style of the entire poem.
Questioning method: What are the linguistic features (style) of this poem?
Answering steps: First, use one or two words to accurately point out the characteristics of the language; second, use relevant sentences in the poem to analyze this characteristic in detail; third, point out that these poems express the author's What thoughts and feelings.
2. Concretely analyze the characteristics of characters, words and sentences.
Questioning method: What is the good use of a certain word, phrase, or sentence in this poem?
Answering steps: The first step is to explain the meaning (explain the meaning of the word, phrase, and sentence in the poem); the second step is to describe the scene (put the word, phrase, and sentence into the original poem) Describe the scene); the third step is to point out the situation (point out what kind of artistic conception the word, phrase, or sentence highlights, or what kind of emotion it expresses).
1. Nostalgic poems
Imagery features: wild geese, moon, guest residence, festivals, Qiang flute, Guanshan, spring grass, etc. The objects of description are usually wanderers who have been wandering away from home for many years. The soldiers on the battlefield, the missing woman alone in her boudoir.
The main emotions expressed in nostalgic poems include: missing one’s family in one’s hometown; expressing one’s own sadness of being lonely and helpless; expressing one’s depressed feelings of letting time pass by in a foreign country, etc. .
2. Poems about times, sadness, and life encounters
Imagery characteristics: "Wind and rain", "Cloudy and sunny", "Sunset", "Falling flowers", "Flowing water", "Idle residence", "Fading temples" wait. The emotional characteristics of poems about times, sadness and life encounters are: the literati who encountered setbacks in their career express either the lamentation of how difficult life is and the misfortune of fate, or the sadness of unrecognized talents and unfulfilled ambitions, or the open-mindedness and magnanimity of the poems. Calm and open-minded.
3. Poems about meritorious service to the country
Image characteristics: Generally, there will be memories of the great achievements of ancient wise kings and heroes; there will also be poems about national disasters, treacherous ministers, and incompetent kings. Social reality; there are also related words such as war, people's livelihood, and the Northern Expedition.
Poems about making contributions to the country express the ambition to make achievements and stabilize the country, or the resentment and sorrow of having no way to serve the country and having unfulfilled ambitions.