The wording is very simple and clear. "Literally, it is very dull and useless. If a scholar says homely words to his friends, "but it is endless and meaningful."
2, simple and natural.
Emotionally, Nineteen Ancient Poems is pure and sincere, without affectation; In artistic expression, it seems that his writing and words are handy, and there is no wrong processing of golden eagle, but a natural poetic feeling like lotus.
3. Scene fusion.
The scenery, scenes and feelings described in Nineteen Ancient Poems are very consistent, and the artistic realm of scene blending is often formed through sketching, comparison and symbol.
4. The language is concise.
The language of Nineteen Ancient Poems is simple and natural, but it is extremely refined and accurate. Expressive and meaningful. In addition, Nineteen Ancient Poems often use reduplication, or depict scenery, or depict images, or describe scenes, which are vivid and vivid, and also increase the beauty of rhythm and rhythm of poetry.
Nineteen Ancient Poems is a five-character poem developed on the basis of Han folk songs in Han Dynasty. Most of the content is leaving sorrow, not hating frustration, negative thinking and depressed mood. However, his artistic achievements are very high, and he is good at expressing emotions, making good use of things to set off, embodying feelings in the scenery, and integrating the scenery into the environment.
Ideological content
This 19 poem is basically the words of a wandering woman. Specifically, the parting between husband and wife and friends, the hesitation and frustration of scholars and the impermanence of life are the basic emotional contents of Nineteen Ancient Poems. Some works show the idea of pursuing wealth and eating, drinking and having fun in time.
This passage points out that the emotion expressed in Nineteen Ancient Poems is an innate experience and feeling of human beings. For example, "Picking Hibiscus on the River" and "Studying in Japan" show the yearning for hometown and relatives; In the lingering dusk, the guests and Altair from afar show the deep yearning and sincere love for the wanderer; Show tourists' feelings about life and some thoughts about life: "Go back to the car and talk about it" and "The moon shines at night".
In a word, Nineteen Ancient Poems expresses the most basic and common feelings and thoughts in life, and it is "people feel the same way". Therefore, these poems can permanently impress people and last forever. At the same time, "Nineteen Ancient Poems" profoundly reproduces the disillusionment and degradation pursued by literati during the great social and ideological change in the late Han Dynasty, as well as the awakening and pain of the soul in an artistic way. Scholars call it "chasing ministers and abandoning friends, thinking about women and working for the people, caring for the situation, keeping up with the joneses, which is essentially a fable and sighing three times" (Alva Wang
There is another kind of works in Nineteen Ancient Poems, which more profoundly reflects the great pain of vagrant women's real life and spiritual life.
Many works of Nineteen Ancient Poems are written from the perspective of women. First of all, this is because in a patriarchal society, women can only pin their lives on love and marriage because of their own specific circumstances. Secondly, the narrow and closed living environment and spiritual world of ancient women made them endlessly chew and appreciate the suffering of lovesickness in loneliness, and their hospitality was profound and delicate, which was beyond men's reach. Women's rich emotions and keen tentacles communicate with all kinds of things in their living environment, which makes these things the most moving materialized form of women's psychology and provides rich images and artistic conception for the poet's creation.
At the end of the Han Dynasty, the literati had a realistic foundation for spiritual communication with the female world to a considerable extent. They not only expressed sincere understanding and sympathy, but also integrated into their own suffering and painful life experiences. This is the reason why Nineteen Ancient Poems describes the suffering of lovesickness from a female perspective, thus gaining universal and lasting artistic charm.
Nineteen Ancient Poems shows the social situation, spiritual life and personality temperament of scholars in an artistic way, thus revealing a side of social life in the late Han Dynasty, which has important cognitive significance.
The thought of governing the country in the early Han Dynasty was the study of Huang Lao. After Emperor Wu unified Confucianism, Huang Lao lost power. At the same time, it merged with Confucianism and gradually merged with Zhuangzi thought, forming a special style of social Taoism in Han Dynasty. Worry is a part of Laozi's thought. In Zhuangzi, this kind of psychology is highlighted. Under the influence of this social trend of thought, intellectuals strengthened their consciousness of life, and accordingly, they lamented the shortness of life and thought about death. The awakening of personal consciousness and the discovery of the value of life made the literati in Han Dynasty worried about the hasty passage of time, and then they were full of confusion and fear about death. They wanted to spend as much as possible on this limited life canvas to express their respect and desire for life, but the injustice in reality cannot be changed, and the value can only be realized by increasing the density of life. Eating, drinking and having fun in time is the derivative of this concept. Taoism pays attention to abstinence, but it also believes that people should obey their own humanity and desires. If their desires are not satisfied, they will stimulate people's inner emotional waves. "If you are less than a hundred years old, you will always be worried about chitose; The days are short and the nights are long. Why not travel by candlelight? How can I stay here in order to eat, drink and be merry in time? " "It is better to drink some wine and put on flowers and plants" and "Life is not a stone, how can we live longer?" The election suddenly came true, and honor was regarded as a treasure. "Life between heaven and earth suddenly becomes like a traveler." These frustrated poor people can only express their inner anguish in poverty and trouble with irony. This sense of tragedy in life is fundamentally due to the poet's strong sense of resistance in the face of strangulation of life value and dignity, and his inner indulgence is biting sadness. My concern for secular life and social affairs brought me back to my true personality, and Taoist thought awakened the poet's life consciousness under the oppression of the times. Poets began to redefine their life value and emotional orientation, and lyrical expression and personality finally brought literature to the road of destiny. Nineteen Ancient Poems is influenced by Taoist thought, emphasizing the free expression of emotions and pursuing a natural and simple style, because the avenue itself is unpretentious. Under the influence of this thought, the overall style of Nineteen Songs presents a simple and natural aesthetic feeling. There is a cynicism in Laozi and Zhuangzi's thoughts. Although Taoism advocates quietness, it also spares no effort to attack the dark social reality. Although Nineteen Ancient Poems is a lyrical work, the main reason for the poet's anger and sadness is the unfairness and irrationality of the ruling class and bureaucracy. In the Green Grave on the Cypress, the dignitaries of Wanluo are bound to each other, and the upper class is like a closed system, which is difficult for outsiders to enter. The former friend of the same school in The Moon and the Night Light also abandoned the poet because of his apprentice, and so on. All these have lashed the dark reality of society from the side and have certain social significance. Although the Han Dynasty adopted the ideological ruling policy of "respecting Confucianism alone", Taoist thought was always a part of its thoughts of the times, especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Confucian classics declined and Laozi and Zhuangzi returned, the influence on scholars gradually changed from recessive to dominant. Under the influence of the whole social trend of thought, the poor and frustrated literati have been disheartened and have no fighting spirit under the impact of reality, and turned to seek liberation from Taoist thought. Therefore, their poetry creation is bound to be influenced by this psychology. While returning to Taoism, the literati have been influenced by China's orthodox Confucianism, so their mentality presents a contradictory duality. However, it is precisely because the poet has Confucianism and Taoism in his mind, and the essence of China's two traditional cultures is displayed in his poems, which makes Nineteen Ancient Poems have such unique artistic charm.