According to legend, when he was about to be born, his mother Zheng dreamed of a giant and gave her a name: "Call this the world." Zheng expected that it would be a boy, and he would be called a talented person in the world in the future. But he gave birth to a daughter and Zheng was very unhappy. This Wan'er has a beautiful face, but she is better than her mother. She was smart since she was a child, full moon. Zheng put his hand in his arms and joked, "Can you weigh the world?" Wan'er responded accordingly. Later, Wan'er devoted himself to internal affairs, and evaluated the poems of various countries on behalf of the imperial court. Indeed, he "weighed all the scholars in the world".
Hongmeizhuang
Duan recorded in Youyang Miscellanies: "Today's flowers decorated with women's faces originated in Shangguan and were made to hide people's eyes and ears." Shangguan Zhao Rong is Shangguan Waner. Duan's son's (or nephew's) section of the road is described in detail in the "Beifu Military Records": "Tian Hou (Wu Zetian) asked (Shangguan Waner) to lie under the skirt and write down what he said. One day, when the Prime Minister was in charge, Zhao Rong sneaked a glance and fell asleep (Tang Gaozong). When he retired from North Korea, he was very angry. He took an armor knife and stuck it in his face. He is not allowed to pull it out. Zhao Rong's poem "Draw a Sword and Beg". After that, it was Hanako who covered up the traces. " This theory comes from Chen Zangqi's Notes on Materia Medica, which is contemporary with Shangguan Waner, so it is more credible. However, in later records, the reason why Wan'er was hanged is even more mysterious.
According to the ancient * * * Secret of Crane Control, Wu Zetian relied on Shangguan Waner as her confidant, and even when sharing a bed with Zhang Changzong, she did not shy away from her. Shangguan Waner is not allowed to move, and Zhang Changzong's beauty makes her feel like a deer. One day, Wan'er and Zhang Changzong joked privately. Wu Zetian saw it, took out a golden knife, inserted it in Shangguan Waner's front bun, and injured her left forehead. She glared and said, "If you come near me, you should be put to death." Thanks to Zhang Changzong kneeling for her, she was pardoned. Wan'er had a scar on his forehead, so he stabbed a red plum blossom on the scar to cover it up, but it was more charming. Ladies-in-waiting all feel beautiful. Some people secretly follow suit and paint rouge on their foreheads. Gradually, this kind of red plum makeup is produced in the palace.
There is also a saying that Shangguan Waner hated Wu Zetian Toy Boy for molesting him and closed the tunnel, which led to the destruction of Tang Ming, the symbol of imperial power. Wu Zhao was furious and wanted to kill it on the monkey. Before the execution in the palace, she changed her mind and gave Wan'er a chance to live, but she carved the word "imperial edict" on her forehead. In a word, these statements are not credible.
Wooden door temple poems
According to legend, Li Xian was banished to Shu Ren by his mother Wu Zetian and exiled to Bazhou, passing through Mumen (now Mumen Town, wangcang county, Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province). He used to bask in the scriptures with the abbot at the Wooden Gate Temple. There are more than 700 Buddha statues carved on the boulder, which is called "Suning Jingshi". He wrote the poem "Mingyun was demoted to Bazhou, took Liang with him, sunned the ancient temple to his mother's liking, and lamented that Long Yun would not meet". Later, Shangguan Waner went to Bazhou to visit Li Xian. When she came here, she heard that Li Xian was killed, so she built a pavilion on the "Sunbathing Stone" (unfortunately destroyed by the war) and wrote a poem "From Banan to Jingzhou" on the pavilion, remembering Li Xian: "The rice warehouse is green, the rice warehouse is green, and the sunset is like tears. Guateng flower cotton melon ebbs and flows, unlike when in the square lane. "
Hosta flower god
People's evaluation of gifted scholars' poems does not allow men with beards, and their merits and demerits are quite controversial. Some people praise his literary talent, some criticize him, some admire him highly, and some despise him. And her 27-year relationship with Wu Zetian has also made future generations talk about it. Shangguan Waner is recorded in the official history such as the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty and the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, but it shows that she flatters the powerful, manipulates politics and controls the negative events of the Chaogang. However, scholars of Shangguan Waner's contemporaries, such as Zhang Shuo and Wu Pingyi, spoke highly of him. Since modern times, he has been more and more admired by scholars. It is rare for Shangguan Waner to influence a generation of writing style as a woman. She not only advocated and inherited a generation of writing style with her achievements in poetry creation, but also became the symbol and leader of the literary world of Zhongzong through literary activities such as selecting talents and appointing talents and commenting on poetry and fu. It played an important role in the prosperity of the literary world at that time and the improvement of the artistic level of poetry.
Born into a noble family
Shangguan Waner is a descendant of Shangguan Jie, Shangguan 'an and Shangguan in the Western Han Dynasty. She is the granddaughter of Prime Minister Shangguan Yi, and her great-grandfather Shangguan Hong was the supervisor of Jiangdu Palace in Sui Dynasty. Her great-grandfather Shangguan Xianguan was the magistrate of Youzhou in the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
In 664 AD (the first year of Linde), Shangguan Yi was killed by Wu Zetian for drafting an imperial edict for the Emperor Gaozong to abolish Wu Zetian. The newborn Shangguan Waner and her mother Zheng Shitong were assigned to the court. During Ye Ting's slavery, under the careful training of her mother, Shangguan Waner was familiar with poetry books, not only able to recite poems and write articles, but also knowledgeable and intelligent.
The queen's favor
In 677 AD (the second year of Yifeng), Wu Zetian summoned Shangguan Waner, who was only fourteen years old, to give an examination on the spot. Shangguan Waner's words were written in an instant, without any points, and they were fluent in meaning, flowery in words and beautiful in language, which really seemed to be formed by rewelding. Wu Zetian saw the great joy and immediately ordered him to be exempted from his handmaiden status and put him in charge of the imperial edict of the palace.
The epitaph lists him as a thirteen-year-old gifted scholar, which may be a title given by Wu Zetian in order to get rid of the handmaiden status.
Later, Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor and ordered people with many hands to be called "housekeepers". Soon, Shangguan Waner was sentenced to death for violating her will, but Wu Zetian spared her literary talent and gave her Amnesty, which was just a slap in the face. In the future, Shangguan Waner served meticulously and catered to Qu Yi, which won the favor of Wu Zetian.
Since 696 (the first year of AD) (from Jinglong's "Wenguanji" and "Old Tang Book" as sacred calendar years), it has been given the power to handle the performance of Baihui and participate in government affairs.
Become Zhao Rong.
In 705 AD (the first year of Shenlong), ministers such as Zhang Jian, who supported the imperial clan of Li Tang, staged a Shenlong coup, and Wu Zetian was forced to abdicate. After the Dragon Coup, Tang Zhongzong was restored, and Shangguan Waner was responsible for drafting letters, which won the trust. She was also honored as Mrs. Zheng, her mother.
Shangguan Waner also had many contacts with Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle, and repeatedly persuaded Wei Ruyun to tell the story of Wu Zetian. Therefore, Wei Ruyun asked people all over the country to mourn the mother who was abandoned by her father for three years. He also asked people all over the world to be adults at the age of 23, to be exempted from labor in 59 years, and to adopt a new system to collect people's hearts. Li Xian agreed.
Shangguan Waner recommended Wu Sansi to Wei Ruyun and took Wu Sansi into the palace. Therefore, Li Xian began to discuss politics with Wu Sansi, while Zhang Jianzhi and others were restrained by Wu Sansi. Soon, Wu Sansi relied on the support of Queen Wei and Princess Anle to design and demote five kings, including Zhang Jianzhi, Huan, Jinghui, Yuan and Cui Xuanyong. Shangguan Waner had an affair with her, and she often praised Wu Shi and suppressed the royal family in imperial edicts, which made Prince Li Zhongjun very angry.
In July of 707 (the first year of Jinglong), Li Zhongjun and Li Duozuo, the general of Zuo Yulin, ordered more than 300 people to arise, killed Wu Sansi and Wu Chongxun in their mansion, and punished pro-Party 10 people. They also led troops to cut through the Su Zhangmen, knocking on the cabinet door and searching for Shangguan Waner. Shangguan Waner hurriedly fled to Li Xian and Wei Ruyun, and threatened: "The idea of Guanzi is to kill Shangguan Waner first, and then arrest the queen and your majesty in turn." Li Xian and a moment of great anger, took Shangguan Waner and Princess Anle to the Xuanwu Gate to avoid soldiers, and made General Liu of Right Feather Lin fly in front of Taiji Hall with more than 2,000 people, and stayed at home. Li Zhongjun was defeated and killed.
However, according to the epitaph, Shangguan Waner had remonstrated with Zhongzong four times and opposed the establishment of Princess Anle as the imperial concubine. From exposure, to resignation, to a haircut, she didn't get Tang Zhongzong's permission, and finally she remonstrated with her death. After drinking the poison, the doctor got emergency treatment to save his life.
Lead the style of writing
Shangguan Waner won the trust of Wei and devoted herself to internal affairs. Her grandfather's case was also rehabilitated. Shangguan Yi posthumously awarded the secretariat, the governor and the king of Chu, while Shangguan Tingzhi posthumously awarded the assistant minister of Huangmen, the secretariat and the king of Tianshui.
Since then, Shangguan Waner often persuaded Li Xian to set up a large number of bachelor's degrees in Zhaowen Museum, widely known as the minister of Ci studies in the current dynasty, and hosted banquets for many times, and wrote poems and sang songs. Every time he replaced Li Xian, Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle at the same time, and made several poems, which were beautiful and were sung by people at that time. For poems written by ministers, Li Xian asked her to evaluate them, and the first one was often awarded to Jin Jue, which was priceless. As a result, both inside and outside the imperial court, poetry and fu became a common practice. Shangguan Waner loves books and has collected more than 10,000 volumes, all of which are aromatherapy. A hundred years later, his books are scattered among the people, still fragrant and moth-free.
After the death of his mother Zheng, she was posthumously named Mrs. Jieyi. Wan'er was demoted to Jieyu as a sign of mourning and soon recovered.
Li Xian sent someone to chisel stones at the pond where Shangguan Waner lived. The carving was extremely poor, and he often invited ministers to feast. At that time, the palace was forbidden and spacious, allowing palace officials to enter and leave at will. Shangguan Waner bought a mansion with some palace officials, and often made contacts with them, and some people got high positions as a result. Cui Shu, assistant minister of Zhongshu, was admitted as a relative after having an affair with Shangguan Waner. Soon, when Cui Kun presided over the civil service election, he was often violated. He was impeached by Li Shang and exiled to a foreign country for his crime. It was also because of Shangguan Waner and Princess Anle that she was reinstated.
The coup was stifled.
In 7 10 (the fourth year of Jinglong), Princess Taiping became stronger and stronger, and Shangguan Waner was attached to Princess Taiping. In June, she died suddenly. Empress Wei arranged all the political posts, internal and external military forces and the power of the central imperial army for her followers and people, and all the political power fell into Wei's hands. Shangguan Waner and Princess Taiping drafted the testamentary edict, and made it crown prince, Li Dan as assistant minister, and Empress Wei as regent, in order to balance the forces of all parties. However, the prime ministers Zong Chuke and Wei Wen changed the imperial edict and advised Wei to follow the example of Wu Zetian.
Li Longji, the king of Linzi, discussed with Princess Taiping and decided to strike first. In July of 2 1 year, Li Longji launched the Tang Long Rebellion, and court officers and soldiers broke into the palace, killing Wei Ruyun, Princess Anle and Wei Ruyun, and establishing his father Li Dan. Shangguan Waner greeted the imperial secretary with a candle, and showed Liu Youqiu the testamentary edict drawn up by her and Princess Taiping, proving that she stood with Li Tang's imperial clan. Liu Youqiu begged Li Longji for mercy with a testament, but Li Longji refused to let her kill Shangguan Waner. He was buried in Hongdu Hospital, Maodao Township, Xianyang County, Yongzhou. Princess Taiping was very sad. She sent someone to pay for a memorial service and paid 500 silks.
7 1 1 (in the second year of Jing Yun) In July, it was renamed Zhao Rong, with the title Huiwen. However, according to the epitaph unearthed in September of 20 13, it can be confirmed that Shangguan Waner was buried in August of the first year of Tang Jingyun, and the cover of his epitaph has been engraved with the inscription of Shangguan Shi, the deceased of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, it can be confirmed that Shangguan Waner recovered her title shortly after her death, that is, when she was buried, not in July of Jing Yun two years after her death as recorded in historical records.
Tomb 20 13 September, Shaanxi Archaeological Research Institute announced the discovery of Shangguan Waner's tomb, which is located in the north of Dengcun Village, Beidu Town, Weicheng District, xianyang City, 4.2km southeast of Xi 'an Xianyang International Airport, and about 25km away from Chang 'an City ruins in the Tang Dynasty. The cemetery is small and there are not many funerary objects. The unearthed epitaph is called "Ming of Shangguan Shi in Tang Dynasty", with nearly a thousand words in regular script, which records the lineage, life, year of death, burial place and other information of Shangguan, and can determine the identity of the tomb owner. According to the epitaph, Shangguan Waner was buried in August of the first year of Tang Jingyun (that is, 7 10), which is consistent with historical records. In the Tang Dynasty, it was called "Hongduyuan, Maodao Township, Xianyang County, Yongzhou", which was an important burial area near Chang 'an, the capital from the late Northern Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
The level of burial is relatively high. The whole tomb is a one-room brick tomb, with many patios and niches on an inclined pyramid-shaped mound, with a horizontal length of 36.5 meters. It consists of a pyramid-shaped mound, five patios, five holes, four niches, a tunnel and a grave. There are no murals in the tombs and tombs. The tomb was rammed with brick coupons from the Ming Dynasty, square, with a side length of 4.5 meters and the deepest part 10. 1 m. The top of the tomb collapsed completely, and all the floor tiles were exposed. The wall debris is as high as1.38m, and no coffin trace is found. The tombs were destroyed on a large scale. According to experts' analysis, it is likely that the tombs were destroyed by officials in ancient times.
2065438+04107 14 The latest issue of Archaeology and Cultural Relics published the full text of Shangguan Waner's epitaph. This famous talented woman in the Tang Dynasty also showed a more real side with the disclosure of the epitaph.
Epitaph of Shangguan Waner, bluestone, square. The length and width of the stone are all 74 cm, and the thickness is 15.5 cm. Draw a thin line chess, carve 32 lines of the main book, a total of 982 words, including information such as lineage, experience, cause of death, burial place, etc.
Literary Contribution Shangguan Waner inherited and developed her grandfather Shangguan Yi's style of writing in poetry, attached importance to the formal skills of poetry, paid more attention to the beauty of sound and words, and was good at reflecting the delicacy and exquisiteness of things. During the period of Zhongzong, due to the influence of its political status, the poetic style of "Qi Cuo Wan Mei" gradually influenced the creative direction of court poets and even other literati, and "Shangguan Style" also became the mainstream of the upper class. Wang Mengou recorded in the Textual Research of Poetry Works in the Early Tang Dynasty that "especially after the restoration of Zhongzong, Wan'er was given banquets and poems one after another, all of which were given by the first ministers. It was necessary to weigh whether it was beautiful or not, so the court prevailed."
Shangguan Waner established a literature restoration museum, widely called the ministers of Ci studies in the current dynasty, and vigorously carried out cultural activities. During this period, Wan'er presided over the elegant, contended with the bachelor, wrote poetry competitions, and rewarded the literati for promotion. Xie Wuliang, a modern literary theorist, said: "Wan'er is a link between the past and the future, arguing with hundred schools of thought for China affairs. The evaluation of Shen and Song's works. At that time, they admired each other and became a custom. Therefore, the success of regular poetry is particularly important for Shangguan grandparents and grandchildren. "
Her personal work, Shangguan Waner, was brilliant since she was a child. /kloc-The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, published at the age of 0/4, gained the attention of Wuhou because of its brilliance. She is resourceful and often writes poems at the same time as the Empress Dowager, Princess Changning and Princess Anle, which can achieve the goal of "combining many articles and bringing forth new ones". Her poetry creation not only inherits the formal skills of "official style", but also surpasses the previous court poems in subject range, lyric characteristics and style, thus taking an important step from the praise of court poems in the early Tang Dynasty to the magnificent and perfect voice in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There is a "beautiful" comment on Shangguan Waner's poems in Dragon City. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the talented and prolific poet to compile her poems and essays into 20 volumes of Collected Works of Tang Zhao Rong and Shangguan Shi, and wrote an inscription for Duke Yan, but unfortunately the anecdotes were scattered. There are 32 poems in the whole Tang Dynasty, which can be divided into three categories according to their contents: lyricism, peace and winning.
speak out one's mind
Among Shangguan Waner's few existing poems, one has been repeatedly mentioned and attracted much attention, that is, his vivid work "Color Book Complaints":
At the beginning of falling leaves, I thought of the rain in Wan Li. The dew is fragrant and cold, and the moon is empty.
I want to play Jiangnan music, and I am greedy for giving books to the north. There is no other meaning in the book, but I have been away from home for a long time.
This is a five-character poem, and the emotional expression of this poem goes beyond the usual tone of court poetry. Missing for such a long time is a rare affection in court poetry. Poetry is lyrical with scenery, lyrical with scenery, and melancholy with bleak weather. Just 40 words, integrated into one, lingering music, changed the style of "six dynasties interest" in the early Tang Dynasty, and was particularly refined and elegant. Zhong Xing, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, praised: "If you can be so angry, you don't have to think about beautiful sentences! "! Tang people are so eager to pursue the beauty of phonology. It's not that high, but it's wonderful and difficult to be a poem! "Some people say that the beauty of" dew fragrant cold "lies in the word" dew thick ",which inadvertently gives birth to feelings and is quite accurate. This song "Color Book Complaint" overcomes the shortcomings of the lack of emotion in court poems, and makes us deeply feel the emotional loneliness and persistence of this talented woman who is long in the palace, as if a folk woman poured out her long thoughts to her husband. After nearly a hundred years of emotional silence, the palace poems in the early Tang Dynasty began to express their feelings in a long, affectionate and wonderful way. From this perspective, it can be regarded as "the redemption of court poetry".
Daily coping system
Even the most common form of court poetry, that is, daily service and response work, Shangguan Waner devoted her peerless talents with fresh and meaningful style or strong momentum. Such as its "Wind and Shengzhi, beginning of spring Day, multicolored flowers coming out of the Cape in Shi Yan":
Dense leaves spit because of cutting, and new flowers are relaxing. Although climbing the bar is correct, the pick is empty.
Spring comes from the sun, and autumn is not willing to be sparse. Excuse me, Tao Li, what is chaos?
In the form of language, the famous scholar Zheng Zhenduo wrote this poem: "It is the most rigorous work in the era of regular poetry." The whole poem vividly describes the process of flower arrangement and the characteristics that flowers can be fake, beautiful and longer than real flowers in nature. Especially the conclusion: "What do you want from Li Xiang?" It conveys a fresh, natural, meaningful and lively artistic conception, which is incomparable to previous palace poems. It can be seen that as a poetess, her meticulous observation, rich experience and unique feeling of beauty have injected a fresh breath into the writing of such poems, which is commendable. What is more commendable is that Shangguan Waner, as a female writer, shows great tolerance in her poems. For example, one of his "Three Poems Presented by Lucky Xinfeng Hot Spring Palace":
In the third winter, the Year of the Loong has a moonlight scene, so you can watch the wind and go out to Bachuan. Looking at the electric leaping dragon from a distance as a horse, looking back at first frost's original jade as a field.
This poem is a quatrain, and the author's high-spirited and spectacular scenery of "dragon as a horse" and "jade as a field" can be described as "radiant" when looking back from a distance. His other two songs, as well as "Lucky Sanhui Temple Should Be Built", are also full of momentum. There are 32 existing poems by Shangguan Waner, except for a few slightly eulogizing words such as "Years often spend, music lasts for a long time" in the third part of "Driving Jixinfeng Hot Spring Palace" and "Peace and prosperity, may you sleep forever" in "Driving Jisanhui Temple". It is hard to see that this is the contribution and response of a court poet. The phrase "rhetoric of peace" is the literary reality of Wan'er at the turn of the early Tang Dynasty. Although Shangguan Waner's existing poems are not rich, it can still be seen that she enriched the theme of court poems with natural and free-flowing mountain sentiment and water rhyme, overcame the lack of emotional expression of court poems with lingering sadness, and washed away the gentle, charming and cramped style of court poems. His creative practice opened the prelude to the peak of the poetic country representing the strong voice of the prosperous Tang Dynasty from the inside of the court, which should be the terminator of the court poetry in the early Tang Dynasty for nearly a hundred years.
Shanshui Yin Qing
As a woman who grew up in the palace, her landscape poems were mainly written in the royal garden. In the third year of Jinglong (709), Zhongzong visited Princess Changning Villa many times, and Wan'er wrote 25 poems, which are his main existing landscape poems. These 25 poems, including 2 three-character poems, 5 four-character poems, 15 five-character poems and 3 seven-character poems, express Shangguan Waner's appreciation of the mountains from different aspects, make people forget her identity as a court poet, show her transcendence over the theme and aesthetic interest of court poems in the early Tang Dynasty, and reveal Shangguan Waner's love and praise for nature.
When she looked at nature from a distance, she felt that she was an outsider, as if she had escaped from the tedious court life and completely integrated into the embrace of nature. For example, there is a cloud in "Eleventh": "The summer window is full of bright moon, and the river is in Bai Yunfei. Books lead vines as a frame, and people must make clothes. " In this sunny and windy month, the poet is like a free son of nature, with vines as bookshelves and Guoluo as clothes. His landscape poems also present a state of simplicity, naturalness, freedom and even the unity of man and nature. For example, in No.8 Middle School, "If you cut a mountain, you will build a house, and if you rely on a tree, you will build a tree." It reveals a frank, simple and natural atmosphere. Another example is the fifteenth song "Playing the piano and waiting for an uncle's night". You should not mention the stone wall, just to remember the mountain. "It also exudes a free and easy Wei-Jin style, which makes life exude infinite reverie. Like the fourth, "Yang Xun Mao Yu, commanding Qiao Zhi. The clouds asked, and the wind and the moon knew each other. " Fifth, the branches are soft and feminine. The mountain forest is the companion, and Songgui is the neighbor. "Poets are free to join the army, make friends freely, and keep company with mountains and forests freely. This is a state where man and nature live in harmony. Some of Wan'er's landscape works are not far from the pastoral school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Such as its thirteenth:
The scepter comes to Xiaxiu, and the frost is dangerous. Pursue the quiet in the mountains, and follow the fans.
Gradually feel relaxed, I see the clouds are low. I don't blame people for saying trees, just to enjoy seclusion.
Shangguan poetry stayed at the beginning of Dongting, thinking about Wan Li Yu. The dew is fragrant and cold, and the moon is empty. I want to play Jiangnan music, and I am greedy for giving books to the north. There is no other meaning in the book, but I have been away from home for a long time. -Tang Shangguan Zhao Rong's "Color Book Complaints" color book complaints
At the beginning of falling leaves, I thought of the rain in Wan Li. The dew is fragrant and cold, and the moon is empty.
I want to play Jiangnan music, and I am greedy for giving books to the north. There is no other meaning in the book, but I have been away from home for a long time. On the Double Ninth Festival in Dili, Xiangyuan came by all means. Cure evil dogwood, offer longevity chrysanthemum and pass a cup. The tower is filled with heaven, but the door is suspicious of Buddha. Bitter words hang in the sun and moon and grow back. —— Zhao Rong, Shangguan in the Tang Dynasty, "On September 9, fortunately, Ji En ascended the floating picture, and the ministers served chrysanthemum and longevity wine." On September 9, fortunately, Ji Ang ascended the floating picture and the ministers served chrysanthemum and longevity wine.
On the Double Ninth Festival in Dili, Xiangyuan came by all means. Cure evil dogwood, offer longevity chrysanthemum and pass a cup.
The tower is filled with heaven, but the door is suspicious of Buddha. Bitter words hang in the sun and moon and grow back. Dense leaves spit because of cutting, and new flowers are relaxing. Although climbing the bar is correct, the pick is empty. Spring comes from the sun, and autumn is not willing to be sparse. Excuse me, Tao Li, what is chaos? -Zhao Rong, an official in the Tang Dynasty, should make the system of offering saints with colored flowers in the inner hall of the Spring Festival Banquet.
Dense leaves spit because of cutting, and new flowers are relaxing. Although climbing the bar is correct, the pick is empty.
Spring comes from the sun, and autumn is not willing to be sparse. Excuse me, Tao Li, what is chaos? See more poems by Shangguan Zhao Rong.