Which dynasty did Xie Shu belong to?
Xie Shu was an outstanding landscape poet in the Southern Dynasties. He was born in a noble family, and he was the same family as Xie Lingyun, the "big thank", and was called "Xiao Xie" by the world.
Brief introduction of Xie Shu
Xie Shu (464-499), born in Chenjun, Yang Xia (now Taikang, Henan), was a writer in Xiao Qi in the Southern Dynasties.
Literary talent is scarce. The Book of Southern Qi claims to be "less studious, with a good reputation and beautiful articles". He once worked in literature for Wang Xiaowei of Zhang Yu, joined the army to follow Wang Zilong, and was also one of the eight friends of Wang Xiaoliang Zi in Jingling.
When Ming Di was in his palm, he wrote an imperial edict. In the second year of Jianwu (495), he was appointed as the magistrate of Xuancheng, known as "Xie Xuancheng" in history.
Later, he served as an official of Shangshu. In the first year of Yongyuan (499), King Xiao Yaoguang of An usurped the throne and was framed and put to death.
Xie Tiao was born in a famous family, and he was the Xie family of Chen County together with the famous landscape poet Xie Lingyun. His grandmother is the sister of Ye Fan, the author of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, and his grandfather Xie Shu is a close friend of Liu Yikang, the prime minister of the early Song Dynasty. Xie Wei, the father, was the assistant minister of the official capital, and Xie Tiao, the mother, was the Great Wall Princess in Liu and Song Dynasties. Xie Tiao has been a noble family for generations, so he started his career in the army as a noble family.
Xie Tiao was in the first year of Yongming (483). When he was twenty, he became an official. In the early and middle period of Yongming, he served as some insignificant officials, lived a light and fat aristocratic life and made friends with poets.
In the ninth year of Yongming (49 1), he went to Jingzhou with Wang Xiaolong and returned to Beijing in the eleventh year, where he served as a title of generals in ancient times' consultation room and archives room. In the second year of Jianwu (495), he was appointed as the magistrate of Xuancheng. Two years later, he returned to Beijing as Zhong Shulang. Later, he was the satrap of the South East China Sea and sought to move the official department of Shangshu, also known as Xie Xuancheng and Xie Official Department. In the first year of Donghuan Hou Yongyuan (499), he was framed by Xiao Yaoguang, the king of Shi 'an, and died in prison at the age of 36.
Once created an "eternal style" with Shen Yue and others. There are more than 200 poems today, describing natural scenery and expressing their feelings directly. The style of the poem is fresh and beautiful. It is good at the beginning and sometimes has good sentences. It is also a level, level and harmonious, and the antithesis is neat, which is the first in the Tang Dynasty.
Poetry achievement
Xie Tiao's poetic style is famous for its freshness, beauty and elegance, exquisite diction and exquisite craftsmanship. Some poems are imitations of Xie Lingyun, such as You Shan and You Jing Ting Shan, all of which are arranged to list the scenery. The poem "You Shan" begins with the origin and motivation of traveling to the mountain, which is generally the opposition between the mountain and the water, and ends with reason and enlightenment. Xie Tiao also often describes the scenery seen from the porch window or desk. Most of the scenery he writes is related to the buildings in Du Yi. The landscape in the poem has picturesque and far-reaching elements, which are quite far and near. For example, the winter night in the county is pushed from the pool in front of the door and the bamboo forest outside the window to the distant mountains and peaceful land outside the window. Words such as "Shang", "Ji" and "Zhong" indicate the orientation relationship between scenes, and the verb "can be used skillfully.
The intonation of Xie Tiao's poems is cadence and leisurely, and he often uses overlapping words, such as "The desert is light and the clouds are late, and Gao Shulin is whispering", which makes the intonation slow and euphemistic. His landscape poems are good at moving himself into the landscape and injecting feelings. The change of the scene stirred his sensitive heart, and the change of mood was synchronized with the scenery. Because of the sudden wind and rain, a flock of birds and a group of quietly dispersed fog, his heart is full of waves. At that time, Shen Yue advocated the theory of "four tones and eight diseases" and emphasized the peace of temperament. Influenced by Xie Tiao's friendship with Shen Yue, he paid special attention to his temperament when writing poems. Among Xie Tiao's existing works, there are three poems, one is eight sentences, and the middle four of the eight sentences are often composed of antithesis, which is neat and even, similar to the later modern poems, beyond the scope of the Six Dynasties poems and has the style of Tang poetry.
Among the "Eight Friends of Jingling", his poetic achievements are the highest. The theme of Xie Tiao's Xidi Poems is narrow. Except for entertainment at banquets, they are all about chanting things, such as "Yong 'an Wind" and "Yong 'an Bamboo". Although this kind of chanting poems has a little sustenance, the Lord demands its shape. There are also many Yuefu folk songs that simulate the Han, Wei, Jin and Song Dynasties. Although these works do not reflect significant social content, they do show boudoir feelings and have a certain flavor of life. Since he went to Jingzhou with the imperial court, his poetry creation has made new progress. After he became the magistrate of Xuancheng, his poetry made new achievements in both content and form. He not only created a large number of landscape poems expressing the beauty of mountains and rivers and his own life feelings, but also created poems reflecting certain social reality, such as "Happy Rain in Saijingting Mountain Temple" and "Giving Poor Fields".
The influence of later generations
In the history of China literature, Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao are called Daxie and Xiao Xie. When Xie Tiao was alive, he was regarded as the most outstanding poet in the world. Shen Yue said, "There has been no such poem for two hundred years"; Liang Wudi said: "If you don't read Xie Tiao's poems for three days, you will have bad breath." Xie Tiao is the representative of landscape poetry in Southern Qi Dynasty, and he opened up a new space for viewing the landscape from the window. His vocabulary and skills were learned from the landscape poems of He Xun, Yin Keng and Wang Wei. Many critics believe that Xie Tiao's poems have the style of Tang poetry. When Xie Tiao was in Xuancheng, he cooperated with friends and wrote four sentences each, which became a long poem. Couplets originated in the Jin Dynasty, and Xie Tiao's works made them more popular. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai admired and appreciated Xie Tiao most, and his works were deeply influenced by him. There are 65,438+02 poems directed at Xie Tiao, such as Qiu Deng, Xie Tiao North Building in Xuancheng. Li Bai especially missed Xie Tiao, Song, who had a strong sense of identity and strong sexuality. He expressed his yearning for Xie Tiao in Autumn Night's Banqiao Pu Pan Yue, and his poem in my heart forever Yu Jiefen imitated Xie Tiao's poem with the same title.
Personality assessment
1, Liu Changqing's "Give a gift to the ambassador of Zhao, and give a gift to the official residence, but thank the official residence for not driving": The frequency of changing the emblem to help Wen County to fast.
2. Liu Changqing's "Reading Xuanzhou Seal with Zheng Zhongcheng, Banqueting Nephew and Ganxi": Lin zhongruan gave birth to a collection, thanking the public on the pool.
3. Liu Changqing's "Send the Willow Messenger to Yuanzhou": Only the window hole of the county Zhai faces Xie Xuanhui in the air.
4. Li Shangyin's "Forty Rhymes of Five-character Lyrics to Du Qi's Brother": Who knows Du Wuku, only Xie Xuancheng.
5. Li Shangyin's "Sending Li at the Gate of Chizhou with his predecessors on the evening of July 12": It is a place where Chengjiang is like a practice, and Xuanhui seems to be a poet.
6. Looking for the Old by Li Shangyin: Xie Tiao is really memorable, and many talents don't avoid the past.
7. Li Bai's "Three Mountains Looking at Jinling to Send to Yin Shu": Three Mountains are pregnant with Xie Tiao, and the water looks at Chang 'an.
8. Li Bai's Farewell to the Secretary in Xuanzhouzhuang: The bones of great writers are your brushes. In the school in heaven, I am Xiao Xie who grew up beside you.
9. Li Bai's "New Linpu Windproof to Send Friends": Fa Ming's "New Linpu", empty poems by Xie Tiao.
10, Li Bai autumn night Banqiao Pu Panyue alone with Xie Tiao: Xuanhui is hard to get again, full of alcohol.
1 1, Li Bai's Wuchang: Dongting Zhang, chasing boats under the mountain. Promise is important for Chu people, and poetry spreads to Xie Tiao Qing Dynasty.
12, Li Bai's "East and West Gong Seclusion": The house is near Qingshan and Xie Tiao, and the door hangs like a willow.