Teaching objectives of "out of chapter" teaching plan design
Knowledge and ability
1, to understand the characteristics of poetry interpretation and guide students to make personalized interpretation;
2. Cultivate students' questioning study habits and exercise their communication and expression skills through group cooperative learning;
2. Understand and analyze the theme of short poems;
(2) Process and method
1, the teaching of poetry appreciation follows the process of "initial perception-cooperative exploration-interactive communication-expansion and sublimation";
2. On the basis of students' autonomous learning, students study in groups and explore together;
Emotional attitudes and values
By reading aloud and analyzing the image characteristics, we can understand the theme of poetry in communication and discussion. Guide students to experience the emotional experience of truth, goodness and beauty in poetry, and inspire students to pay attention to themselves, life and people.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Analyze the theme of poetry with accurate and vivid language and write an appreciation article.
Teaching assumption
Arrange students to preview five short poems, let them choose a poem and write some appreciative comments. Judging from the students' homework before class, most students have a relatively accurate grasp of the main ideas of these five poems, and there are also many interpretations. The biggest problem is that many students are not strict in explaining the process of reading the theme of poetry, so they can't justify themselves when they appreciate it. Therefore, when the group leader reports the discussion of the group, after stating the group's views, it is necessary to pay special attention to how these views were obtained, and the group members can be allowed to supplement their explanations and complete the task together.
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
In China's ancient poetics, there is a saying that "poetry is meaningless", which means that different people and readers often have different understandings of the same work. There is also a saying in the west that "there are a thousand Hamlets for a thousand readers", so readers' participation is particularly emphasized in the process of literary reading. All these statements show that there are differences in understanding and aesthetics in literary appreciation, that is, different appreciators can have different views on the same work.
Second, the interpretation of "out of chapter"
1, introducing the writer's works:
Bian (19 10—2000) was born in Haimen, Jiangsu, and his ancestral home was Lishui, Jiangsu. Poets and scholars. 1933 graduated from English Department of Peking University. At school, I studied under Xu Zhimo, who was deeply appreciated. Xu Zhimo not only published Bian's poems in the Poetry Journal edited by him, but also invited Mr. Shen Congwen to write an inscription. It is because of this experience that Bian is recognized as the representative poet of the important poetry school "Crescent School" in the New Culture Movement. In addition, during this period, Bian, He Qifang and Li Guangtian also published a collection of poems "Hanyuan Collection", so they were collectively called "Hanyuan Three Poets". Since then, Bian has been a professor of western literature in Peking University, a researcher at the Institute of Literature of China Academy of Social Sciences, a vice president of the Shakespeare Research Association of China, and a director of the Chinese Writers Association. She is a famous translator of Shakespeare and English poetry. His major works include: Collection of Hanyuan Garden, Chronicle of the Carved Insects, Ten Years' Poems, Man and Poetry: Recalling the Past and Talking about the New Mountains and Rivers, Novel Fragments, Four Kinds of Shakespeare's Tragedy, Selected Poems of England, etc.
Bian appeared in the poetry circles in 1930s. Although he was influenced by the "Crescent School", he was more obsessed with French symbolism and was good at drawing nutrition from China's classical poems and forming his own unique style. His poems are exquisite, full of associations and strong leaps, with special emphasis on knowledge, drama and philosophical thinking. He is good at discovering the content of poetry from daily life and further excavating the profound connotation that ordinary people can't reach. His poems are obscure and profound, and obscure and intriguing. The poet advocates that "people who have not gone through the artistic process cannot become works of art, and we believe that content and shape are inseparable". Bian's creative attitude is rigorous, and he tirelessly explores the transformation and expression in the "artistic process". Even in the external form of new poetry, he deliberately pursues change and innovation, not to mention the image and content of poetry. Some poems have been translated into many languages and become the special research objects of overseas scholars. In more than half a century, the poet has made unremitting efforts in poetry creation and theoretical research, successfully experimented with and introduced a variety of western modern poetry forms, opened up a new landscape for the development of China's symbolism and modernism poetry, made great enlightenment and important contributions, and achieved considerable artistic achievements.
2, the overall grasp
Bian was an important poet of the New Poetry School in 1930s. Out of chapter, written in 1935, is Bian's masterpiece. Although this poem has only four short lines, it tries to explain profound truth with concise images. Through the epiphany of "landscape", the poet got involved in the philosophical proposition of "relativity". "You stand on the bridge and watch the scenery", but compared with the people upstairs, "you" on the bridge is the scenery in their eyes, and they "watch you upstairs". "The bright moon decorated your window", but compared with those who dreamed of "you", "you" decorated their dreams like the bright moon outside the window.
Literally, this poem is very simple, as if it can be understood after reading it once. But after reading it, I didn't fully understand it. It seems that there is a deep truth hidden in simple words. Li Jianwu, a scholar and translator, believes that this poem is an essay about the word "decoration", suggesting that life is just mutual decoration, including helpless sadness. Bian Zhilin himself disagreed. He said, "This is a lyric poem ..... a moment of artistic conception, written with a feeling of surpassing but cherishing. I like to think that people and things in the world are closely related, interdependent and interactive. People (you) can see the scenery, or they may decorate it intentionally or unintentionally; People (you) can see the bright moon decorating their windows, or they may consciously or unconsciously become decorations in other people's dreams. " He said, "I mean, pay attention to relativity." In this way, the poet's main intention is to intentionally or unintentionally express the relative relationship between people and things. Such an abstract philosophy can be expressed through such short, easy-to-understand and vivid poems, and its superb performance skills are admirable.
Third, the question to explore:
1. In the poem Broken Chapters, how does the poet explain abstract philosophy with vivid pictures?
"Broken Chapter" is a four-image picture. The first two pictures, "You are standing on the bridge watching the scenery" and "People watching the scenery are watching you upstairs", seem to have nothing to do with each other on the surface, but when watching the scenery, the two places "on the bridge" and "upstairs" are connected. In the last two pictures, "The bright moon decorated your window" and "You decorated other people's dreams", windows have nothing to do with dreams, but they are related to "decoration". A very ordinary picture of life, a few irrelevant things, after careful conception and combination of the poet, has become intriguing. Explain the abstract philosophy of "things are closely related" in the poet's mind.
2. Some people say that out of context is a love poem, while others say it is a philosophical poem. what do you think?
There have always been different understandings about the meaning of the poem "Broken Chapter". Some people think that this is a love poem, and the "you" at the bridge head is the scenery in the eyes of the upstairs people during the day and the "decoration" in the dreams of the upstairs people at night. One is to pay attention to and miss the people in my heart day and night; The other is being deeply loved by others, but not feeling it. The poet himself said that his meaning focused on "relativity". By describing his sudden feelings, he skillfully integrated his philosophical thinking for many years: in the same time and space, people or things as subjects may become objects, and objects may also become subjects. It turns out that the profound philosophy taken out of context is metaphorically implied through two vivid and beautiful pictures, which requires readers to add their own life feelings to understand. And your own understanding is a kind of creation.
These are two poems that I liked very much in middle school. When reading "Broken Chapters" and "Mistakes", these two poems dangled in front of my eyes. Can you tell me the reason?
Clear: The emotional experience generated during reading is very similar. (You can simply exchange poems with your classmates)
Teacher's teaching: If you can grasp the image in the poem to associate and imagine, you can accurately grasp the emotion to be expressed in the author's poem.
4. Summary of the discussion after reading Broken Chapter: Literally, Broken Chapter is extremely short, as if you can understand it after reading it once, but there seems to be a deep truth in simple words. After careful tasting, what do you think is the author's writing intention?
5. Students discuss in groups and try to have their own unique opinions.
(1) Ask the team leader to report the overall situation of our group's interpretation of broken chapters;
4. Courseware shows several interpretations of broken chapters in academic circles;
Teachers can provide several groups of materials about out-of-chapter poems:
A) Mr. Li Jianwu, a scholar and translator, thinks that this poem makes a fuss about the word "decoration". The surface of the poem seems indifferent, but there is endless sadness buried in the darkness-life is just a mutual decoration.
Zhang Yaxin, a critic, thinks Broken Chapters is a masterpiece. The poet does not say how beautiful you are, but describes how she became an infatuated aesthetic object and a part of the "landscape", but how she became an object of love and a flower in a "dream" that she missed day and night. It is better to write about her infatuation than her appearance, which can create inner lyricism and subtle meaning. (The poet Cang Kejia feels the same way. )
C) The poet recalled the creation process of the poem "Broken Chapter" and said, "These four lines were inadvertently obtained, and originally I wanted to make a complete poem. Then I feel that there is no need to say more, but I can write independently, hence the name "Broken Chapter". " It was written in 1935 10, a touching scene, and stored in memory, much earlier than this date. This is a lyric poem, of course, it can also be said to be a love poem, but it is by no means to express one's thoughts about someone, but to write an instantaneous artistic conception with super-cherished feelings. I like to think that people and things in the world are closely related, interdependent and interactive. People ("you") can see the scenery, or they may embellish it intentionally or unintentionally; People ("you") can see the bright moon decorating their windows, or they may become decorations in other people's dreams consciously or unconsciously. It means further understanding, which will go beyond the meaning of the relationship between a man and a woman. "
Summary: The deep meaning of excellent poetry is endless, just like an equation with infinite solutions, which has multiple levels and different levels interweave and refract, so that poetry derives different meanings. Different readers read the same poem because of different living environment, cultural tradition, artistic concept and appreciation mood. They will form different aesthetic expectations and make completely different discoveries. Teachers should grasp the images of "you", "scenery", "bright moon" and "dream" as appropriate supplements. )
6. Read on the basis of understanding and recite on the spot.
Fourth, expand and extend.
Supplement Yu Guangzhong's poem Serial, so that students can further perceive the ambiguity of poetry and the reading characteristics of personalized interpretation.
Lian Zhubian's Poems
Yu Guangzhong
You stand by the bridge and watch the sunset/sunset, but look back/look back at the distant building/someone misses you on the roof.
You stand on the bridge and look at the bright moon/bright moon but look down at the distant window/someone dreams of you at the window.
Teaching summary "You stand on the bridge and watch the scenery,
People watching the scenery are watching you upstairs;
The bright moon decorated your window,
You decorated other people's dreams. "
This little poem with only four lines can be regarded as one of Bian's representative works, and its title is Broken Chapter. This was originally four lines in one of his long poems, but because he was not satisfied, he deleted all the others and kept only these four lines, which I thought was really wonderful.
This poem is fresh and simple, contains philosophy, and sharp thoughts are hidden between the lines, which is a typical obscurity. "You stand on the bridge and watch the scenery, and the people watching the scenery are watching you upstairs;" Did you see a shot in front of you: you were standing by the bridge, staring at the beautiful scenery in the distance, and the people watching the scenery upstairs also included you in the scenery outside the window. When you are intoxicated with the scenery, you don't know that you have become someone else's scenery. It is with such a concrete image that the author expresses an abstract philosophy. In fact, everyone has a similar position in life. Things are intrinsically related to me, me and him, and he and you. Everyone does not exist independently. We are influenced by others, and we also influence others, just as people who look at the scenery will become scenery. Who knows if the person watching the scenery upstairs will become another person watching the scenery?
"The bright moon decorated your window, and you decorated other people's dreams." Two "ornaments" are used in the two sentences, highlighting the changes until "you". When you look at the bright moon by the window and fall asleep with a sweet smile, you won't know. Maybe a stranger dreamed of you in his dream, and you decorated his dream. This section can be regarded as independent from the previous section, but they express the same truth. Through the transformation and contrast of positions and two poetic pictures, the inextricable relationship between man and nature and between people is revealed.
I always like to be out of context, and the implicit words are permeated with profound philosophy. Because of this, it will have a strong vitality and will not be abandoned by history like some gorgeous and empty poems.
Look at the scenery quietly, and let yourself become the scenery of others quietly. Isn't it also very happy?
Looking at the scenery by the window, the traffic is busy, people come and go, and the girl who looks at the scenery suddenly looks up, and her eyes seem to meet mine. At this moment, my heart slipped a little touched. "Broken chapter" "You are standing on the bridge watching the scenery, and the people watching the scenery are watching you upstairs." It is said that the work is a foreign minister's poem, and the misty poem has such charm that it is easy to understand in just a few lines, but the reader has gained extremely rich and complicated feelings from it.
In my opinion, publishing a chapter is a state or an attitude. Some people take things out of context and can't understand anything, so they come to the conclusion that they are partial. This state is usually ridiculous, while the other out of context has an aesthetic feeling of saying what you want, which is similar to the realm of "rarely confused" and "not asking for a solution". The former is utilitarian, so it will make a big fuss and blindly summarize, while the latter shows carefree detachment. Life is not for academic research, but can be deduced through laws and formulas. How can we really but clearly analyze the people in the world, who have endless things and unpredictable changes? As the saying goes, "If you cut any more, the reason will be chaotic", so it is wisdom to face life out of context.
Taking words out of context is not to prevent people from escaping from reality, but to make people see the world clearly and cultivate a conscience. Some things have happened. Take out the best part of the chapter and bury it in your memory. Some things are happening. Take out the most direct part, be down-to-earth and face it calmly. Some things are going to happen. The most positive aspect of breaking a chapter is to use it as a guiding light and then guide it ... Even a cloud, a drop of water and an ant can make us break the chapter, catch the slightest touch and feel the most beautiful bloom.
"I only take a spoonful of water for 3 thousand." In the vast world, how small we are, facing life, too pure and sober, sometimes it is inevitable to be tired and futile, so we have to break the chapter, the figure that hurried by, the scenery in front of us, the looming future in the distance, the world and ourselves.
"You stand on the bridge to see the scenery, and the people watching the scenery look at you on the bridge. The bright moon decorated other people's windows, and you decorated other people's dreams. " No questions asked, right now, it's beautiful.
Most poets regard Bian's Broken Chapters as a philosophical poem with profound implications. In fact, reading it as a romantic poem is full of poetry! Picturesque artistic conception, rich and meaningful feelings, endless drama flavor and unique theme are really unique in my heart.