There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
These two poems imply that the emperor has been surrounded by adulterers and that state affairs have been corrupted, expressing the poet's deep feeling that he can't serve the country.
First, the original poem
Climb the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing.
Author: Li Bai
There used to be a phoenix on the phoenix platform, and the phoenix went to Taiwan, only Jiangdong returned.
Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine.
The mountains are shrouded in clouds, such as blue sky, and the river is divided into two.
There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
Second, poetry annotation.
1, Wu Palace: During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Wu built a palace in Jinling.
2. Jin Dynasty: refers to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After Nandu, it was also established in Jinling.
3, clothing: refers to the famous family at that time.
4. Cheng Guqiu: It means that these characters left a pile of ancient tombs today. Qiu: Tomb.
5. Three Mountains: the name of the mountain. It's on the Yangtze River in the southwest of Nanjing. Because the three peaks are tied together and the north and south are connected, it is named.
6, half-length: it is far away and can't be seen clearly.
7. Two waters: one is "one water". Qinhuai River flows through Nanjing, then flows westward into the Yangtze River, and is divided into two tributaries by Egret Island. Egret Island: A sandbar in the ancient Yangtze River with many egrets on it, hence its name. Now there is land.
Connect. Located outside the Shuiximen in Nanjing today, it has been turned into Bailuzhou Park, which is the largest park in the south of Nanjing. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, this garden belonged to the Xu Da family, the founding father of Zhongshan, so it was called Xu Taifu Garden or Xu Zhongshan Garden.
Tianci Xu, a descendant of Xu Da, expanded this garden into the "largest and most splendid" garden in Nanjing at that time, and named it the East Garden. The park has become a gathering place for park owners and many famous literati such as Wang Shizhen and Wu Cheng'en. Southern tour of Ming Wuzong
At that time, I had been to the park to enjoy the scenery and fish. After entering the Qing Dynasty, due to the continuous destruction by war and man-made, the scenery faded, the gardens were bleak, and a generation of famous gardens became ruins. During the Republic of China, the Nanjing Municipal Government set up this office at 1929.
Built as "Bailuzhou Park". During the Japanese puppet regime, the park was destroyed again, and the park was reduced to ruins.
8. Egret Island: The middle sandbar of the ancient Yangtze River, outside the Shuiximen in Nanjing, was named after gathering egrets.
9. Clouds cover the sun: a metaphor for evil. Metaphorically, I'm in power. Floating clouds: Lu Jia's "The Truth of Mind": "Evil ministers cover up the wise, just like clouds cover up the sun and the moon."
Rhyme translation
In the ancient Phoenix Terrace, there used to be a group of phoenixes roaming; The wind has gone to Taiwan Province, and only the flowing water of the Yangtze River is still there.
The weeds in the palace garden in Wu Dong era buried the secluded path; The aristocratic families in the Jin Dynasty also became ancient tombs and barren hills.
Half of the towering three mountains are exposed in the sky; Bailuzhou divides Qinhuai River into two tributaries.
Just because those days drifted away and covered up the glory; How can you climb a mountain without worrying about not seeing Chang 'an?
translate
The phoenix bird used to come here for recreation, but now it has flown away, leaving only this empty platform, which still flows eastward with the river. The magnificent King Wu Palace and thousands of flowers and plants in it,
Today, they are all buried in desolate and secluded paths. The dignitaries of the Jin dynasty, even if they had brilliant achievements, are now buried in ancient graves and turned into loess. I stood on the stage, looking at the three mountains in the distance, still standing.
Beyond the blue sky, Bailuzhou divides the Qinhuai River into two waterways. Clouds floating in the sky sometimes cover the sun, so that I can't see Chang' an, and I can't help but feel sad.
Sweet world
Phoenix Terrace: Located in Phoenix Mountain in Nanjing today. "Taiping Universe" Volume 90 Jiangning County, Jiangnan East Road: "Phoenix Mountain, north of the county, Zhou is connected with Sanjinggang and lingers until it dies. Song Yuanjia sixteen years, there are three
Birds gather on this mountain, shaped like peacocks, colorful and harmonious. It's still on Phoenix Terrace, rising from the mountain, called Phoenix Mountain. "Zhang Songjie's" Cold Hall Poetry "Volume 1:" Jinling Phoenix Terrace, in the southeast of the city, four
Gu Jiangshan, overlooking Jingyi, has an ancient poem saying that the fallen immortal is the last word "(see also Zhang's Coral Hook Poetry, Volume 1).
Three. Poetry criticism
Going to Nanjing and Ascending the Phoenix Terrace is a lyric poem by Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. The whole poem is composed of eight sentences and fifty-six words. It sings and sighs with what you saw and felt when you boarded the Phoenix Terrace, making you old forever.
Historical changes are combined with distant legends and stories to express deep historical feelings and sober realistic thinking. This poem has lofty charm and long style, which embodies the artistic characteristics of Li Bai's poems.
Li Bai seldom writes seven-character metrical poems, but "On the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing" is a famous poem in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written after the author returned from exile and was pardoned. It is said that it was written by the author Tianbao (742 ~ 756 during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) when he was expelled from Chang 'an and visited Jinling in the south.
In the first two sentences, Li Bai begins with the legend of Phoenix Terrace, expressing his feelings about the changes of time and space. "Phoenix, which used to play here, so that this place is named after them, has now abandoned it and come to this desolate river" is natural, lively and fluent; Although fourteen words are connected
The word "phoenix" is used, but it doesn't make people feel repetitive at all, and there is no blunt problem in common poems. Phoenix Terrace is located in the southwest of Jinling Old Town. According to Jiangnan Tongzhi, Phoenix Terrace is in Jiangning.
In the southwest corner of the city, and Toby, you can visit. In the sixteenth year of Song Yuanjia, there were three birds in the mountain, which looked like peacocks, and there were countless birds attached to them, called phoenix. Starting from the mountain, it is called Phoenix Mountain.
In phoenix. Li's Phoenix Terrace is not an ordinary lyric, but an organic lyric. Since ancient times, Phoenix has always been regarded as auspicious, which is related to the development of society: a good time.
A generation, the phoenix bird fell from the sky, the sound of nature. Therefore, the appearance of phoenix birds mostly shows the meaning of praise. However, the phoenix that Li Bai first pointed out here is just the opposite: what he expressed is from prosperity to decline, sage.
Time is difficult, only the infinite emotion generated by the eternal scenery. The Yuanjia era that attracted the phoenix is gone forever, and so are the prosperous Six Dynasties, leaving only the vastness of the Yangtze River and the towering mountains of the phoenix.
Old age is endless.
Starting from the changing time and space of "Phoenix goes to Taiwan", the three or four sentences of "the path of Wugong is crooked and the golden clothes are ancient dust" continue to explore its enlightenment significance. Wu Dadi, who has children like Sun Zhongmou, is romantic.
The romantic figures of the Six Dynasties, as well as many rulers, were buried in graves and became traces of history. Even the magnificent palace has been abandoned and ruined, and it is a ruin. Peace and prosperity have not been left to history.
Something memorable. It contains Li Bai's unique historical feelings. Those noble philosophers who "laugh at the ancients, get heaven near the city" and "stay home for a long time without reward" have won special respect from Li Bai. the same
At that time, Li Bai dared to despise feudal order and break the spiritual bondage of traditional idols, so that he despised Yao and Shun, laughed at him and made great efforts to make friends with princes on an equal footing. Therefore, the disappearance of Li Bai's emperors, in addition to causing some regret, did not
There is a trace of regret. Then, when he focused his historical eyes on those emperors, his contempt was obvious. Flowers and plants flourish, the world remains the same, and everything changes and develops according to the law. This is history, and this is.
The rise and fall of the times.
The next two sentences show that Li Bai did not completely immerse his thoughts in mourning for history, but turned his profound eyes to his feelings about nature. Sanshan Mountain is also a place, which is said to be on the river southwest of Jinling. According to "Ding Jing Jiankangzhi", "Its mountains are lush, the three peaks are juxtaposed, and the north and south are connected, so it is named Sanshan". According to Lu you
"Entering Shu" says: "Three mountains meet the Phoenix Terrace from the stone, and there is no middle ear, which is only more than 50 miles away from Jinling." Lu You's "making something out of nothing" just illustrates the hidden feeling of "three mountains and half a fall".
A vivid description of the scene. Especially the "Egret Island" in the middle of the river, which spans the west Yangtze River in Jinling, actually divides the Yangtze River into two halves. Therefore, the huge and broad natural forces give people a strong momentum and a broad mind.
Bring people back to reality from historical reverie and feel the eternity of nature again.
Although Li Bai has an ideal desire to transcend the secular world, his heart has always been concerned about the real political and social life, so when he cordially visited history and nature, he turned his attention to reality.
Politics. He looked far and wide, trying to look from the imperial capital of the Six Dynasties to the power center at that time, that is, Chang 'an, the capital in his heart. However, his efforts failed, because "a cloud appeared between the light in the sky and me", and he had to "Chang 'an was absent".
Seeing is believing, which is worrying. "As a result, the cloud is long, the sorrow is infinite, the ambition is hard to pay, and the sorrow is like a wisp. Here, Li Bai used the saying in Lu Jia's Xin Yu that "evil ministers cover the wise, but clouds still cover the sun and the moon" to place his own.
Inner hug. His pain, his hatred of disease and evil, and his "we will drown the sorrow of generations!" " It seems easy to understand. In particular, the word "not seen in Chang 'an" contains the meaning of "climbing high and looking far", which is not only related to the topic.
We should also apply infinite feelings to rivers with water and sky, towering green mountains and clear boundless sky. In this way, the feelings in the heart and the scenery in the eyes are intertwined, and the mountains and rivers are beautiful and the ancient feelings can be reflected.
Thinking for thousands of years; The river is surging, and today people are bitter and resentful, and the rhyme is endless.