The Book of Songs and the Style of Fifteen Kingdoms is one of the classic representatives of oral literature in pre-Qin period. At the beginning, there were many poems, but the three poems of Lu, Qi and Han were all lost, only handed down. Mao's poems were handed down to the world by Mao Heng and an uncle of Scarlett, whose birthplace is now hejian city, Hebei Province. Mao Heng, a disciple of Xunzi, came to Hejian Wuyuan County (now hejian city) to live in seclusion. On the basis of sorting out the ancient Book of Songs, he began to make a biography of the Book of Songs. At the same time that The Book of Songs spread, there were songs and poems in Hejian. Up to now, there are still folk songs such as Guan Lang and Guo E in the Book of Songs sung in ancient rhymes.
Hejian is not only the birthplace of Shi Mao, but also the place where the culture of The Book of Songs is taught and studied. Here, generations of scholars of The Book of Songs have made indelible contributions to the cultural development of The Book of Songs. Hejian songs and poems are outstanding representatives of folk oral literature since the Han Dynasty, and villages such as Shijing Village in Hejian have always retained the "living" culture of singing the Book of Songs. Hejian song and poem is an ancient comprehensive art form integrating folk literature and music. It is a unique carrier that the Book of Songs has spread among the people in oral form for thousands of years, and it is also an important part of the contemporary culture of the Book of Songs.
Hejian's "Book of Songs" culture is mainly manifested as:
1, the generation and spread of poetry
2. During the dissemination of The Book of Songs, related legends of historical figures and some village names were derived, forming a place name culture.
3. Maogong Academy, built in Yuan Dynasty, has trained many talents and left behind poems, essays, poems, couplets and inscriptions related to The Book of Songs.
4. A long tradition of loving, writing and studying poetry and a strong cultural atmosphere have been formed in the local area, and a number of poets have emerged.
Qiu, a 70-year-old native of Hangbieying Village in hejian city, can use ancient poems, including Guan Ju in the Book of Songs. According to him, the ancient rhyme of The Book of Songs has been handed down from generation to generation. His family is a family of sixteen generations of bureaucrats. His grandfather and father can sing the ancient rhyme The Book of Songs. Influenced by it since childhood, he can naturally sing. Tang Yonghui, 72, said that he learned his songs and poems from two old gentlemen who went to private schools. Deeply attracted by the rhythmic timbre, he quietly learned from two old gentlemen and learned this unique singing method.
Qiu's singing is very local, and there is a flavor of Xihe drum between the tunes. Whether Scapharca subcrenata teaches his disciples to sing with this sound, we have no way to verify it. If that's the case, we don't know how dynasties change, wars and disputes, how culture rises and falls, and how it has survived several times. What are the similarities and differences between modern people's singing and ancient people's singing? We have no way of knowing. It is true that the culture of The Book of Songs is the root of China's traditional culture, which is related to Hejian's cultural origin, local customs, human environment and many other aspects. In this sense, Hejian's songs and poems have extremely important cultural and historical values. This is also supported by historical documents. Every poem in The Book of Songs was a popular song at that time, and Wind was a folk song sung by the people. When Scapharca Mao Heng set up a library to teach, he sang with "Jin Yun" as the source of "Hejian Songs and Poems". There are "Four Poems of Hejian in Handan" in Hanshu. Hejian once belonged to Zhao, indicating that there are songs and poems here. The Chronicle of He Jiajing Fu Jian lists biographical items such as ancient songs of Han Dynasty, ancient songs of Tang Dynasty, ancient songs of Song Dynasty and ancient songs of Yuan Dynasty, which shows that its poetic style has been handed down from generation to generation. In the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Sicheng, the manager of Hejian Road, asked the emperor to build Maogong Academy in front of Maogong Mausoleum, paying attention to more formal teaching, and the wind of "chanting poems" was more prosperous in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Another phenomenon can also be used as evidence of Hejian songs: because there is an ancient folk musical instrument accompaniment, a small number of poems in the Book of Songs are called "Shengge", and Qiu said that sometimes they are accompanied by sheng. Hejian village has more than 70 sheng classes at most. Is there any mysterious connection between "copying mechanically" and poetry? According to the examination, some ancient scores are probably from Hejian songs and poems. In addition, Hejian poets, such as Liu Changqing, have appeared in all previous dynasties. A poet has a collection of poems or words that can be sung with music. Historically, every festival such as Tomb-Sweeping Day and Double Ninth Festival, as well as folk temple fairs and official ceremonies, there was a habit of singing, and its melody had a great influence on local popular folk art or opera forms in Hejian, such as Xihe Drum. This is also likely to come from the mode of "Hejian Songs and Poems".
These are enough to show that Hejian songs and poems are the oldest reading form of The Book of Songs, a branch of the cultural inheritance of The Book of Songs, with distinctive regional characteristics and rich cultural connotations of Yanzhao.
As the first collection of China's poems, The Book of Songs, regarded as a cultural classic of China, is called three immortal masterpieces of the ancient world by American scholars, based on Greek epics and Shakespeare's plays. It has deep roots with Hejian, an ancient land. 2500 years ago, it was revised by Confucius and became one of the Confucian classics. The ancients held bamboo slips and wooden slips, which were passed down from mouth to mouth. The Qin Dynasty burned books to bury Confucianism. Mao Heng, a disciple of Xunzi, came to Hejian Shijing Village to live in seclusion. After Mao Heng's death, his nephew Skakaka circulated poems among the people. With the revival of Confucianism in the Han Dynasty, Liu De, who was crowned king in Hejian, "learned from the past" and "sought the best books in the world", hired Scott as a doctor and set up the Rihua Palace and Scholar's Academy to give lectures. Skakaka's disciples handed down the Book of Songs from generation to generation, and later people called it "Mao Poetry".
Throughout the ages, there have been poets in Hejian, such as Liu Changqing. A poet has a collection of poems or words that can be sung with music. In history, there is a habit of singing on festivals such as Tomb-Sweeping Day and Double Ninth Festival, as well as folk temple fairs and official ceremonies, and its melody has greatly influenced the popular local folk art or opera forms in Hejian today, such as Xihe Drum. This is also likely to come from the mode of "Hejian Songs and Poems".