Dongpo Garden is located in the eastern part of the city and is the throat of the ancient canal. The whole scenic spot consists of a peninsula surrounded by water on three sides and a half moon island in the ancient canal. The knocker at the entrance of Dongpo Park is unique and looks like a tiger. It is called an armadillo (bi? An (an, Bi 'an), according to legend, is the seventh son of the dragon, and the tail-rolling faucet at both ends of the roof is named Chi? Kiss is said to be the ninth son of the dragon. Because "the dragon gives birth to nine children, but the child doesn't become a dragon", their status in Buron is low, and their image can only be seen in garden buildings. The armadillo on the door can distinguish right from wrong, be eager for public interests and be righteous, and it is intimidating, while the kissing mouth is wide and thick, which is easy to swallow for a lifetime. It is water-based and can prevent fire. The two ends of the roof are beautiful and can put out fires and eliminate disasters. Su Dongpo is deeply admired by the world, and Changzhou people love Mr. Dongpo more. 1982 when building the city gate, the dragon son was specially used to guard the city gate, guarding the meaning of the gentleman day and night.
When entering the cave, the white wall facing the cave is divided into scene suppression, cave entrance as frame view, leaky window as borrowing view, connected by cloisters and decorated with turquoise flowers and trees. In front of us, this group of lake stone sketches is called "Three Su Sources". Although there is only this square inch, it is also very small and meaningful. At first glance, it looks like Mount Tai and Huashan in miniature. The main peak is towering, the secondary peak is arched and staggered back and forth, forming a beautiful three-dimensional picture. A closer look, isn't this picture a true portrayal of Dongpo's "misty rain outside the three peaks is in the palm of your hand"? ! This artistic treatment of seeing the big from the small shows that the pine, plum and bamboo behind the main peak are Mr. Lao Han's broad-minded and heroic feelings, echoing the three lakes and three stones in front of him. Isn't this the implication of "three peaks and three friends" Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe that "three fathers and sons have four articles in one door"?
Through the cave door, it is Huai. Therefore, the scenery in this courtyard is closely related to Dongpo, which makes people feel nostalgic for the Soviet Union. And the word "snow wave" on the lake stone in front of us leads us to a story that Mr. Wang loves stones. According to legend, Dongpo once got a strange stone in Yangzhou, whose wrinkles are like the waves of the Yangtze River, hence the name "Snow Wave Stone", which is given to the desk basin for viewing all day. Later, his study was renamed "Xuelangzhai", which shows Mr. Wang's love for stones. After he settled in his old house in Hua Teng, Changzhou, in order to thank the elders of Jingshan Temple in Hangzhou for coming to visit, he presented a poem, which was inscribed as "Snow Wave Weng Su Shi". In order to commemorate this story, a "snow wave stone" was specially placed at the east gate opposite the scene. People think of people when they see things, and the scene of Mr. Dongpo's love for stones in those days is vivid.
Two magnolia plants in the courtyard, with buds like brush dipped in thick ink, are firmly supported and covered with magnolia trees. At first glance, they look like a fenced forest. The poem "Who believes there is a pen in the original flower" and "The pen suddenly gives birth to flowers" eulogizes Magnolia, which means that when Dongpo was born, his mother dreamed that a tall man sent a huge sum of money, reflecting Dongpo's great writing style in the future: "Putting pen to paper scares the wind and rain, and pressing four seats with one pen". Emperor Song Shenzong said: Li Bai has Su Shi's talent, but he has no Su Shi's knowledge. Su Dongpo's poems, calligraphy and painting have developed in an all-round way and have always been admired by Chinese people. Osmanthus fragrans in the court has always been "not competing with spring flowers", symbolizing Mr. Wang's self-knowledge. When he was an official in Beijing, he asked himself to be a local official because he was different from Wang Anshi, the prime minister of the dynasty, and left Kyoto to avoid suspicion and not competing with others. The color of sweet-scented osmanthus is not bright, but it is "clear and full of dry Kun", which is a portrayal of Mr. Gao's personality. We admire Su Dongpo today because he is humorous and optimistic in adversity. Unfortunately, relatives and friends are worried about him, but he sings loudly: "There are few branches blowing willow, and there are many fragrant grasses on earth." When he was in exile, he said to himself, "It's spring in Luofu Mountain ... I might as well grow up to be a Lingnan person." It is Mr. Dongpo's philosophical attitude of loving life and having no regrets that has made his life go through one difficulty after another and has never been intimidated by difficulties.
Look, this statue is Su Dongpo, a great writer. His name is Shi, Zi Zhan and Dongpo. Born in Meishan, Sichuan, on December 19th, the third year of Northern Song Dynasty (1037). Father Su Xun and younger brother Su Zhe were also famous writers in the Northern Song Dynasty. Father and son are called "Three Sows" and "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Dongpo's life is full of twists and turns. He used to be an official in the capital. Because he didn't agree with Wang Anshi's idea of political reform, he invited local officials. He has been a judge in Hangzhou and a magistrate in Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou, and has been relegated repeatedly. He was exiled to Hainan in his later years. Dongpo was learned and widely remembered before his death, and he was brilliant. His articles, poems, paintings and calligraphy can be regarded as the best of all time.
In the seventh year of Yuanfeng in Zongshen (1084), Dongpo, 49, asked Emperor Zongshen to live in Changzhou, because he owned land in Huang Tu village in Yixing, which was then under the jurisdiction of Changzhou government. The next year, the imperial edict allowed him to stay in Changzhou and appointed him as the assistant envoy of Changzhou Yingyong. Therefore, Dongpo has formed an indissoluble bond with Changzhou, and once went to Changzhou 1 1 times. In the first year of Guo Jing, Zhong Jian (11summer), Su Dongpo was rehabilitated by the Mongolian court. When Dongpo was exiled from Hainan and returned to Ganzhou (now Ganzhou, Jiangxi), he was seriously ill and wanted to go back to his hometown in Meishan, Sichuan for his old age, but he was unable to do so. After careful consideration, he decided to come to Changzhou. Qian, a native of Changzhou, lives in the ancient Tangqiao Pavilion. On July 28th of the same year, he died in Sun Shi Pavilion at the age of 66.
Long Ting, this pavilion, built near the pool, looks like a pavilion and a waterside pavilion. It is a combination of pavilions and pavilions, which is rare. It is called massage for two reasons. One is that Emperor Qianlong once called local literati in the pavilion, and the other is that there are two dragons on the top of the pavilion, so it is called Long Ting. "The pavilion stopped and people didn't get together." It is a kind of landscape architecture that can overlook, rest, shade and shelter from rain, and is often combined with mountains, water and greening to form a landscape. There are many kinds of pavilions, such as mountain pavilions, corridors and waterside pavilions, and pavilions specially designed for historical sites. Roof forms are divided into single eaves, double eaves and rest peaks. It provides a place for tourists to rest and enjoy the garden scenery.
As we all know, "overlapping mountains" and "managing water" are two important architectural elements of China gardens, and only mountains and water can form a landscape. There are many "mountains" in Dongpo Park, but there is only so much "water", which is very disproportionate. However, ingenious gardeners skillfully "borrowed" the water from the ancient canal outside the garden into the garden, which fully reflected the skills and artistic techniques of "borrowing scenery" in garden art.
To the south of the pool is the Imperial Monument Pavilion, where six poems written by Emperor Qianlong during his southern tour are preserved. These poems express his reverence for Su Dongpo and his instructions to local officials. From 175 1 to 1784, Emperor Qianlong visited Jiangnan six times and came to Chang four times. The three of them used it as a palace to celebrate the birthday of the Empress Dowager and invited local literati to audition. When Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, the road was vast and the welcoming scene was spectacular. According to historical records, every time you go to a regular state, "Imperial music leads the way, and ten thousand people ride the shore", "Civil and military officials lead local literati to kneel to meet the western suburbs and respectfully send imperial cars to the eastern suburbs", and "incense tables, flags, propaganda, lanterns, colorful knots and roads are blocked along the way". These inscriptions describe the grand occasion of his southern tour and express his praise for Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Song Dynasty. The post of piling is located in Feicranium, which patrols the whole city for six weeks. All ages are happy to call it the sky, and the scenery of mountains and rivers has been hooked. Alas, there is no negligence in grazing, and the weak are not stupid. There are few registered permanent residence, so there is no hidden trouble of flood and drought. (After working in Changzhou House, Xin Wei wrote in autumn. This inscription expresses that Emperor Qianlong came to Changzhou and was very happy to see the beautiful scenery and scenery here. Encourage local officials to be diligent and love the people. At the same time, local officials have also been warned to increase reserves in case of floods and droughts. This shows how much Emperor Qianlong loved the people. Let's look at this one again: Beard moved to Bazhou, and the floating path was not tied to the boat. Survive without moving, so far it's not bad. In those days, water flowed quietly. Myanmar is charming and windy, wandering in the province. This poem was written by Emperor Qianlong when he passed by the boat pavilion. The full text expresses the admiration for Dongpo's noble character and also warns himself. The poem also expresses regret for Dongpo's tragic experience.
Inscription, that's all. Let's move on. There is a small bridge in front of the Yubei Pavilion, and you can see a rockery. Small and exquisite, vivid in shape. Changzhou has been a land of outstanding people since ancient times, and all kinds of skilled craftsmen emerge one after another. For example, Ge, a garden artist famous for folding rockeries in the early Qing Dynasty, was born in Changzhou, Suzhou Huanxiu Mountain Villa, Changzhou Near Garden and so on. In ancient times, Changzhou had many gardens. By the Qing Dynasty, there were 72 more. As the saying goes, there can be no mountains in the yard, but there must be no stones. Stone has a natural contour shape, rough and pure texture, and is a beautiful intermediate medium between garden architecture and natural environment. The "stone" appreciated by China people is not only strange, but also ugly. "This grotesque stone is like a gentleman. Ugly to the extreme is beautiful to the extreme. Bad words are all words. " ? Shipin Lake, commonly used in Lushan Mountain, is mostly composed of rocks, exquisitely carved, with many marble and holes on the surface, beautiful in shape and mostly limestone. Good stone peaks can be summarized as fine, wrinkled, leaking and penetrating. The overall image of the stone peak is slim and colorful, and its character is strong; Wrinkles refer to the ups and downs of stone bodies, and we can see the rhythmic changes of light and shade; There are holes connected from top to bottom and coherent veins on the leaking finger stone body; Penetration refers to delicate porous holes through which light passes back and forth. On a good stone peak, they often blend together harmoniously, thus forming the overall aesthetic characteristics of the stone. Dongpo West Wild Goose Lake, carved from white stone, is 1m long, 0.5m wide and 0.5m deep. He Zhi of Changzhou recorded: "This pool is made of white stone with a small hole at the bottom. Take off its wedge and the water will dry. With a new water cover, you can hold fifteen or six stones, and the water in midsummer will not rot. " Only the great writer Su Like Dongpo needed such a big Xiyan Lake. It was originally located in Sun Shi Pavilion of Gutangqiao, and local officials and gentlemen knew that Qianlong appreciated Su Dongpo's talent and knowledge. In order to add a scene to the officials of Wanshou Pavilion and please the emperor, he moved it here. In the poems of Hong, a famous poet in Qing Dynasty, the phrase "wisteria blossoms, ancient stains rot each other" refers to the West Wild Goose Lake. Now, Xiyan Lake makes more tourists remember Mr. Dongpo's moral integrity.
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Chuanting
This? The most important monument in Qianzhou Pavilion Garden: Zhouzhou Pavilion. The word "rowing" means "tying" or "stopping". So, was the boating pavilion built for Emperor Qianlong or Su Dongpo to stop here? Emperor Qianlong and Dongpo both stopped ships here, but the difference was more than 700 years. In the sixth year of Xining in Song Shenzong (1073), Su Dongpo was appointed as the transportation department in Hangzhou and sent to Runzhou (now Zhenjiang). When passing through Changzhou, he stopped here for a boat trip. To this end, he once wrote a poem entitled "Stay outside Changzhou on New Year's Eve", the first half of which is: lament and weep, the fire is far away and the stars are low. Sick, sleepless and old, local accent is not accompanied. Heavy feet and frost, light and thin new head. Thank you for coming. You can stay alone for one night. Because Su Dongpo stopped the boat here, later generations built a pavilion here as a souvenir. When Gan Long came to Cheung Chau for the second time, he rebuilt the pavilion, and Gan Long also inscribed the plaque of "Merry Jade Bureau". Speaking of this plaque, I would like to introduce it to you: According to the records and chronology, Gan Long II went to Qianzhou Pavilion when he went down to the south of the Yangtze River to show his admiration for Su Dongpo, and wrote a plaque for Qianzhou Pavilion entitled "Charming Jade Bureau". "Jade Bureau", a place name, is now in Chengdu. So far in the Song Dynasty, Su Dongpo put forward the view of jade bureau, and so did in his later years. What is the pavilion we see now? Rebuilt in 1984, this pavilion has two eaves and nine ridges. It was built in the highest place in the garden and decorated with exquisite brick carvings and wood carvings. There are two patterns on the top of the pavilion, such as dragon playing beads, pine crane playing and dragon swimming fish. It has high artistic value and is one of the most famous pavilions in Changzhou. There are two couplets on the stone pillar. One is: "The scenery in the south of the Yangtze River is good in February, so this day is sunny." The other pair is: "Dongpo lay people welcome the boat pavilion, and Xiyan Lake laughs at the old friends of Xishu." These two couplets were written by Changzhou modern calligraphers Qian Xiaoshan and Hu Fei respectively. There are many pavilions in Dongpo Park, and there is also a pavilion called "Bamboo Pavilion" beside the ancient canal to the south of the boat pavilion. There are five pavilions, which were built of bamboo in ancient times. They are the docks where Su Dongpo boarded and disembarked. Dongpo loves bamboo, so he built this bamboo pavilion. At that time, there was a couplet in the pavilion and a sentence with a horizontal comment on Dongpo: borrow the breeze and bright moon, watch the flowing water and see the mountains. Horizontal batch: Who to sit with? There is also a portrait of Dongpo reciting poems and enjoying the scenery. The Royal Pier, where Emperor Qianlong was moored. According to historical records, there was a wall around the palace at that time, and there were eight big characters on the wall, "The emperor is mighty and has no boundaries." Gardens and pavilions in the park are strewn at random, with lush flowers and trees, luxurious and beautiful. Due to years of disrepair, it has long been dilapidated. In recent years, it has been rebuilt and partially restored to its original style. 1986 widening of Changzhou section of Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. Due to the diversion by the Chuanting River, a "half moon island" surrounded by canals and shaped like the moon in the water has been formed, covering an area of 20 mu. Guangji Bridge spans the east and west, connecting Half Moon Island and the park as a whole. This Guangji Bridge was originally in the west of the city, spanning the ancient canal. Built in the 12th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (1447), it is the oldest three-hole stone arch bridge in Changzhou with simple and beautiful shape. Due to the widening of the canal in the west of the city, in order to protect historical relics, the whole bridge was moved here, which also added a cultural landscape with historical value to Dongpo Park. At present, Banyue Pavilion and Yue Yunfeng have been built on Banyue Island, and Dongpo Pavilion and rockery cloister have also been restored. The island is surrounded by masonry roads, and there are pond stone railings beside the ancient canal. Walking along the trail, hanging on the Dongpo historic site, enjoying the busy scene of the ancient canal from south to north, overlooking the majestic Chaoyang overpass in the east, and having a panoramic view of the water town in the south of the Yangtze River is refreshing.
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Brief introduction of Su Shi
Su Shi (? Su Shi (1037 ~110/) was born in Meishan, Northern Song Dynasty. He is a famous writer, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. His calligraphy is called "Song Sijia" with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei; He is good at painting bamboo and strange stones, and also has outstanding opinions on painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is a literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu. Poetry is like the name of Huang Tingjian; His words are magnificent and bold, and his words are graceful and restrained. Known as "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, * * * is an uninhibited poet.
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar. Ren Fuchang County Master Book, Fengxiang Prefecture awarded Bookmark Book Officer, called History Museum. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), when Zongshen knew Huzhou, he was appointed as the censor. In the third year, he was demoted to Huangzhou Yong ying ambassador, built a room in Dongpo, and was named Dongpo layman. Later, the money was transferred to the United States. Zhezong Yuanyou returned to Korea in the first year (1086), and was the founder of Ren Zhongshu, with a bachelor's degree in Hanlin. Know the patent. He was dismissed in nine years and exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou for three years (1 100). He was recalled to the north and died in Changzhou. The existing Complete Works of Dongpo 1 15 volumes.